第1章电磁场与电磁波的基本原理

1、第一章 电磁场与电磁波的基本原理ntcoscoscosuuuulxyz Gugrad u xyzaaaxyz SA dS xyzAAAdivAAxyz SVA dSA dV LA dl xyzxyzaaarotAAxyzAAA LSA dlAdS RaRqE204=ERzddEdEdERzddEdEzrcos4=cos=0=sin4=sin=20202csccscsinrRrzzrctgdzrd ， Rz、=dzdqE() , ,r z() , ,r z() , ,0 0zldrRzddEdrRzddEzr0200204cos=cos4=4sin=sin4=2121002211004444si

2、ncoscoscossinsinrzEd r rEd r rrEr02=0=zE02rEar12 0=EDED=0=rr-90110 (/)36F m=BHHB=0=rr-70410H/m（）001=CEJJc=HIIdJdD dt=HE LsH dlIJ dS() cdcdLSH dliiiJJdS SdeB dSdteeEBmmsB dSm LsdEd lBd Sd tmLdeEd ld t qqsVDdSqdV sVVSDdSqdVdVdS自 由 电 荷束 缚 体 电 荷束 缚 面 电 荷mBm0mSB dS0SB dSEDHBED=HB=SD dSSB dSqDEBHmeIcJEsVD

3、d Sd V0sBdS LSBEd ld St cLSDHd lJd StqDm0Be BEtI cDHJ +tzayaxazyx+= ugrad u AdivA ArotA 第一章 电磁场与电磁波的基本原理1221sinsinnn12E1tE2tE1E2E21 LSBE dldSt12ttE= EL12-ttlHHJHlJH cLSDHd lJd St12ttHH1tH2tH21L12-nnsDDD12nnDD1nD2nD1D2D21SsVDd Sd VsB1nB2nB21S0SB dS12nnB= B1052032xyE = 10a +20a V/m121DDE、2D111050ttDE1

4、DDE1x1t2tE = E = E =10V/m1120=ynnDDD601110()2txnyxyDD aD a50a60a c/m1E111xyED 10a12a V/m22220()xyDE30a60a c/mHE、222 1122SVVEHdSHEdVE dVt()HES=jte0jtEE x y z tEx y z e( , , , )( , , )E12SEH*jtjtxxyyzzxxyyzzEa Ea Ea Ea Ea Ea EeEeRe()RejtjtxxyyzzxxyyzzHa Ha Ha Ha Ha Ha H eHeRe()ReH12PSEH*Re()ReE0BBtE c

5、DHJtD0B0EcHJ 0E DDEEH、DSVD dSqdVDDElBRARlARBRr2SD dSDrll2rDar2rDEarEra2.3r-()BABABAE dlU0LE dl4qr- Egrad u DDE2() 2222222xyzE E 20 0，E12-nnSDDE120-nnSEE 12ttEE12nnDDD12-nnSDD21/E1212tgtg/10tE 20tE S1tE2tE1E2E211212tgtg/1212ttEE1 21E2221100( / )( /26 ) 20014tg tg tg.6 . 2=r2500v/mE=EED28=1212tgtg/12t

6、tEE1122EEsinsin2112/250020 /86150V/msinsinsinsinEE-9-8222211061505438 1036D EC m.) F ( =UQUQC两导体间的电位差电荷电量两导体带（等量）异性) F ( =QQC电位该导体的电量QELUEdlCQU/2rEar2(ln)2lnblCQUlbaa/ln2brabUE d r alab（无源） 0=D（无旋） 0= t/ -=BESJ dS00SB dS/ t0J 0BJEEJ=0E0JJEJ0=2J12nnJJJ12ttEEE2121/=/tgtg2121/=/tgtg0=2J0=21nnJJ12/1tE2t

7、E211212tgtg/1212ttEE1E2E120 1J0EDE0EJE20201212tgtg/0 ()D无源0 ()J电流连续性12ttEE12ttEE12nnDD12nnJJ1212tgtg/SqD dSSIJ dSJD ，GC电导电容RCG=GR/ 1=2() (s/m)GIUba/ ln/(2)rJIrla/(2)rEJIr a/(2)(2)()bbaaUE drIrdrIrba/ln/0 0B cHJDt/ HB=0=J0H0E0B 0DHB=ED=0 =02 4rVJaBdVrBA= 汛E 0 4VJAdVrJrA0 4xxVJAdVr0 4yyVJAdVr0 4zzVJAd

8、Vr01 4VdVrABA 20AJ 20 xxAJ 20yyAJ 20zzAJ 20 0A ABAAJ=2 E-=2 2121=tgtg12tttHHJ21=nnBB21=ttHH21=nnBB1tH2tH211212tgtg/1212ttHH20122H1221= MM电流（该回路）磁通（穿过闭合回路）=LHAWb=/ILm/=ImmmrDILln=/=01D=0= EED=J =0= EEJ=0=BJH=HB=tDJc / +=（无源）0= D（无源）0= H LEd lE/-= 204VJAdVrAB=JA02 -=)=/(/= FVCUQC电容GRCG/1=静电比拟)=/(/= HAWbI