形容词与副词的原级和比较级的用法及习题学习教案

1、会计学1形容词与副词形容词与副词(fc)的原级和比较级的用法的原级和比较级的用法及习题及习题第一页，共86页。用来对名词(mng c)或某些代词在性质、特征或状态等方面加以修饰的词。e.g. long, empty, cheap, hungry, etc.在句中作定语、表语、宾语(bny)补足语等成分第2页/共86页第二页，共86页。e.g. He is a good student.I have something important to tell you.当形容词修饰(xish)由some-,any-,no-,every-构成的不定代词时,形容词要放在这些不定代词的之后. e.g.Is

2、there anything interesting in todays newspaper ?第3页/共86页第三页，共86页。The trees turn green in spring.We are alone on the island.常与感官(gngun)系动词连用：look, taste, smell, sound, feel, seem, become,get, turn, go 等The cake tastes delicious.第4页/共86页第四页，共86页。形容词和宾语(bny)一起构成复合宾语(bny)We must keep the classroom clean

3、.He made us happy. Colour it green.第5页/共86页第五页，共86页。有一些形容词前+the后，具有(jyu)名词词性。可以作主语或宾语。The rich should help the poor.第6页/共86页第六页，共86页。有些形容词只能作定语(dngy)，有些形容词只能作表语。sleeping 定语(dngy) a sleeping boyasleep 表语 the boy is asleep.定语(dngy)： sick, live, little等表语：ill, alive, alone等第7页/共86页第七页，共86页。形容词作定语时，分为前置

4、(qin zh)定语和后置定语。 大部分形容词可以做前置(qin zh)定语。an old American lady第8页/共86页第八页，共86页。形容词短语、介词短语或不定式短语做后置(hu zh)定语。The boy under the tree is my brother.第9页/共86页第九页，共86页。形容词按音节(ynji)可分为： 多音节词(du yn ji c)双音节(ynji)词单音节词第10页/共86页第十页，共86页。形容词级别(jbi)可分为： 原级比较级最高级第11页/共86页第十一页，共86页。少数形容词只有(zhyu)原形，没有比较级和最高级。如right,

5、wrong ,woolen(羊毛制的)等。第12页/共86页第十二页，共86页。This tree is as_ as that tree.The green bag is as _as the red.This pen is not as _ as that pen.tallbiglong原级比较是说明两个人物或事物的程度(chngd)是一样第13页/共86页第十三页，共86页。当两个人或两件事物进行比较时程度不一样，就要用到形容词比较级，也就是词尾(cwi)-er形式，比较级常常用than来连接被比较的两个人或事物。e.g. I am shorter than you.比较级比较是区分两个

6、(lin )人物或事物的程度不一样第14页/共86页第十四页，共86页。 最高级一般(ybn)用于三者（或三者以上）之间的比较。 “最”。 China is the largest of the countries.John is the tallest in the class. 第15页/共86页第十五页，共86页。Yao Ming is Jordan.Jordan is tall.Yao Ming is taller.Jordan2.26m1.98mtaller than第16页/共86页第十六页，共86页。Zeng Zhiwei is short.Pan Changjiang isPa

7、n Changjiang is Zeng Zhiwei.shorter.shorter than第17页/共86页第十七页，共86页。Liu Huan is heavy .Fei Mao isFei Mao is Liu Huan.80kg90kgheavier .heavier than第18页/共86页第十八页，共86页。Lin Xinru is thin.Liu Yifei is Liu Yifei is Lin Xinru.45kg48kgthinner.thinner than第19页/共86页第十九页，共86页。more outgoingLi Yong is Cheng long.

8、Cheng Long is outgoing.Li Yong is more outgoing.outgoingmore outgoing than第20页/共86页第二十页，共86页。athleticCheng Long is more athletic than Li Xiaopeng.Li Xiaopeng is athletic.Cheng Long is more athletic.more athletic第21页/共86页第二十一页，共86页。funny, serious, smart, calm, wild, big, fat,outgoing, athletic, dirty

9、, heavy, thin, tallsmaller easierhottermore interestingsmarterfunnierheavierdirtierbiggerthinnerfattermore outgoingmore seriousmore athleticcalmerwildertaller第22页/共86页第二十二页，共86页。第23页/共86页第二十三页，共86页。第24页/共86页第二十四页，共86页。第25页/共86页第二十五页，共86页。第26页/共86页第二十六页，共86页。第27页/共86页第二十七页，共86页。第28页/共86页第二十八页，共86页。第2

10、9页/共86页第二十九页，共86页。词词 尾尾 变变 化化原级原级比较比较级级最高最高级级单音节词在词尾加单音节词在词尾加-er(比较级比较级)或或-est(最高级最高级)以字母以字母e接尾的词加接尾的词加-r或或-sttall hard large wide以重读闭音节结尾的词末尾只有一以重读闭音节结尾的词末尾只有一个辅音字母应双写辅音字母再加个辅音字母应双写辅音字母再加er或或estbig hot thin fat wet 以辅音字母以辅音字母+y结尾的词变为结尾的词变为i再加再加-er,或或-esthappy dry early narrow clever 多音节词和多数双音节词在其前面

11、多音节词和多数双音节词在其前面加加more 和和most difficult popular slowlytaller harder larger wider tallest hardest largest widestbigger hotter fatter wetterbiggest hottest fattest wettest happier drier earlierhappiest driest earliestnarrower cleverernarrowest cleverestmore difficult more popularmore slowly most diffic

12、ult most popularmost slowly少数以-er,-ow结尾(jiwi)的双音节词可加-er或-est第30页/共86页第三十页，共86页。原级原级goodwellbadillmanymuchlittlefarold比较级比较级最高级最高级better bestworseworstless more mostfarther/furtherolder/elderleast farthest/furthestoldest/eldest巧记：特殊形式比较级共有三对二合一坏病两多并两好little意思不是(b shi)小一分为二有两个一是老来二是远第31页/共86页第三十一页，共86

13、页。 构 成 方 法原 级比 较 级最 高 级单音节词和少数多音节词一般在词尾加一般在词尾加-er/或或-est/ist/coldcoldercoldestfastfasterfastest以字母以字母e结尾的形容词，加结尾的形容词，加-r或或-stnicenicernicestlargelargerlargest重读闭音节词只有一个辅音字母重读闭音节词只有一个辅音字母时，应先双写辅音字母；再加时，应先双写辅音字母；再加-es或或-estbigbiggerbiggesthothotterhottest以以“辅音字母辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节结尾的双音节词，先改词，先改“+y”结尾的双音节词，结

14、尾的双音节词，先改先改“y”为为“i”,再加再加-er或或-esteasyeasiereasiestearlyearlierearliest多音节词和部分双音节词在词前加在词前加more或或mosttiredmore tiredmost tiredeasilymore easilymost easily第32页/共86页第三十二页，共86页。巧记：（1）特殊形式比较级共有二对二合一外加一对(y du)三合一坏病两多并两好little意思不是小一分为二有两个一是老来二是远（2）二好，二多，三坏一少，一老，一远第33页/共86页第三十三页，共86页。 healthy outgoing goodwe

15、ll little olderelderfatteryoungeruglierhigherlowerlighterwhitersunnierhottercoolerearliermore deliciouslessbettermore outgoinghealthierhungriermore importantmore friendly第34页/共86页第三十四页，共86页。 讲述某人或某物自身情况时用原级。 可以修饰原级的词： very, too, so, more, quite, a lot, a little, enough, rather等 基本句型 (1)主语+ 谓语 + 形容词原

16、级 +. He is very old now. 他现在(xinzi)很老了。 The weather looks rather bad. 天气看上去相当糟 I am so happy. 我是如此的快乐。 第35页/共86页第三十五页，共86页。表示两者之间没有差别时,使用句型： (2)主语(第一个人物) + 谓语动词 + as + 形容词原级 + as + 第二个人物 +. 和一样 如：He is as excited as his younger sister. 他和他妹妹一样兴奋。 They picked as many apples as the farmers (did). 他们摘的

17、苹果和农民一样多。 The girl is as brilliant as beautiful. 这个女孩的智慧(zhhu)和美丽一样突出。第36页/共86页第三十六页，共86页。表示第一个人比不上第二个人时,使用(shyng)句型: (3)主语(第一个人物) + 谓语动词(否定式) + as / so + 形容词+ as 和不一样，不如 He is not so / as excited as his younger sister. 他没他妹妹那么兴奋。 They didnt pick so / as many apples as the farmers (did). 他们摘的苹果不如农民多

18、。 Tony isnt so/ as tall as Tom. 托尼和汤姆不一样高。第37页/共86页第三十七页，共86页。 讲述两者有差异, 第一个人物超过(chogu)第二个人 物时用比较级。 可以修饰比较级的词：a little, a bit, a lot, much, far, even, still, rather等基本句型： A 原级 . B 比较级. 例：1）Bob is tall. Mike is taller. 2）This cake is delicious. That cake is more delicious. 第38页/共86页第三十八页，共86页。 Who/Whi

19、ch+ is +比较级, A or B?例：1）Who is taller, Mike or Bob? 2）Which of them is taller, Mike or Bob? 说明(shumng)： 此句型中的or不可改为and。 B +谓语+比较级+ than+ A 例：1）Mike is taller than Bob (is). 2）This cake is more delicious than that one.注意：the one 代替可数名词单数(dnsh) the ones 或 those 代替可数名词复数 that 代替不可数名词 第39页/共86页第三十九页，共86

20、页。more and more句型即“比较级 + and +（同一个）比较级”句型。此句型表示(biosh)“越来越”。多音节比较级用“more and more形容词原级”形式。例： 1）Our life is better and better. 2）You look more and more beautiful.The more , the more 句型(j xn) 具体结构：The + 比较级 + 一个句子，the + 另一比较级 + 一个句子。表示“越越“。例：The harder you study, the better grades you will get. 第40页/共

21、86页第四十页，共86页。两者范围内的比较(bjio) 具体结构：The + 比较(bjio)级 + of + the two/ twins/ parents。表示“两者之间最一个。例：1). May is the taller of the twins. 2). He is the braver of the two boys. 第41页/共86页第四十一页，共86页。第42页/共86页第四十二页，共86页。第43页/共86页第四十三页，共86页。 讲述三者或三者以上的差异, 一个人物是其中之最用最高级。最高级前必须加the. 可以修饰最高级的词：by far, much, really,

22、very, almost等基本(jbn)句型： A+系+the +最高级+(名词)+表示范围短语（in, among, of)例：1）He is the youngest in his family. 2）Lucy is the most careful among us. 第44页/共86页第四十四页，共86页。 Who/Which+ is +最高级, A，B or C?例：1）Which country is the most fascinating, China, America or France? 2）Which is the shortest, Mike, John or Bob?

23、 说明(shumng)： 此句型中的or不可改为and。 one of the+最高级+名词(mng c)复数例：1）Jackie Chen is one of the most popular stars. 2）Lu Xun is one of the greatest writers last century.第45页/共86页第四十五页，共86页。 比较级表达最高级含义句型： the+ 最高级+名词(mng c)+范围= 比较级+ than + any other + 名词(mng c)单数 the other + 名词(mng c)复数 any of the other + 名词(mn

24、g c)复数 the rest of + 名词(mng c)复数 all the other + 名词(mng c)单数 the others any of others anyone/ anything else第46页/共86页第四十六页，共86页。第47页/共86页第四十七页，共86页。表示行为特征或性状特征的词。用来修饰动词(dngc)、形容词、其它副词、全句或 名词词组及句子的词。e.g. very, early, out, soon, quickly, etc.第48页/共86页第四十八页，共86页。一、副词的用法一、副词的用法(yn f) 1. 作状语作状语（1）副词主要在句中作

25、状语，用来修饰动词、形）副词主要在句中作状语，用来修饰动词、形容词或副词等。容词或副词等。 A、修饰动词、修饰动词 He works hard. B、修饰形容词、修饰形容词 She is a very beautiful girl . C、修饰另一个副词、修饰另一个副词 She speaks English quite well. D、修饰介词短语、修饰介词短语 The hospital is just around the corner. 第49页/共86页第四十九页，共86页。(2)作表语作表语:放在系动词后放在系动词后 Hewillbebackinadayortwo.(3)作定语作定语：

26、一般：一般(ybn)放在被修饰的名词之后放在被修饰的名词之后 Thisbookhereisthemostuseful.（4）作复合宾语：放在及物动词后）作复合宾语：放在及物动词后 I saw you out with my friend the other day.第50页/共86页第五十页，共86页。二、副词二、副词(fc)的分类的分类名称例词在句子中的位置时间副词today, early, soon, now, then, recently，still时间副词，尤其是表示具体时间的副词，一般放在句首或句尾。例如：He will be back tomorrow. 他明天将回来。Yester

27、day we all went to the park. 昨天我们都去公园了。第51页/共86页第五十一页，共86页。名称例词在句子中的位置地点副词表示地点的副词：somewhere, here，there，downstairs地点副词常置于句尾，有时可置于句首，一般不置于句中。几个地点状语连用时，大地方放在最后。例如：The children are playing downstairs. 孩子们正在楼下玩。Here people are practicing speaking English. 人们在这儿练习说英语。Please go straight down the street. 请

28、沿着这条街一直往前走。表示方向的副词：off, down, up, out 第52页/共86页第五十二页，共86页。名称例词在句子中的位置程度副词very much, enough, quite, almost, rather常放在被修饰的动词、形容词或其他副词前面，但当very修饰动词时，常与 much连用并置于句末。例如：Tom is old enough to go to school. 汤姆已经足够大可以去上学了。疑问副词how, when, where, why主要用来引导特殊疑问句，放在句首。例如：Where are you going for vacation? 你打算去哪里度假

29、？Why were you late for our meeting last night? 昨晚我们开会你为什么迟到了？第53页/共86页第五十三页，共86页。三、副词的比较等级三、副词的比较等级 1.用于两者不同级的比较。用于两者不同级的比较。“ 副词比较级副词比较级 + than ”。这一结构表示比对方强。这一结构表示比对方强。例如：例如： Mike works more carefully than Jack. 迈克工作迈克工作(gngzu)比杰克细心。比杰克细心。2.“（not）as/so + 副词原级副词原级 + as ”。这。这一结构表示两者相似或前者不如后者。一结构表示两者相似

30、或前者不如后者。例如：例如： You dont get up so/as early as I. 你没我起得早。你没我起得早。 第54页/共86页第五十四页，共86页。3.最高级用于三者或三者以上的比较，最高级前最高级用于三者或三者以上的比较，最高级前可加也可不加定冠词可加也可不加定冠词the.例如例如(lr)：Of all the students in our class , she writes (the) most beautifully. 在我们全班同学中，她书写得最漂亮。在我们全班同学中，她书写得最漂亮。第55页/共86页第五十五页，共86页。第56页/共86页第五十六页，共86页

31、。olderfatteryoungeruglierhigherlowerlighterwhitersunnierhottercooler第57页/共86页第五十七页，共86页。shorterlongermore outgoing 第58页/共86页第五十八页，共86页。differentquiet第59页/共86页第五十九页，共86页。练习(linx)：用所给形容词的适当形式填空。Her hair is _ (long) than mine.Who is _ (short), Tom or Jack?Lily is _ (quiet) than her sister.Tina, please

32、come to school a little _ (early) next time.longershorterquieterearlier第60页/共86页第六十页，共86页。The _ (hard) you study, the _ (good) grades youll get.It becomes _ and _ (hot) when summer comes.harderbetterhotterhotter第61页/共86页第六十一页，共86页。第62页/共86页第六十二页，共86页。第63页/共86页第六十三页，共86页。第64页/共86页第六十四页，共86页。 6. Lucy

33、is very short, but she is _ than her sister. A. shorter B. longer C. taller D. older 7. Frank is _ friendly than his brother. A. a little more B. a few more C. much D. a little 8. Sam is _at Chinese than Jim. A. good B. well C. better D. gooder CAC第65页/共86页第六十五页，共86页。 9. This one is too large. Can y

34、ou show me a _one? A. larger B. large C. small D. smaller 10. Do you think March is _than January? Yes, its _ warmer. A. better, a little B. well, much C. worse, very D. nicer, quite DA第66页/共86页第六十六页，共86页。Practice:(1) I am a little _ than you. (tall)(2) Tom is _ than Jack. (cool)(3) This girl is _ t

35、han that .(nice)(4) This question is _ than that one. (easy)(5) My pocket money is much _ than yours.(much)(6) She studies even _ than before.(hard)(7) He feels a lot _ than yesterday.(good)(8) My brother is _ than me.(old)(9) My country will become _. (beautiful)(10) Lily is _ than her classmates.(

36、thin)(11) I think today is _ than yesterday.(tired)注1 可修饰(xish)比较级的词有 a little 、much 、even 、a lot 等！注2 tired 的比较级与最高级特殊(tsh)在前加 more 、most第67页/共86页第六十七页，共86页。(12) He is the _ in his class.(tall) (13) Ming is my _ friend .(good)(14) Today is the _ day in this month.(hot)(15) Mr. Wang is the _ teacher

37、 .(popular)(16) I think I am the _ people in the world. ( happy)第68页/共86页第六十八页，共86页。第69页/共86页第六十九页，共86页。第70页/共86页第七十页，共86页。 第71页/共86页第七十一页，共86页。BCC第72页/共86页第七十二页，共86页。CCAB第73页/共86页第七十三页，共86页。 A. more interesting B. much interesting C. very interestingBCA第74页/共86页第七十四页，共86页。1. The bread is _ than the

38、se cakes A. very delicious B. much delicious C. more delicious D. as delicious2. Lin Tao jumped _ in the long jump in the school sports meeting A. far B. farther C. farthest D. quite far3. When they met in the hotel . They talked and laughed _A. happily B. happy C. happier D. happiestCCA第75页/共86页第七十

39、五页，共86页。 4. In our city its _ in July ,but it is even _ in August A. hotter hottest B. hot hot C. hotter hot D. hot hotter 5. Hainan is a very large Island .It is the second _ island in china. A. large B. larger C. largest D. most largest 6. An elephant is _ than a tiger . A. heavy B. very heavy C.

40、the heaviest D. heavierDCD第76页/共86页第七十六页，共86页。 7. A horse is _ than a dog . A. much heavy B. more heavier C. much heavier D. more heavy 8. Emma always makes a lot of mistakes . She is _. A. care B. careful C. carefully D. careless 9. Which subject is _ , physics or chemistry ? A. interesting B. most interesting C. more interesting D. the most interesting CDC第77页/共86页第七十七页，共86页。10. He is _ enough to carry the heavy box . A. strong B. stronger C. much stronger D. the strongest 11. Li le