大学体验英语第三版unit3答案及译文

1、大学体验英语第三版unit3Listen and TalkKey :1. competing; 2. variety; 3. choose; 4. drink; 5. consumers;6. compare; 7. make decisions; 8. respond; 9. Pollution 10. ProvidesPassage ARead the Text: The Ad Council at a GlanceThink About It1 Answer:Yes, of course. For example, I have learned from one ad saying th

2、atdifferent kinds of used cans and bottles should be thrown into different dustbins so as to help classify them for recycling. Not only did I myself do so, I also asked other people to follow the advice.s health. 2 Answer:Here are some examples: Smoking is dangerous for people' For the safety of

3、 your family and yourself, drive carefully.3 Answer:Yes, I do. They help raise people' s awarenesos mofe s public concerns.For instance, nowadays people have become much more conscious aboutenvironment protection and public service campaigns play a big part in it.Read and think1. Work with your

4、partner and answer the following questions1 Answer: The Ad Council is a public service organization that helps to solve the mostpressing social issues.2 Answer:They can raise peoples awareness, inspire individuals to take action, and savelives.3 Answer: The purpose of UNCF is to help minority studen

5、ts to graduate from college.4 Answer:They remind people of wearing safety belts.5 Answer: Public service advertisements play an important role in society. They can help people raise awareness of environmental protection, reduce traffic accidents, save water and energy, etc.Read and think2. Decide wh

6、ether the following statements are true (T) or false (F) according to the passage.Anwser : 1.F, 2.F, 3.T, 4.T, 5.TLanguage FocusRead and complete3. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.Anwser : 1.economic2. estimated3. measurable4. inspired5. maximize6. moti

7、vate7. created8. distribute9. concerning 10. AbusesRead and complete4. Complete the following sentences with phrases or expressions from the passage. Changethe form where necessary.Anwser : 1. by name2. identify, with3. participate in4. speak for5. take, actionRead and complete5. Fill in each blank

8、with a word from Passage A according to the definition given in the brackets. The number of the paragraph in which the target word appears is also supplied in the brackets. Change the form where necessary.Anwser : 1. awareness2. recruiting 3. motivate 4. concerning 5. AdoptRead and translate6. Trans

9、late the following sentences into English.1. 我发现量入为出地过日子越来越难了。 (increasingly)Answer:I find it increasingly difficult to live within my income.2. 现代政治家们都试图以电视讲话来影响普通百姓。 (reach out)Answer:Modern politicians try to reach out to ordinary people in their TV speeches.3. 应该帮助学生对人生采取积极的态度。 (adopt)Answer:Pup

10、ils should be helped to adopt a positive attitude to life.4. 希望全班同学参加这些讨论。 (participate in)Answer:Everyone in the class is expected to participate in these discussions.5. 如果你犯了罪就必须受到惩罚。 (crime)Answer:If you commit a crime you must expect to be punished.Read and simulate7. Read and compare the Englis

11、h sentences, paying attention to the italicized parts andtranslate the Chinese sentences by simulating the structure of the English sentences.1 Answer:Youmay not know how a computer works,but you do know that it is an inseparable partin our daily life.2 Answer:Computers are more thana calculating to

12、ol they enable people to do a lot more things,such as searching for information, communicating with friends online, shopping via the Internet, etc.3 Answer: Since the cartoonwas introduced tothe Asian market, more and more young peoplehave become his fans.4 Answer:She feels that hermission in life i

13、s to help old peopleHence , we need more police to protect5 Answer:Crime has been on the increase in recent months.us.Write about it9. Write a short passage of around 80 words explaining the functions of public service advertisements. The following two points should be included and the possible key

14、words and phrases are given to help youReference KeyPublic service advertising plays a very important role in every country. It usually targets at one of the most pressing social issues. Different kinds of public service advertisements are created to raise awareness, inspire people to act in an upri

15、ght, moral way and engage in philanthropy. Theymotivate people to join in social struggle between good and evil.In the Internet age, advertising has been developing fast along with the advancement of information technology. To remain committed and vigilant in establishing a foothold for public servi

16、ce advertising in a rapidly changing media landscape, we need more and better public service advertisements广告委员会剪影你可能不太清楚我们的名字，不过你肯定知道我们。59 年来，广告委员会为美国创作了大量公益广告，出手及时，令人信服。我们提出的口号和创作的形象不仅令人难忘，而且能引起广泛关注，激励人们 采取行动，挽救了无数的生命。广告委员会的作品所产生的久远影响，以及所引发的积极社会变革，由以 下的结果可见一斑：95%的成年人和 77%的儿童都知道黑熊斯莫奇和它那充满智慧的名言：“只有你

17、才能预防森林火 灾”。始于 1944 年的“黑熊斯莫奇预防森林火灾运动”，持续时间之长，知名度之大，在公益广告运动 史上尚属罕见。广告委员会发起了“是朋友就不让朋友酒后驾车”的运动后，70%的美国人都劝阻过别人酒后不要驾车。 1998 年美国与酗酒有关的伤亡人数是 15 935 ，是美国交通运输部有史以来最低的一年，而这条广 告语是美国最广为人知的反酒后驾车的口号。 从 1972年开始，“联合黑人大学基金会”（ UNCF）就一直提醒着美国人，“天才可贵，岂容浪 费”。基金会筹集了 14 亿多美元，资助 300 000 多名少数民族学生读完大学。撞车测试假人文斯和拉里于 1985 年与美国公众见

18、面后，使用安全带的比率从21%增加到 70%，挽救了大约 75 000 人的生命。1942 年，首次出现了公益广告这个类别，自那时起，广告委员会在我们这个不断变化的社会中扮演 着越来越关键的角色。战时广告委员会是一个私人建立的非盈利性机构，成立的初衷是为与二战有关的活动募集资助。战 时广告委员会发起了很多公益广告运动，通过战时公债筹集了 350亿美元，鼓励人们开发了 50 000 000 个战时菜园，告诫人们“一言不慎，千帆尽沉”，通过感染力极强的铆工罗奇的形象，吸收了 2 000 000 名女性加入劳动大军。二战结束后，总统要求战时广告委员会继续存在下去，以和平时期的公益广告机构 的身份，帮

19、助解决当时迫在眉睫的社会问题，因此广告委员会应运而生。广告委员会的使命是精心挑选出若干重大社会问题，通过传播方案，激励人们采取相应的行动，在 一定程度上改变社会现状。为了达到这个目的，广告委员会募集了广告业和传播业的精英志愿工作者，利 用媒体的设施，以及工商业界和非营利团体的资源，来提高公民的意识，促进理解，激发行动。作为美国 公益广告界最重要的制作者，广告委员会发起的公益广告运动超过 1 000 项，内容涉及制止犯罪和滥用毒 品等重大问题，也使全美人民注意到虐待儿童、垃圾回收、艾滋病等问题。 1995 年，为了最大限度地发 挥所有这些运动的影响力，广告委员会的董事会一致投票决定采取一项新的倡

20、议，为期十年，来帮助不能 为自己说话的美国人 美国儿童。该项行动名为“承诺 2000”，目的是提高认识，激励个人采取积 极行动，使美国儿童能有更好的机会来充分发挥他们的潜力。根据尼尔森网络测评公司的排名，在过去的两年中，广告委员会在互联网广告商中的排名一般都在前25 位， 2000 年的显示量约为 110 亿次。广告委员会的网站 上介绍了所有的这些运动。 广告委员会保证，要在这个瞬息万变的传媒世界，为公益广告建立一个立足之地，并且忠于职守，保持警 觉。9月 11日惨剧之后，美国人极为悲痛，恐惧心理挥之不去，信仰开始动摇，安全受到威胁，经济下 降更趋严重。广告委员会主动联系联邦政府及美国重要的非

21、营利机构，提出创作与危机相关的公益广告， 在全国媒体播出。这些新广告的设计理念是教育和激励全体美国人民积极行动起来，使美国人民坚强起来， 为最终战胜恐怖主义贡献力量。Passage BThink About It:1. Have you ever benefited from pubic service advertisements?Answer: Some of the advantages of advertisements are: a more efficient way to promote products for manufacturers (e.g. launching new

22、 products, promotion sales); quicker access to potential customers (e.g. advertising on radio and TV, in newspapers andmagazines, through ad brochures and instruction sheets, etc); convenient for comparing prices and specifications of the commodities advertised by different suppliers; real-time info

23、rmation sources (e.g. information of job vacancies);a quick and strong means of public service education (e.g. public service advertisements about AIDS, cancer). Some of the disadvantages of advertisements are: misleading and false information and claims (e.g. exaggeration of the quality of the prom

24、otedproducts); negative influence on people ' s mind and health (e.g. alcohol and tobacco advertising).2. Can you mention one or two slogans from public service advertisements?Answer:I would agree with what happens with regards to emotions. If an ad is capable of striking aconsumer right at the

25、heart of his emotions, it' s got to be effective. This is why manufacturers areplaying on emotions in all of their promotional activities. Emotions are hard influencers and we all feel them so we are a weak target for advertising people.3. Do you think public service campaigns necessary? Answer:

26、Open. Reference points: Many highly promoted healthy products sales turn out to be cheating. People who look for bargain salesusually feel disappointed and cheated in the end.Read and think1. Work with your partner and answer the following questions.1. Where are most advertisements placed in a newsp

27、aper and why?Answer: They are placed in the classified sections because it is more economical to do so.2. How are advertisements and sports events connected?Answer:By acting as sponsors for sports, large companies make their products known to the consumers whereas sports get financial support for de

28、velopment.3. Why does an employer prefer to use advertisement in a newspaper to recruit employees?Answer: Since advertisement is one of the most efficient methods to reach potential employees in a country, an employer can select the best of the job seekers.4. What is the most common form of abuse of

29、 advertisement according to the passage?Answer:Misleading the public is the most common form of abuse of advertisement.5. How do TV commercials manage to attract the attention of the viewers?Answer: It tries to attract the attention of the viewers by bombarding them with relentless advertisement.Rea

30、d and complete2. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F) according to the passage.Anwser : 1.T, 2.F, 3.T, 4.T, 5.F3. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.Anwser : 1.bargain 2. discard 3. sponsor 4.reveal 5. destructive6. abuse7. aut

31、horities8. economical9. staged10. EliminateRead and translate5. Translate the following sentences into English.1. 儿子的死让老妇人变得麻木痴呆了。 (numb)Answer:The old woman was numbed by her son' s death.2. 身处所有这些烦恼之中，他依然能保持乐观。 (in the midst)Answer:In the midst of all troubles, he managed to remain cheerful.3.

32、 虽有困难，他们还是设法坚持试验下去。 (carry on)Answer:They managed to carry on their experiments in spite of the difficulties.4. 我们必须淘汰不合格的申请人。 (weed out)Answer:We have to weed out unqualified applicants.5. 医生要他减少抽烟。 (cut down on)Answer:The doctor told him to cut down on smoking.Reading Skills PracticeThe following

33、sentences are taken from Passage A. Try to read each sentence in meaning clusters, and then put slashes between the clusters.1 Answer:The War Advertising Council, / a private, non-pro?t organization, / was founded to rallysupport / for World War II-related effortsand stimulate action on those issues

34、 / through communications programs / that make as Board ofmeasurable difference / in our society.3 Answer:In 1995, / to maximize the impact of all of the campaigns, / The Ad CouncilDirectors / voted unanimously / to adopt a new, ten-year initiative / to help Americans / whocan ' t speak for them

35、selvesour children.4 Answer:The Ad Counc il ' s pledge / is to remain committed and vigilant / in establishing afoothold / for public service advertising / in a rapidly changing media landscape.5 Answer:These new messages are designed / to inform, inspire and involve all Americans / toparticipate in activities / that will strengthen the nation / and help win the war on terrorism.译文：广告的利与弊尼尔 . 弗林随便看看任何报纸，都能发现数以百计的广告。有些是复杂精美的整页展示，不过大部分出现在更合算的分类广告栏