英语的时态ppt（沐风书屋）

1、时态概述时态演化演化练习时态详解一般现在时一般过去时现在完成时现在完成进行时过去完成时现在进行时过去进行时将来进行时一般将来时1教书育人时 态 概 述动词原形；第三人称单数在词尾加-s或-es现在过去将来过去将来一般状态完成状态完成进行状 态dododoes动词的过去式（规则或不规则）didbe going to/will/shall+动词原形be going towillshall+do进行状态am、is或are加动词的现在分词amisare+doingwas/ were加动词的现在分词waswere+doingwould/should加 be doingwas/were going to,

2、 would或should加动词原形wasweregoing towouldshould+dowill/shall加 be doingwouldshould+be doing willshall+be doing have或has加动词的过去分词havehas+done助动词had加动词的过去分词had+ doneWill/shall加have加过去分词willshallhave done+would或should加have加动词的过去分词wouldshould+have donehave/has加been加动词的现在分词havehas+been doing had加been加动词的现在分词h

3、ad been doingwill/shall加have加been加现在分词willshall+havebeen doing would/should have been doing单击转到目录页2教书育人常用时态演化示意图1一 般 现 在 时 态do过去did现在do将来amisaregoing towillshall过去waswerewouldshould注：一般现在时态第三人称单数形式词尾按规则加-s或-es。一般现在时一般过去时一般现在时一般将来时过去将来时3教书育人常用时态演化示意图2一 般 现 在 时 态do现在进行amisaredoing过去waswere现在amisare将来b

4、ewillshall注：一般现在时态第三人称单数形式词尾按规则加-s或-es。过去wouldshould一般现在时现在进行时过去进行时将来进行时过去将来进行时现在进行时4教书育人常用时态演化示意图3一 般 现 在 时 态do注：一般现在时态第三人称单数形式词尾按规则加-s或-es。现在完成havehasdone过去had一般现在时现在完成时过去完成时单击转到目录页5教书育人常用时态演化练习1结 构练 习以write为中心动词写出各相应时态的结构： 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般将来时 现在进行时 过去进行时 过去将来时 将来进行时 过去将来进行时 现在完成时 过去完成时write; writes

5、wroteam/is/are going to/will/shall writeam/ is/are wrtingwas/were wrtingwas/were going to/would/should writewill/shall be writingwould/should be writinghave/ has written had writtendo;doesdidam/is/are going to/will/shall doam/ is/are doingwas/were doingwas/were going to/would/should dowill/shall be

6、doingwould/should be doinghave/ has done had done6教书育人常用时态演化练习2结 构练 习以“看书”为中心推断下列句子的时态并翻译：他已经看过这本书了。他要看一本书。他正在看书。他昨天看了一本书。当时他正在看书。他每天都要看一本书。明天这个时候他将正在看书。他说他要看一本书。他在走之前就看过这本书了。判断不对没关系现在完成时一般将来时现在进行时一般过去时过去进行时一般现在时将来进行时过去将来时过去完成时He has read the book.He will be reading a book at this time tomorrow.He w

7、ill read a book.He is reading a book.He read a book yesterday.He was reading a book then.He reads a book every day.He said he would read a book.He had read the book before leaving.7教书育人时 态 详 解一般现在时一般现在时由谓语动词原形构成，主语是第一、第二人称和第三人称复数时，动词用原形。当主语是第三人称单数时，须在动词原形的词尾加-s或-es。主 要 用 法 a表示现在的特征或状态e.g. I major in

8、 computer science. George is a teacher. It all depends. (得看情况。)8教书育人时 态 详 解一般现在时一般现在时由谓语动词原形构成，主语是第一、第二人称和第三人称复数时，动词用原形。当主语是第三人称单数时，须在动词原形的词尾加-s或-es。主 要 用 法 b表示经常或习惯性动作e.g. I climb the mountain three times a week. It seldom snows here. They cycle to work every day.9教书育人时 态 详 解一般现在时一般现在时由谓语动词原形构成，主语是

9、第一、第二人称和第三人称复数时，动词用原形。当主语是第三人称单数时，须在动词原形的词尾加-s或-es。主 要 用 法 c表示公认事实或普遍真理e.g. Health is more important than wealth. Four plus three equals seven. Water freezes at 0.10教书育人时 态 详 解一般现在时一般现在时由谓语动词原形构成，主语是第一、第二人称和第三人称复数时，动词用原形。当主语是第三人称单数时，须在动词原形的词尾加-s或-es。主 要 用 法 d在时间和条件状语从句中代替将来时e.g. When he finishes mid

10、dle school, he will go on his studies in college. We will have a football match if it is fine tomorrow.We will start as soon as you are ready.11教书育人时 态 详 解一般现在时主 要 用 法 e在口语中表示预先安排好将要发生的动作，但这只用于一些表示位置移动的动词，如come, go, leave, sail, arrive, return, depart以及象start, begin, end, stop, open, close和be 等词e.g.

11、 The delegation arrives here tomorrow.The plane takes off at 11 a.m.The evening party begins at 7:00 tonight.When does the exhibition close? I am in my office from three to six this afternoon.将要发生的动作，12教书育人时 态 详 解一般现在时主 要 用 法 f用于一些谚语、新闻标题、体育解说词、舞台指导说明或讲故事等e.g. Pride goes before a fall.（骄者必败。）AMERICA

12、N PROFESSOR LEAVES BEIJINGMoor passes to Charlton; Charlton shoots, its a good goal.When the curtain rises, Juliet is sitting at her desk. The phone rings.She picks it up and listens quietly.It is pitch-dark（漆黑的）that night. A cold wind is blowing from the north. Suddenly the door opens. A man bursts

13、 in with a baby in his arms.单击转到目录页13教书育人时 态 详 解一般过去时一般过去时以谓语动词原形加-ed表示，不规则动词的过去式见不规则动词表。主 要 用 法 a表示确定的过去时间里发生的动作或情况e.g. Scissors cut paper, but I cut my finger this morning.Shanghai was once the Paradise for Adventures.When did you meet him?14教书育人时 态 详 解一般过去时主 要 用 法 b表示过去的习惯动作e.g. Ken never smoked.

14、He often went dancing before.He gave Mary exciting gifts every Christmas.也可用used to或would来表达过去习惯的动作e.g. Tom used to eat out every day, but now he cant afford it.He didnt use to make that mistake.When he was young, he would rise early and take a walk before breakfast.15教书育人时 态 详 解一般过去时主 要 用 法 c在时间和条件

15、状语从句中，代替过去将来时e.g. I missed that exciting game, because mother said I couldnt watch TV before my homework was finished.Father promised to buy me a bike if he got a raise.The little boy would open the door if he heard anybody knock at the door.16教书育人时 态 详 解一般过去时主 要 用 法 d用于一些虚拟句，表示现在或将来臆想或非真实的情况e.g. I

16、wish I had a better memory.Its five oclock. Its time we went home.Id rather you lived closer to us.If I knew his address, I would look him up.单击转到目录页17教书育人时 态 详 解现在完成时现在完成时由have/has+过去分词组成，规则动词的过去分词与过去式同形，不规则动词的过去分词见不规则动词表。与现在完成时连用的时间状语主要有两类，一类是表示不确切的时间状语，如just， ever， never， yet， already， before等；另一

17、类是表示包括现在在内的时间状语，如these days， since，for a long time， this year， so far， up till now 等。18教书育人时 态 详 解现在完成时主 要 用 法 a用来表示从过去到现在这段时间里已完成且对现在有影响的动作e.g. John has been to Beijing. -John has gone to Beijing. -I have seen the film many times.（说明他现在已经返回）（说明他现在不在此地）（说明对电影内容很熟悉）19教书育人时 态 详 解现在完成时主 要 用 法 b表示从过去延续到

18、现在的动作或状态How many pages have you covered today?It has rained a great deal since you left.She has been ill for three days.20教书育人时 态 详 解现在完成时主 要 用 法 c在时间和条件状语从句中代替将来完成时e.g. The students will go home as soon as they have finished the exams.I will give my opinion when I have read the book through.He will

19、 say sorry to you if he has realized his own mistake.21教书育人时 态 详 解现在完成时主 要 用 法 d用于This is the first time结构中e.g. This is the first time I have eaten Pizza.This is the first time they have seen a panda.It is the first time John has played golf.单击转到目录页22教书育人时 态 详 解现在完成进行时现在完成进行时由has/have been + 现在分词构成主

20、 要 用 法 a表示现在以前一直在进行的一个动作，这个动作可能已经停止,也可能还在进行e.g. How long has it been raining?She has been teaching in the elementary school since 1990.How have you been getting on with your work?23教书育人时 态 详 解现在完成进行时现在完成进行时由has/have been + 现在分词构成主 要 用 法 b表示延续到现在并经常重复的动作e.g. Jim is annoyed. Jim has been phoning Jenny

21、 every night for a week. All the years they have been contributing articles to our magazine. We have been seeing quite a lot each other recently.24教书育人时 态 详 解现在完成进行时现在完成进行时由has/have been + 现在分词构成主 要 用 法 c用于得出结论e.g. Her eyes are red. It is obvious she has been crying. You look thin and tired. You hav

22、e been working too hard.单击转到目录页25教书育人时 态 详 解过去完成时过去完成时由had + 过去分词构成主 要 用 法 a表示过去某时刻以前发生或完成的动作或状态，即过去的过去这一概念e.g. By dusk tear gas had spread through the south campus.When I got to the cinema, the film had already begun.By the end of last October, they had fulfilled their production plan for the whole

23、 year.26教书育人时 态 详 解过去完成时过去完成时由had + 过去分词构成主 要 用 法 b表示某一时刻开始一直延续到过去另一时刻的动作和状态e.g. She had studied English for five years before she came to the college. He had lived with his grandmother before she died. I received a letter from a friend yesterday. We had not heard from each other since 1990.27教书育人时

24、态 详 解过去完成时过去完成时由had + 过去分词构成主 要 用 法 c在宾语从句中，当主句为一般过去时而从句中的动作发生在先时，从句常用过去完成时，常用于间接引语的情况e.g. Jane said that she had visited that science museum. He told us that John had broken his arm while riding a motorcycle. He said that when Id worked for a year Id get a rise.28教书育人时 态 详 解过去完成时过去完成时由had + 过去分词构成主

25、 要 用 法 d用于过去时间的虚拟条件句中，表示与过去事实相反的情况e.g. We would have enjoyed our spring outing if it had not rained. If I had known that you were coming, I would have met you at the airport. If he had tried to leave the country he would have been stopped at the frontier.29教书育人时 态 详 解过去完成时主 要 用 法 e在动词wish和if only后的从

26、句中，用于对未曾实现的愿望表示遗憾e.g. I wished he had known the address. He wished he had lived nearer his work. -If only she had asked someones advice. 相当于I was sorry he didnt know the address.相当于He was sorry that he didnt live nearer his work. 相当于I was sorry that she didnt ask someones advice.30教书育人时 态 详 解过去完成时主

27、要 用 法 fexpect, hope, wish, intend, mean, plan, suppose, think, want 等动词用过去完成时表示过去的希望或计划等没有实现e.g. He had hoped to come and help, but he was sick. They had intended to visit you, but their car broke down. The boss had wanted to donate some money to the school, but he went bankrupt over a night.31教书育人时

28、 态 详 解过去完成时主 要 用 法 g与before连用表示还没就e.g. She wept before I had realized what was happening. They set out before I had told them the address. He closed the door before the telephone had rung.32教书育人时 态 详 解过去完成时主 要 用 法 h用于it was the first time、no sooner than或hardlywhen结构中e.g. It was the first time they h

29、ad tried foreign food. I had no sooner returned than he called. We had hardly begun when we were told to stop.单击转到目录页33教书育人时 态 详 解现在进行时现在进行时由am/is/are+动词现在分词构成主 要 用 法 a表示在某时刻正在进行的动作e.g. A large audience is listening to the lecturer carefully.Whats the baby doing?Hes tearing up a 5 note.My neighbor i

30、s refurnishing（重新装修）his rooms now.34教书育人时 态 详 解现在进行时现在进行时由am/is/are+动词现在分词构成主 要 用 法 b表示现阶段正在进行的动作，但说话时不一定正在进行e.g. He is taking a part-time job in the library. Some teachers in our department are learning how to program these days. I am reading a play by Bernard Shaw this month.35教书育人时 态 详 解现在进行时现在进行

31、时由am/is/are+动词现在分词构成主 要 用 法 c表示计划中即将发生的将来动作e.g. My uncle is visiting us soon.Are you doing anything tomorrow afternoon?Yes, Im playing tennis with Ann.Im meeting Peter tonight. He is taking me to the theatre.36教书育人时 态 详 解现在进行时主 要 用 法 d与副词always, forever, continually, constantly等连用，表示经常或反复发生的动作，往往带有赞

32、赏或厌恶等感情色彩e.g. Why are you always leaving things behind?He is always forgetting peoples names.She is always complaining.He is constantly producing devices for making the tasks of ordinary life easier to perform.The little boy is forever asking questions.单击转到目录页37教书育人时 态 详 解过去进行时过去进行时由was/were+动词现在分词构

33、成主 要 用 法 a表示过去某时刻或某段时期正在进行的动作e.g. Between eight and ten I was studying in the library.When I arrived, Tom was talking on the phone.The mother was preparing dinner when the son came home.38教书育人时 态 详 解过去进行时过去进行时由was/were+动词现在分词构成主 要 用 法 b不与时间状语连用，表示逐渐的发展e.g. It was getting darker. The wind was rising.

34、 A wood fire was burning.39教书育人时 态 详 解过去进行时过去进行时由was/were+动词现在分词构成主 要 用 法 c表示过去对将来的安排e.g. He was busy packing, for he was leaving that night. They were playing tennis from 3:00 to 4:00 that afternoon, so they booked . What were you doing at eight oclock?40教书育人时 态 详 解过去进行时过去进行时由was/were+动词现在分词构成主 要 用

35、 法 d与某些副词连用表示某事在过去经常发生，而且带有惊奇或不满等感情色彩e.g. My father was forever losing keys. He was always ringing me up. My grandmother was forever forgetting peoples names.41教书育人时 态 详 解过去进行时过去进行时由was/were+动词现在分词构成主 要 用 法 e用在间接引语中，表示相当于现在进行的动作e.g. He said he was living in London. I told them I was washing the car.

36、 They said that they were playing cards.单击转到目录页42教书育人时 态 详 解将来进行时将来进行时由be的将来时形式+动词的现在分词构成主 要 用 法表示将来某时刻或某段时期正在进行的动作e.g They will be waiting for you at the school gate from ten to eleven tomorrow morning.Wont he be working?When shall we be meeting again?Shall I be disturbing you if I do my typing here?Be sure to come. Well be expecting you.单击转到目录页43教书育人时 态 详 解一般将来时现代英语表示将来时间的主要语法手段有五种主 要 手 段 1will/shall + 动词原形（主语是第一人称时，可用shall。）e.g - The phone is ringing. - Ill answer it. - You will come