医学免疫学复习资料：试卷D和答案

1、苏州大学免疫学D卷 一、选择题 （共10题 每题1分）1免疫对机体 A有利 B有害 C有利又有害 D无利也无害 E正常情况下有利，某些条件下有害2宿主的天然抵抗力 A经遗传而获得 B感染病原微生物而获得 C接种菌苗或疫苗而获得 D母体的抗体(IgG)通过胎盘给婴儿而获得 E给宿主转输致敏巴细胞而获得 3.下列哪种物质本身没有免疫原性？ A、非聚合可溶性抗原 B、抗体 C、补体 D、半抗原 E、细菌多糖45种免疫球蛋白的划分是根据 AH链和L链均不同 BV区不同 CL链不同 DH链不同 E连接H链的二硫键位置和数目不同 5体液补体抑制因子是 AC1q BIgG1 CIL2 DH因子 EB因子 6

2、补体 A具有相应受体 B具有抗感染作用 C经典途径成分包括C19 D体液补体抑制因子中包括H因子 E以上均正确 7具有调理作用的是 A抗原 B抗原和补体 C抗体和补体 D补体 E. 抗体 8关于细胞因子 A细胞因子是由细胞产生的 B单一细胞因子可具有多种生物学活性 C细胞因子可以自分泌和旁分泌两种方式发挥作用 D细胞因子的作用不是孤立存在的 E以上均正确 9下列英文缩写含义正确的是 AEPO-血小板生成素 BIL-白细胞介素 CSCF-肿瘤坏死因子 DTNF-集落刺激因子 ECSF-干细胞生长因子 10.NK细胞 A.能完成TCR基因的重排 B.不受IFN的影响C.杀伤效果与靶细胞表面的1类M

3、HC分子表达水平成正比D.能杀伤某些被病毒感染的细胞 E.能杀伤所有被病毒感染的细胞二、名词解释 (每题5 分,共50 分 请用英文回答)1. SAg2.adjuvants 3. ELISA 4. TSA5. TH16CD7. TLR8CDR9.NK cell10. primary lymphoid organs 三、问答题 （共40分）1 抗体通过哪些方式排斥和清除抗原？ （8分）2 详述T-D抗原引起B细胞活化的信号要求？（10分）3 体液应答的一般规律和意义（12分）4 I型超敏反应的发病机制并列举出三种常见疾病。（10分）答案：一、EADDD ECEBD 二、名词解释：1Super a

4、ntigens: Some protein products of bacteria and viruses produce proteins known as super-antigens that bind to lateral surface of MHCII molecules (not in the peptide binding groove) and the V region of the b subunit of the TCR. These antigens are not processed into peptides as conventional antigens, b

5、ut are able to bind to a specific family of TCR.2. Adjuvants: nonliving vaccines, especially those consisting of small molecules require the inclusion of agents to enhance their effectiveness. These agents (adjuvants) include microbial, synthetic and endogenous preparations having adjuvant activity.

6、 3. ELISA: enzyme-linked immunoabsobant assays. Principle: Unknown Ag attached to a solid surface capture the Ab with which some special enzyme was linked. The enzyme-linked Ab will reacts with some special substrate to show special color which could be used for quantitation of unknown Ag.4. TSA (tu

7、mor specific antigens): unique to tumor cells but are rare.5. TH1: CD4 + T Helper cells (TH) are further divided into 2 main classes, TH1 and TH2, and maturation into these types is determined by the microenvironment. TH1 cells are stimulated to mature due to the presence of bacteria, viruses, fungi

8、, protozoa. They stimulate macrophage activation, and support maturation of Cytotoxic T cells. They release IL-2, IFN-Y, TNF-B, and are linked to cell mediated inflammation, and Delayed Type Hypersensitivity. Activate macrophages and cytotoxic T cells to aggressively ingest antigen and to kill inges

9、ted microbes.6CD: cell surface molecules can be recognized by particular monoclonal antibodies. All of the mAbs that react with a particular membrane molecule are grouped together as a cluster of differentiation (CD).7. Toll like receptors (TLR)Toll like receptors are a family of proteins of which t

10、here are at least 5 known members.Using TLRs, innate immune cells can detect and respond to infection by recognizing conserved motifs of microbes. TLRs transmit signals about microbial constituents to the nucleus, thus regulating the type of genes expressed, and the subsequent response.8. CDRs: At t

11、he amino acid level, the variable region of antibody is comprised of three regions of extreme variability (hyervarible region). They are called complementarity-determining regions, or CDRs.9. NK cells belong to lymphocyte family. But in contrast to all T and B lymphocytes, NK cell do not express ant

12、igen-specific receptors and do not possess the adaptive property of memory cell development: they are there for considered to form part of the innate immune system.However, like Tc, their main function is to kill infected cell and tumor cells using similar mechanism to those of Tc cells to induce ap

13、optosis of their targets.NK cell are also able to kill targets coated with IgG via their receptor for IgG. This property is referred to as ADCC.10. Primary lymphoid organs: Lymphoid organs include primary (bone marrow & thymus) and secondary lymphoid organs and tissues (lymphoid nodes、spleen、MALT)Primary lymphoid organs are the place where lymphocytes develop and mature. Lymphocytes includes B cell and T cell, respectively originating from bone marrow and thymus and mediates humoral and cellular immunity.三、问答题 （共40分）1 抗体通过哪些方式排斥和清除抗原？ （8分）答案： 可变区：中和作用（2）恒定区：活化补体（2） ADCC（2） 调理作用（2）2 详述T-D抗原引