《航空专业英语》课件飞机结构修理专业英语

1、结构修理专业英语结构修理车间：古晓文2014年4月14日Aircraft Furnishing飞机客舱设备Compartments Location Compartments Location furnishing 客舱设备 cockpit 驾驶舱stair bay客梯舱wing center box中央翼盒 cabin客舱accessory compartment 附件舱cargo compartment 货舱bulk cargo compartment 散装货舱A. cabin attendant seat 乘务员座椅B. curtain 隔帘C. galley/buffet 厨房/餐具柜

2、D. lavatory 厕所E. stowage 储藏间F. passenger compartment seat 客舱座椅G. floor covering (carpet)地板覆层（地毯）H. overhead stowage compartment行李架J. lining 衬层、装饰板K. emergency exit 应急出口L. passenger service unit 旅客服务组件armrest 扶手seat belt 座椅安全带seat cushion 坐垫backrest靠背food tray 餐桌板life vest 救生衣pouch 储存袋baggage bar 行李围

3、栏framework 框架recline后靠captain 机长first officer 副驾驶occupant 乘员oxygen mask 氧气面罩partition wall 隔板stanchion支柱tie down point 系留点emergency equipment应急设备escape rope撤离绳descent device emergency应急下落装置single/dual lane slide单/双通道滑梯raft救生船The emergency equipment is installed in the aircraft for the safety of the

4、passengers and the crew. 安装在飞机上的应急设备为旅客和机组乘员提供安全保护。The cockpit is equipped with adjustable seats for two crew members, a third occupant seat and a folding seat for a fourth occupant.驾驶舱安装有两个可调节的机组座椅，一个第三乘员座椅和一个可折叠的第四乘员座椅。Fasteners attach the upper part of the decorative panels to the attachment fitt

5、ings mounted on the aircraft structure. 紧固件将装饰板的上部连接到安装在飞机结构上的接头上。Adjust the hinge to get the dimension C clearance between the lavatory door and the door frame. 调节铰链以达到厕所门和门框之间的间隙尺寸C。DO NOT TOUCH THE UNIT UNTIL IT IS SUFFICIENTLY COOL TO PREVENT BURNS WHEN YOU DO THE MAINTENANCE TASK(S). 不要接触部件直到其完

6、全冷却以防执行维护任务时烫伤。The Bulk cargo compartment has tie down/attachment points for the door nets and for the nets and straps which keep the bulk cargo in place. 散装货舱安装有连接门网和散货固定网及束带的系留点。Escape slide inflation is automatic if the door is opened with the Emergency Control Handle (ECH) in the ARMED mode. 如果应

7、急控制手柄（ECH）在ARMED(待命)模式时舱门打开，撤离滑梯自动充气。The thermal insulation is distributed through the pressurized fuselage, and is of different thickness, and installed in different ways. 隔热层分布于整个承压机身，厚度不同，并以不同的方式安装。The seat pan is spring loaded to return the seat to the retracted position when it is not in use.当不

8、使用时座板在弹簧力的作用下回到收起位置。Open the doors on coatroom and remove all the equipments to lighten the unit weight and to provide access to the seat track attachments.打开衣帽间门，移走所有设备以减轻部件重量并得以接近座椅导轨连接件。Aircraft Structure飞机结构station (STA)站位frame (FR)隔框fuselage机身radome雷达罩pressure bulkhead承压隔框nose机头powerplant动力装置py

9、lon发动机吊架wing机翼vertical stabilizer垂直安定面horizontal stabilizer水平安定面tail cone尾锥windshield风挡fixed window固定窗sliding window活动窗clearview window活动窗、观察窗belly fairing机腹整流罩landing gear bay起落架舱passenger/crew door旅客/机组门、登机门floor structure地板结构slat缝翼flap襟翼tab调整片spoiler扰流板aileron副翼wingtip翼尖fence翼刀rib肋板spar翼梁overwing

10、翼上的rudder方向舵elevator升降舵apron裙板、围板leading edge前缘trailing edge后缘spar box梁盒attach fitting接头nose cowl进气道、前环lnlet cowl进气道、前环fan cowl风扇罩thrust reverser反推common nozzle尾喷管exhaust cone排气锥duct函道primary structure主要结构secondary structure次要结构config构型dorsal fin背鳍landing gear door起落架舱门cargo door货舱门titanium plate钛板s

11、andwich panel夹芯板bird impact鸟击flight deck驾驶舱skin蒙皮support支撑longitudinal joint纵向接缝circumferential joint环向接缝stringer/ longeron 长桁cross beam横梁vertical strut立柱seat rail/track座椅导轨splice搭接带keel beam龙骨梁crack stopper止裂板assembly组件The material, the function and the location of a component have an effect upon t

12、he type of protective treatment applied to a component. 部件的材料、功能和位置决定了用于该部件上的防护处理类型。Skin stiffeners make the fuselage skin stronger and are riveted to the skin in areas of high stress (door openings, emergency exits, cabin windows, etc.). 蒙皮加强件使机身蒙皮得到加强并且铆接在高应力区域（舱门开口、应急出口、客舱窗等）的蒙皮上。The fuselage is

13、a semimonocoque structure, light alloy circular frames and longitudinal stringers support and strengthen the main fuselage skin.机身为半硬壳结构，轻质合金的环形隔框和纵向长桁支撑并加强了主要机身蒙皮。 练习1：nose机头 forward fuselage前机身 center fuselage中机身 rear fuselage后机身belly fairing 腹部整流罩tail cone尾锥，keel beam龙骨梁cargo 货舱splice搭接板beam 横梁 s

14、tringer长桁 frame 隔框 Insulation blanket 隔热棉radome雷达罩wing tip翼尖leading edge前缘trailing edge后缘spoiler 扰流板flap 襟翼aileron副翼 slat 缝翼front spar前梁rear spar后梁rib 翼肋web腹板horizontal stabilizer水平安定面vertical stabilizer垂直安定面rudder方向舵elevator升降舵dorsal fin背鳍Structure Damage结构损伤scratch划痕gouge凿痕crack裂纹dent凹坑distortion变

15、形corrosion腐蚀corrosion preventive compound防腐剂abrasion磨损erosion侵蚀、风蚀crease折痕debonding脱胶delamination分层Damage which exceeds the Allowable Damage limits can be repaired by cutting out the damaged area of a structural component and inserting or attaching a reinforcing piece. 超过可允许损伤限制的损伤可以通过切除结构件的损伤区域并嵌入或

16、安装一个加强件来进行修理。All corrosion which you find must be immediately and fully removed, because corrosion which remains will cause new corrosion and further decrease the strength of the structure. 被发现的腐蚀必需立即完全去除，应为余留的腐蚀会造成新的腐蚀并进一步减弱结构强度。After the corrosion is fully removed the extent of the damage must be

17、examined and compared with the allowable damage limits. 腐蚀完全去除后，必需检查损伤程度并与可允许损伤限制对比。练习2：corrosion 腐蚀, scratch 划伤,dent 凹坑， crack 裂纹gouge 凿痕, nick 刻痕,mark 伤痕, burnt 烧伤lightning strike雷击, crease 折痕、皱痕debonding脱胶, delaminating分层distortion 扭曲， deformation 变形，Structure Repair结构修理doubler加强板patch补片cutout切口c

18、utout/cutting line切割线fastener spacing/pitch紧固件间距edge distance/margin (紧固件) 边距finger doubler指形板filler填片shim填隙片splice strap搭接带chamfer倒角flange缘边web腹板repair angle修理角材sealant密封剂interfay结合面fillet seal填角密封overcoat保护层bend弯曲bend angle弯曲角bend radius弯曲半径section angle部件角sheet thickness板厚joggle下陷、折接pneumatic气动的s

19、ander打磨器step sanding台阶打磨scarf sanding斜面打磨blend out打磨去除dress out(凹坑)整形cold form冷成形stop hole止裂孔heattreatment热处理Heat treatment shall be carried out uniformly over the whole material and never on a part of the material only.应均匀地对整体材料进行热处理，而不可以仅针对材料的一部分。You can form light-alloy sheet in either its as rec

20、eived condition or heattreated condition. 可以在收货状态或热处理状态下对轻质合金薄板进行成形操作。Sealing the external joints of the aircraft structure to make sure that water does not go into the structure and to make the structure aerodynamic. 密封飞机结构的外部接缝以确保水分不进入结构并获得结构的气动性。练习3：shim薄板, sleeve管套袖口 wet assembly湿安装sketch草图, res

21、in树脂 drill 钻 mill铣ream铰 diameter 直径 oversize 加大级external repair 贴补 flush repair挖补 doublers 衬片、加强片 filler 补片,填充剂,margin边距, rivet pitch/spacing 铆钉间距chamfer 倒角 section 剖面joggling 折边 tolerance 偏差wax 打蜡 facing 端面,profile 轮廓、外形 gap 缺口、间隙sealant密封胶 adhesive粘接剂label、tag标签 release agent 分离剂debur去毛刺 countersi

22、nk埋窝stripping褪漆 abrasion打磨Structure Material结构材料aluminium alloy铝合金titanium alloy钛合金monel蒙乃尔（铜镍合金）corrosion resistant steel (CRES)不锈钢copper铜clad金属包层unclad/bare非金属包层AL Clad Sheet包铝板extrusion挤压型材formed section板弯型材bar棒料tube管料sheet薄板 (0.25 inch)plate 板材(0.25 inch)forging锻件extrusionformed sectioncomposite

23、 material复合材料glassfiber玻璃纤维carbonfiber碳纤维aramidfiber芳纶纤维honeycomb core蜂窝夹芯resin树脂teflon特氟隆silicone硅树脂adhesive粘接剂adhesive film胶膜topcoat面漆primer底漆coating涂层、漆层Carbonfiber parts may include small quantities of Glassfiber or Aramidfiber used as dielectric coating or galvanic corrosion protection. 碳纤维部件可能

24、会包含少量的玻璃纤维或芳纶纤维用作绝缘层或电偶腐蚀保护。The floor panels are made of a honeycomb core which is bonded between Glass-fiber Reinforced Plastic (GFRP) sheets.地板是由蜂窝夹芯粘接于玻璃纤维增强塑料（GFRP)薄板之间制成的。 Fastener紧固件rivet铆钉solid rivet实芯铆钉blind rivet拉铆钉pin销钉Hi-Lok高锁钉、海螺钉screw螺钉bolt螺栓nut螺帽washer垫片lockbolt锁螺栓self-locking自锁nutplat

25、e托板螺帽clipnut夹板螺帽collar螺帽protruding head凸头countersunk head埋头tension head拉伸头shear head剪切头grip length夹紧长度CollarSolid RivetProtrudingHeadCountersunkHeadBlind RivetProtrudingHeadCountersunkHeadHi - Lok PinProtrudingHeadCountersunkHeadLockboltClipnutNutplateGrip LengthWhen a fastener hole is damaged and o

26、utside the tolerances for the original fastener nominal diameter, an oversize fastener must be installed.当一个紧固件孔损伤并且超出原有紧固件标称直径的公差范围时，必需安装一个加大尺寸的紧固件。 When an aluminum rivet is upset against a softer material, a washer must be used under the upset head to prevent eruption of the softer material. 当一个铝

27、铆钉的镦头形成在较软的材料一边时，必需在铆钉镦头下使用垫片以防止较软材料胀裂。Hi-Lok pins installed in aluminum structure shall be installed into interference-fit holes unless otherwise specified on the engineering drawing. 安装在铝质结构中的高锁钉应安装在干涉配合的孔中，除非工程图纸上有其它说明。Translation 翻译Translation 翻译翻译的基本过程：一、理解：翻译的关键在于理解，理解是表达的前提。二、表达：表达是翻译过程的第二步，是

28、成功实现由英语转换为汉语的关键。三、校对：校对阶段是理解和表达阶段的进一步深化，是对原文内容进一步核实以及对译文语言进一步推敲的阶段。Translation 翻译翻译标准：一、准确：译文必须正确传达原文的内容，不得有任何篡改、歪曲的现象。二、通顺：译文语言必须明白畅达，符合汉语习惯和规范。三、完整：翻译出来的每一句话，应该是一句完整的汉语句子，没有遗漏、增删原文的意思。Translation 翻译翻译方法：直译：翻译的时候尽量保持原文的语言形式，包括原文的用词、句子结构、内容和意义。意译：由于英汉两种语言中的词汇、语法结构、表达方式及谋篇布局都具有其特殊性，在翻译的过程中，需要把英语原文作解释

29、性的翻译。同时注意一词多义现象，如flap 拍打/襟翼、elevator电梯/升降舵等。Translation 翻译翻译的核心策略：拆分与组合拆分：理解英文原文、拆分语法结构组合：改变原文顺序，组合汉语译文例：The location of the horizontal tail surfaces must take into consideration both the effect of the propeller slipstream and the turbulence produced by the airflow over the wings.水平尾翼的位置安排必须要考虑到螺旋桨上

30、反气流效应和机翼上表面气流产生的紊流两者的影响。翻译练习The radome, wing center box, nose and main gear bays, belly fairing and cone/rear fuselage are not in the pressurized zone. 雷达罩、中央翼盒、前、主起落架舱、腹部整流罩和尾椎后机身不属于增压区域。翻译练习The spoilers are wedge-shaped structures. They have carbon-fiber top and bottom skins, sides and a trailing

31、edge profile, bonded to a honeycomb core. They are connected by aluminum-alloy attachment fittings and hinged to the rear spar and rear false spar. 扰流板的结构是楔形的。其内部是蜂窝结构，上下碳纤维表面、侧边以及后缘与蜂窝结构粘接在一起。扰流板通过铝合金连接接头铰接到后梁和假梁上。翻译练习The primary structural components of the stabilizers (spars, ribs and skin panels) are made of laminations of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic (CFRP