M5非谓语 精简

1、1非谓语动词的形式非谓语动词的形式: : 1现在分词现在分词(-doing)=形形,副副 习惯的行为习惯的行为 动名词动名词(-doing)=名词名词 正做正做主动主动(逻辑主语与动作之间逻辑主语与动作之间, , 被修饰的词与动作之间被修饰的词与动作之间) )2过去分词过去分词(done):已做已做被动被动3不定式不定式(to do):一次性动作一次性动作将做将做目的目的解题步骤解题步骤：1找出找出被修饰的名词或逻辑主语被修饰的名词或逻辑主语；2判断判断与动作的关系与动作的关系主动用主动用-ing,被动用被动用-ed23被修饰的词与动作之间被修饰的词与动作之间呈主呈主/被动关系被动关系:1经营

2、工厂的经营工厂的人们人们: the people_ the factories =who operate the factories2打篮球的打篮球的男孩男孩: the boy _ basketball =who plays basketball3 不喜欢唱歌的不喜欢唱歌的女孩女孩: the girl _ singing =who dislikes singing 4 露西做的露西做的蛋糕蛋糕: the cake _ by Lucy =whick is made by Lucyoperatingplaying dislikingmade41如果你充分准备，你会做得很好。如果你充分准备，你会做得

3、很好。If you prepare fully, you will behave well.(同时发生同时发生:找出找出(v)原形原形加加-ing)= Preparing fully, you.2 吃完早餐后，他走进教室。吃完早餐后，他走进教室。After he had breakfast, he went into the classroom.(先发生的先发生的:用用Having done)= Having had breakfast, he.5现在分词做后置定语现在分词做后置定语They think of greedy businessmen hiding from their respo

4、nsibilities .逃避责任的商人逃避责任的商人（hiding词组词组相当于形容词，相当于形容词，修饰前面的修饰前面的businessmen）6 Theres a very long, winding path _ up to the house. (2011山东山东) A. leading B. leads C. led D. to lead解析：被修饰的名词是解析：被修饰的名词是a path,与动作与动作lead成成主动关系，故用主动关系，故用ing。高考真高考真题题7Mrs. White showed her students some maps _ from the librar

5、y. （2010全国）全国） A. to borrow B. to be borrowed C. borrowed D. borrowing解答：被修饰的词是解答：被修饰的词是maps，与动作，与动作borrow呈被动关系，故用呈被动关系，故用ed。高考真题高考真题8Listen! Do you hear someone for help? （2010湖南）湖南） A. calling B. call C. to call D. called 解析：被修饰的名词解析：被修饰的名词someone，与动作，与动作 call呈主动关系，故用呈主动关系，故用calling。词组词组hear sb do

6、ing。高考真高考真题题91 表示时间或伴随表示时间或伴随Asking around, I find many people willing to pay a little higher prices for things.（逻辑主语是（逻辑主语是I，与动作，与动作ask呈主动关系呈主动关系用用ing）=When I ask., I find.现在分词做状语现在分词做状语10表示时间或伴随表示时间或伴随“You cant catch me!” Janet shouted, _ away.A. run B. running C. to run D. ran112表示原因表示原因We are ma

7、king bigger holes in the nets, hoping to avoid catching fish that are not fully grown.（逻辑主语是（逻辑主语是we，与动作，与动作hope呈主动关呈主动关系系用用ing)=We are making., because we hope.现在分词做状语现在分词做状语12 1. It rained heavily in the south, _ serious flooding in several provinces. （2012天津）天津） A. caused B. having caused C. caus

8、ing D. to cause 解析：逻辑主语是前面代表的整个事实，与解析：逻辑主语是前面代表的整个事实，与动作动作cause呈主动关系，故用呈主动关系，故用causing。而。而flooding后发生，故排除后发生，故排除B. 高考真高考真题题13 He had a wonderful childhood, _ with his mother to all corners of the world.（2012安徽）安徽） A. travel B. to travel C. traveled D. traveling解析：逻辑主语是解析：逻辑主语是he，与动作，与动作travel呈主呈主动关系

9、，故用动关系，故用traveling。高考真高考真题题143表示结果表示结果The factory keeps releasing smoke, making the air dirty.逻辑主语是逻辑主语是the factory，与动作，与动作 make呈主动关系呈主动关系用用ing）=The factory keeps., so the factory makes.现在分词做状语现在分词做状语152. The man donated most of his savings to the school, _the students to return to their classrooms.

10、 （2010江苏）江苏） A. enabling B. having enabled C. to enable D. to have enabled解析：逻辑主语是解析：逻辑主语是man，与动作，与动作enable呈呈主动关系，故用主动关系，故用ing。164表示条件表示条件Preparing fully, we can achieve great things.（逻辑主语是（逻辑主语是we, 与动作与动作prepare呈主动关系呈主动关系用用ing ）= If we prepare., we can achieve.现在分词做状语现在分词做状语17Sit down. You will onl

11、y make yourself more tired, on your feet. (2011北北京京) A. to keep B. keeping C. having kept D. to have kept解析：逻辑主语是解析：逻辑主语是You，与动作，与动作keep呈呈主动关系，故用主动关系，故用keeping。二者之间没。二者之间没有动作先后，故不能用有动作先后，故不能用having kept。高考真高考真题题18否定式由否定式由“not + 现在分词现在分词”构成。构成。(not/never放在现在分词放在现在分词doing前）前）He sat there, not knowing

12、what to say.19现在分词做表语现在分词做表语(在系动词在系动词is后，是后，是 表语表语)This pollution is frightening.Seeing is believing.Her job is interesting.主语是主语是 物表语用物表语用-ing 人人 -ed20- What do you think of the book? - Oh, excellent. Its worth _ a second time. A. to read B. to be read C. reading D. being read 典型例题典型例题21 动名词作主语表示动名

13、词作主语表示习惯的行为习惯的行为， 不定式作主语表示不定式作主语表示具体或一次性具体或一次性动作动作.如如: Playing with fire is dangerous. （泛指玩火）（泛指玩火） To play with fire will be dangerous. （指一具体动作）（指一具体动作）-ing表示表示:习惯的行为习惯的行为22 3. _ is a good kind of exercise for both the young and the old.A. The walk B. Walking C. To walk D. Walk23句法功能句法功能主主宾宾表表定定状状补

14、补 不定式不定式动名词动名词现在分词现在分词过去分词过去分词24 Where is my passport? I remember _ it here.You shouldnt have left it here. Remember _ it with you all the time.A. to put; to take B. putting; taking C. putting; to take D. to put; takingC252. After finishing his homework he went on _ a letter to his parents.A. write

15、B. writingC. wrote D. to write D3. _ is a good kind of exercise for both the young and the old.A. The walk B. Walking C. To walk D. WalkB264. I really appreciate _ to relax with you on this nice island. A. to have had time B. having time C. to have time D. to have timeB5. In some parts of London, mi

16、ssing a bus means _ for another hour A. waiting B. to wait C. wait D. to be waitingAc. c.现在分词的形式现在分词的形式 主动主动 被动被动一般式一般式完成式完成式 doinghaving done being donehaving been done. .过去分词的形式过去分词的形式done既表被动，又表完成既表被动，又表完成 否定形式否定形式: not/never + doing not/never + done 现在分词的时态和语态现在分词的时态和语态2).当主语是这个现在分词所表示的动作对象时，当主语

17、是这个现在分词所表示的动作对象时，现在分词用被动现在分词用被动1.The question being discussed is important.2. Having been criticized by the teacher, Li Ming gave up smoking.1).1.Being a student, he was interested in books.2. Having studied in the universities for 3 years, he knows the place very much.现在分词的一般式的动作表示和谓语动作（几乎）现在分词的一般式

18、的动作表示和谓语动作（几乎）同时发生同时发生现在分词的动作发生在谓语动作现在分词的动作发生在谓语动作之前之前，用完成式，用完成式强调分词的动作发生在谓语动作之前，用现在分词完成式强调分词的动作发生在谓语动作之前，用现在分词完成式= criticizedEx. _(study) hard, youll make your mark. _( live) in the city for 20 years,he knows it quite well. That building _( repair) is our library.1)_ _(heat) to high temperature, th

19、e metal was cooled in the air.Having livedStudyingbeing repairedHaving been heated = Heated 301、动名词做主语、动名词做主语1. Laying eggs is the ant queens full-time job.2. It is no use arguing with him.3. Her swimming has improved since she started training every day.eg:1. He has finished writing the composition

20、. 2. I like swimming2、动名词做宾语、动名词做宾语A. A. 作及物动词的宾语作及物动词的宾语( (stand(stand(忍受忍受), admit, dislike, imagine, delay, ), admit, dislike, imagine, delay, considerconsider（考虑）（考虑）, mind, understand, , mind, understand, avoid, enjoy, practise, missavoid, enjoy, practise, miss（错过）（错过）, finish, , finish, keep,

21、suggest, appreciatekeep, suggest, appreciate（欣赏，感激）（欣赏，感激）, , escape, risk, denyescape, risk, deny（否认）（否认）, allow, forbid, allow, forbid, objectobject反对反对,succeed,succeed等等) )321. be used 1. be used to to doingdoing 习惯于做习惯于做; ;2. lead 2. lead toto导致导致; ;3. look forward 3. look forward toto doing doi

22、ng 盼望做盼望做; ; 4. devote one4. devote ones life life toto doing doing 致力于做致力于做; ; 5. spend time (5. spend time (in) in) doingdoing 花时间做花时间做; ;6. feel like doing6. feel like doing 欲想做欲想做; ; 7. have some difficulty/trouble (7. have some difficulty/trouble (in) in) doingdoing 做做某事有困难某事有困难; ; 8. be busy 8

23、. be busy (in) (in) doingdoing 忙于做忙于做; ; B. B. 作某些词组的宾语作某些词组的宾语331. 1. be fond be fond of of doingdoing 喜爱做喜爱做; ; 2. 2. be good be good atat doing doing 擅长做擅长做; ; 3. 3. be proud be proud ofof doing doing 为做为做而自豪而自豪; ; 4. 4. be tired be tired ofof doing doing 对做对做感到厌倦感到厌倦; ; 5. 5. insist insist onon坚

24、持要做坚持要做; ; 6. 6. keep keep onon doing doing 不停地做不停地做; ; 7. 7. what what aboutabout doing doing 做做怎么样怎么样; ; 8. 8. think think ofof doing doing 考虑做考虑做; ; 9. 9. be interested be interested inin doing doing 对做对做感兴趣感兴趣; ; 10. 10. instead instead ofof doing doing 做做而不做而不做C. C. 作介词的宾语作介词的宾语34 在在allow, advi

25、se, forbid, permitallow, advise, forbid, permit等动词后直接等动词后直接跟动词做宾语跟动词做宾语时，要用时，要用动名词动名词；如果；如果有名词有名词或代词做宾语或代词做宾语，然后再跟动词做宾语补足语，然后再跟动词做宾语补足语，其其宾语补足语用带宾语补足语用带toto的不定式的不定式。lWe dont allow smoking here. lWe dont allow students to smoke. lStudents are not allowed to smoke.Tip1Tip135 动词动词need, want, require ne

26、ed, want, require 作作“需要需要”之意之意时，其后跟动词作它的宾语时，必须用时，其后跟动词作它的宾语时，必须用动名词形式动名词形式，或，或不定式的被动式不定式的被动式。这时，。这时，动名词的主动式表示被动意义。动名词的主动式表示被动意义。（主语不能做后面所说之事（主语不能做后面所说之事)我的汽车需要修理了。我的汽车需要修理了。 u My car needs/wants/requires My car needs/wants/requires repairing.repairing. My car needs/wants/requires My car needs/wants/

27、requires to be repairedto be repaired. .Tip2Tip236Tip3Tip3: :有些动词有些动词 后面既可以接不定式作宾语，后面既可以接不定式作宾语，也可以接动名词作宾语也可以接动名词作宾语, , 意义意义差别大差别大。regretforgetremember to do: regretforgetremember to do: 抱歉抱歉 忘记忘记 记住要做某事记住要做某事regret forgetremember doing:regret forgetremember doing: 后悔后悔 忘记忘记 记住做了某事记住做了某事try to do: t

28、ry to do: 努力做某事努力做某事try doingtry doing：尝试做某事尝试做某事stop to do:stop to do:停下来做某事停下来做某事 stop dong: stop dong: 停止做某事停止做某事go on to do: go on to do: 继续做另一件事继续做另一件事 go on doing: go on doing: 继续做同一件事继续做同一件事mean to do: mean to do: 打算做某事打算做某事mean doing: mean doing: 意味着做某事意味着做某事cant help doing sth: 忍不住做。忍不住做。ca

29、nt help (to) do :不能帮忙做。不能帮忙做。381. Please remember _ (hand) in your homework tomorrow.2. He remembered _ (lock) the door. He was not worried.3. He forgot _ (tell) me the news. So I didnt know.4. He forgot _ (tell) me the news. He told me again. 5. When he saw me, he stopped _ (say) hello to me.6. Whe

30、n he saw his mother, the baby stopped _ (cry).to handlockingto telltellingto saycrying397. It was raining hard, but he went on _ (work) in the fields.8. He went on _ (do) another experiment.9. He tried _ (improve) his appearance in order to get a part in the film.10. He tried _ (eat) less to lose we

31、ight after he failed by running five kilometers a day.11. She cant help _ (clean) the house because shes busy making a cake.12. I cant help _ (carry) the box for you, as Im too tired.13. I cant help _ (cry).workingto doto improveeating(to) clean(to) carrycrying40句法功能句法功能主主宾宾表表定定状状补补 不定式不定式动名词动名词现在分词

32、现在分词过去分词过去分词41现在分词现在分词现在分词是由现在分词是由“动词原形动词原形+ing”构成，在功能上具有构成，在功能上具有形容词或形容词或副词副词的特点。的特点。42现在分词做定语现在分词做定语 现在分词可用于名词前，用来修饰该名词，功现在分词可用于名词前，用来修饰该名词，功能上相当于形容词。能上相当于形容词。This will have a lasting effect. （现在分词（现在分词lasting做定语，修饰名词做定语，修饰名词effect，相当于形容词），相当于形容词） 有时还可将副词置于现在分词之前，修饰现在有时还可将副词置于现在分词之前，修饰现在分词。分词。That

33、 was an extremely interesting speech. （副词（副词extremely修饰现在分词修饰现在分词interesting）43 现在分词短语用于名词后，用来修饰该名现在分词短语用于名词后，用来修饰该名词，功能上相当于形容词。此时现在分词短词，功能上相当于形容词。此时现在分词短语可以改写为定语从句。语可以改写为定语从句。People running these factories are very concerned about the environment.（现在分（现在分词短语词短语running用于名词用于名词people后做定语，后做定语，用来修饰该名词

34、。）用来修饰该名词。）= People who run these factories are very concerned about the environment.44过去分词过去分词规则动词的过去分词是由规则动词的过去分词是由“动词原形动词原形 + -ed”构成，不规则动词的过去分词没有构成，不规则动词的过去分词没有统一的构成规则。在功用上，过去分统一的构成规则。在功用上，过去分词具有形容词和副词的特点。词具有形容词和副词的特点。45过去分词做定语过去分词做定语 过去分词可用于名词前，用来修饰该名词，过去分词可用于名词前，用来修饰该名词，功能上相当于形容词，此时相当于一个定语从功能上相

35、当于形容词，此时相当于一个定语从句。句。 If I had the chance, I would have a cloned baby.（过去分词（过去分词cloned做定语，修饰名词做定语，修饰名词baby，相，相当于形容词，可以用定语从句当于形容词，可以用定语从句who is cloned来来替换）替换）= If I had the chance, I would have a baby who is cloned.46 大多数的过去分词表示被动含义，但也有大多数的过去分词表示被动含义，但也有一些过去分词用来表示动作已完成，如一些过去分词用来表示动作已完成，如escaped, retir

36、ed 和和fallen等。比较下列短语：等。比较下列短语： the highly praised scientist （过去分词（过去分词praised修饰名词修饰名词scientist，用来，用来表示被动含义表示被动含义“被赞扬的被赞扬的”） the retired scientist （过去分词（过去分词retired修饰名词修饰名词scientist，用来，用来表示动作已完成，意为表示动作已完成，意为“已退休的已退休的”）471. Dont use words, expressions, or phrases _ only to people with specific knowledg

37、e. A. being known B. having been known C. to be known D. known2. The first textbooks _ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A. having written B. to be written C. being written D. writtenDD典型例题典型例题48 过去分词短语一般用于名词后，用来修饰该过去分词短语一般用于名词后，用来修饰该名词，功能上相当于形容词，相当于定语从名词，功能上相当

38、于形容词，相当于定语从句。句。I think the scientific advances mentioned in your article are interesting.（过去分词（过去分词mentioned in your article用于名用于名词词advances后，做定语用来修饰该名词，相后，做定语用来修饰该名词，相当于定语从句当于定语从句that are mentioned in your article。）。）= I think the scientific advances that are mentioned in your article are interesti

39、ng.49Prices of daily goods _ through a computer can be lower than store prices. （ 2002 北京春）北京春） A. are bought B. bought C. been bought D. buying解析：解析：B 。空白处填入。空白处填入 bought，bought through a computer为过去分词短语作定为过去分词短语作定语，它相当于定语从句语，它相当于定语从句“ which are bought ”。高考真题高考真题50So far nobody has claimed the mone

40、y in the library. （2010湖南）湖南） A. discovered B. to be discovered C. discovering D. having discovered答案：答案：A解析：该空在句中作后置定语修饰解析：该空在句中作后置定语修饰the money，根据，根据the money与与discover的被动关的被动关系，排除系，排除C、D两项。两项。B项表示的是项表示的是“将要将要被发现被发现”的意思，根据句意可判断选的意思，根据句意可判断选A项。项。高考真题高考真题51The players _ from the whole country are ex

41、pected to bring us honor in this summer game. (2011湖南湖南) A. selecting B. to select C. selected D. having selected解析：分析句子结构可知，解析：分析句子结构可知，“_ from the whole country”是分词短语作后置定是分词短语作后置定语修饰语修饰the players，再结合语境可知此处，再结合语境可知此处表示表示“被挑选出来的被挑选出来的”，故用过去分词，故用过去分词短语作后置定语，故答案为短语作后置定语，故答案为C。高考真题高考真题现在分词与过去分词现在分词与过去

42、分词, ,不定式不定式 作定语的区别作定语的区别过去分词过去分词做定语与其修饰词之间是做定语与其修饰词之间是动动宾关系（被动）宾关系（被动）或过去分词表示的或过去分词表示的动作动作已完成已完成。现在分词现在分词作定语表示作定语表示动作正在发生动作正在发生，与修饰词是与修饰词是主谓关系（主动）主谓关系（主动）。不定式不定式作定语表示作定语表示将要发生的动作将要发生的动作。the house the house being built being built / / toto bebe built built / / builtbuilt正在被建正在被建 / /将要被建将要被建 / /建好了建好了

43、的房子的房子 不定式不定式, ,动名词与分词作定语动名词与分词作定语: :He spent up to 1000 yuan on the _(书桌书桌).The library _(修建修建)last year is modern. _(修建修建)now _(修建修建)next year3. I dont think theres anything _(担心担心).4. Have you found a bed _(睡觉睡觉).5. “Have you got anything _(打打),sir?”asked the secretary.6. Shes always the first _(

44、到校到校).7. Listen! The song _(正在唱正在唱) is very popular with the students.8. The picture _(挂挂) on the wall is painted by my nephew.9. Harvard, _(创办创办)in 1636 , is one of the most famous universities in the US.10. Prices of daily goods _(买买) through a computer can be lower than store prices.writing deskb

45、uiltbeing builtto be builtto worry aboutto sleep onto be typedto get to schoolbeing sunghangingfoundedbought54过去分词做表语过去分词做表语My grandfather was delighted to hear I passed my exams.（过去分词（过去分词delighted用在系动词用在系动词was后做表语。）后做表语。）55As we joined the big crowd I got _ from my friends. （ NMET 2001 ） A. separa

46、ted B. spared C. lost D. missed解析：解析：A。此题中的。此题中的got + separated表表示状态，示状态， separated 为过去分词作表语。为过去分词作表语。get/ be separated 常与常与 from 连用，故答连用，故答案为案为 A 。高考真题高考真题56 In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained _ abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud. （2010福建）福建） A. sticking B. stuck C. to be stuckD. to ha

47、ve stuck答案：答案：B解析：解析：remain做系动词时，后面常接过做系动词时，后面常接过去分词作表语。去分词作表语。高考真题高考真题571. The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain _ as the plane was making a landing. A. seat B. seating C. seated D. to be seating2. - Im very _ with my own cooking. It looks nice and smells delicious. - Mm. It does ha

48、ve a _ smell. A. pleasant; pleased B. pleased; pleased C. pleasant; pleasant D. pleased; pleasantCD典型例题典型例题58过去分词做宾语补足语过去分词做宾语补足语After the robbery, they found the front windows broken.（过去分词（过去分词broken做宾语补足语，做宾语补足语，补充说明宾语补充说明宾语windows）59过去分词短语表示时间过去分词短语表示时间Seen from the top of the hill, the city look

49、s more beautiful. （过去分词短语（过去分词短语Seen from the top of the hill用来表示时间，表示与主句动作同时用来表示时间，表示与主句动作同时发生）发生）= When the city is seen from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful. 60过去分词短语表示原因过去分词短语表示原因Shocked by the article, the woman wrote a letter to the newspaper.（过去分词短语（过去分词短语shocked by the art

50、icle用来用来表示主句中动作的原因，可以和表示主句中动作的原因，可以和because引引导原因状语从句互换）导原因状语从句互换）= The woman wrote a letter to the newspaper because she was shocked by the article.61过去分词短语表示条件过去分词短语表示条件Treated with electricity, the cell tissue will split into several parts.（过去分词短语（过去分词短语treated with electricity表示主句中动作实现的条件，可以和表示主句

51、中动作实现的条件，可以和if 引导的条件状语从句互换）引导的条件状语从句互换）= If it is treated with electricity, the cell tissue will split into several parts.62_ into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order. (2011天津天津) A. Translating B. Translated C. To translate D. Having translated解析：句子的主语解析：句子的主语the

52、 sentence与与translate之间为逻辑上的被动关系，所以用过去分之间为逻辑上的被动关系，所以用过去分词。句子意思是词。句子意思是“如果翻译成英语，就会如果翻译成英语，就会发现这个句子有完全不同的语序。发现这个句子有完全不同的语序。”高考真题高考真题63过去分词短语表示过去分词短语表示伴随情伴随情况或方式况或方式The trainer appeared, followed by six little dogs. He walked up and down the room, lost in thought. Filled with extraordinary strength, he

53、 raised himself. 64通常情况下，过去分词的逻辑主语和通常情况下，过去分词的逻辑主语和句子的主语一致。句子的主语一致。The scientist has copied a human cell, assisted by recent advances in medical science.（过去分词（过去分词assisted的逻辑主语即句子的逻辑主语即句子的主语的主语the scientist）65Shocked by the article, the woman wrote a letter to the newspaper. （过去分词（过去分词shocked的逻辑主语即句

54、子的的逻辑主语即句子的主语主语the woman）Treated with electricity, the cell tissue will split into several parts.（过去分词（过去分词treated的逻辑主语即句子的的逻辑主语即句子的主语主语the cell tissue）66 The murderer was brought in, with his hands _ behind his back.（2006全国）全国） A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied解析：解析： 句意是：句意是：他他被押进来

55、，被押进来，手被人绑在手被人绑在身后。相当于：身后。相当于：, with his hands which was tied behind his back.。 所以应该选所以应该选D。高考真题高考真题67句法功能句法功能主主宾宾表表定定状状补补 不定式不定式动名词动名词现在分词现在分词过去分词过去分词68全国各地高考非谓语动词考题 1. The storm left, _a lot of damage to this area.(全国全国) A. causedB. to have causedC. to causeD. having caused2. _, the more expensive

56、 the camera, the better its quality. (全全国国)A. general speakingB. Speaking generalC. Generally speakingD. Speaking generally3. “You cant catch me!” Janet shouted, _ away. (全国全国)A. runB. runningC. to runD. ran4. Its necessary to be prepared for a job interview. _ the answers ready will be of great hel

57、p.(北京北京)A. To have hadB. Having had C. HaveD. Having5. When asked by the police, he said that he remembered _ at the party, but not _. (北京北京) A. to arrive; leavingB. to arrive; to leave C. arriving; leavingD. arriving; to leave演练DCBDC696. The prize of the game show is $30,000 and all expenses _ vaca

58、tion to China. (北京)A. payingB. paidC. to be paidD. being paid7. He got well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldnt risk _the good opportunity. (上海)A. to loseB. losingC. to be lostD. being lost8. _into use in April 2000, the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and hearing supply b

59、reakdowns. (上海)A. PutB. PuttingC. Having putD. Being put9. It was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just _ a look at the sports stars. (上海)A. hadB. havingC. to haveD. have10. More and more people are signing up for Yoga classes nowadays, _ advantage of the health and

60、relaxation benefits. (上海)A. takingB. takenC. having taken D. having been takenBBACA7011. At last, we found ourselves in a pleasant park with trees providing shade and _ down to eat our picnic lunch. (上海)A. sittingB. having satC. to sitD. sat12. You should understand the traffic rule by now. You have