(湖北专版)2014高考英语大二轮第4讲 动词和动词短语专题复习课件(含2013调研、真题)

1、第四讲动词和动词短语1(2013湖北卷)While intelligent people can often_the complex，a fool is more likely to complicate the simple.Asacrifice BsubstituteCsimplify Dsurvive动词词义辨析解析：根据语境，这里用simplify与后面的simple呼应，complex与后面的complicate呼应。另外三个选项的含义为：sacrifice牺牲；substitute代替；survive幸存。 句意为：聪明人经常能把复杂的事情简单化，而愚蠢的人更可能会把简单的问题复杂

2、化。答案：C2(2013湖北卷)According to the law，all foreigners have to_with the local police within two weeks of arrival.Aassociate Bdispute Cnegotiate Dregister解析：这里说的是在警署登记注册，用register表示“登记，注册”，register with表示“在处登记”。associate将联系起来；dispute表示“异议；争论，争吵”；negotiate协商；谈判。句意为：按照该法律，所有外国人在到来的两周内必须到当地警署登记。答案：D3(2013江

3、苏卷)The town is so beautiful！I just love it.Me too.The character of the town is well_.Aqualified Bpreserved Cdecorated Dsimplified解析：句意为：这城镇多么漂亮啊！正是我所喜欢的。我也是。这个城镇的特色被保存得完好无缺。本题考查动词辨析。qualify使具有资格；preserve保存，保护，维护；decorate装饰；simplify简化，精简。答案：B4(2013福建卷)Michelle found a job as a high school teacher whi

4、ch_spending quite a lot of time with students.Aenjoys Binvolves Cpractices Dsuggests解析：句意为：Michelle找到了一份中学教师的工作，这份工作需要花费相当多的时间和学生在一起。本题考查动词辨析。A.喜欢；B.包括，涉及；C.练习；D.建议。B项符合句意。答案：B5(2012湖北卷)Two lawyers have donated $50,000 to_our schools campaign “Help the Needy”，which was started by our former headmast

5、er three years ago.Asponsor BlaunchCorganize Dplan解析：考查动词辨析。句意为：两个律师已为我们学校的“帮助贫困者”这项活动捐资五万美元，该活动是我们的前任校长在三年前发起的。根据句意可知，应用sponsor表示“为慈善活动捐资”。答案：A6(2012湖北卷)Finally，my thanks go to my tutor，who has offered a lot of suggestions and comments on my paper and_every page of my draft.Aapproved BquotedCpolish

6、ed Dfolded解析：考查动词辨析。句意为：最后我要向我的导师表达感谢，他对我的论文提出了很多建议并作出了评论，并且对我的每一页草稿都进行了修改。approve赞成，同意；quote引用，引述；polish修改，润色；fold折叠。根据句意可知应选C。答案：C7(2013湖北卷)Butterflies_a sweet liquid produced by flowers，which bees and other insects collect.Acarry on Bfeed on Cput on Dfocus on解析：四个动词短语的主要含义：carry on继续；feed on吃，以为食

7、；put on上演，穿/戴上；focus on聚焦于。句意为：蝴蝶以花卉产生的一种甜甜的液体为食，蜜蜂和别的昆虫则采集这种液体。根据句意选B，表示“吃，以为食”。答案：B动词短语辨析8(2013湖北卷)In much of the animal world，night is the time_for sleeppure and simple.Aset aside Bset down Cset off Dset up解析：这里pure and simple表示“完全，不折不扣”，用来指某事只有唯一的原因。这里用set aside表示“留出，拨出(时间等)”，表示这段时间就是用来睡觉的。set d

8、own写下；set off出发；引起；set up建立。句意为：在大多数动物世界里，夜晚就是完全用来睡觉的时间。答案：A9(2013新课标卷)At the last moment，Tom decided to_a new character to make the story seem more likely. Aput up Bput in Cput on Dput off解析：句意为：在最后一刻，汤姆决定增加一个新人物，以使故事更可信。A.建造；B.把写进；C.上演；D.推迟。答案：B10(2013浙江卷)Bears_fat stores throughout the summer and

9、 fall to have energy enough to last them through their winter sleep.Apack up Bbuild upCbring up Dtake up解析：句意为：熊在夏天和秋天积累脂肪，以便有足够的能量使它们度过冬眠。本题考查动词词组辨析。pack up打包，收起来；build up逐渐积累；bring up养育，提出，呕吐；take up开始从事，把继续下去，占据。答案：B11(2012湖北卷)Walking alone in the dark，the boy whistled to_his courage.Ahold up Bke

10、ep upCset up Dtake up解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意为：独自在黑暗中行走，这个男孩吹口哨来给自己壮胆。hold up支撑，举出；keep up保持；set up创建，建立；take up开始从事，占据。根据句意可知，此处应选B。答案：B12(2012湖北卷)Im so glad youve come here to_this matter in person.Alead to Bsee toCturn to Drefer to解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意为：我很高兴你亲自来处理这件事。see to表示“办理，照管”，符合句意。lead to导致；turn to向求助(或寻求指

11、教等)；refer to参考。答案：B一、高考常考的几组动词词义辨析1injure，hurt，wound，destroyI didnt want to hurt his feelings.我不想伤害他的感情。He was wounded in the battle.他在战斗中负过伤。injure一般指在意外事故中受伤hurt表示“伤害”的一般用法，既可指对肉体的伤害，也可指对情感的伤害wound常指外伤，尤指在战争、战斗中造成的伤害destroy一般指彻底损坏，常译成“毁坏，损坏”2adapt，adjust，adopt，attachadaptvt.适应，adapt oneself to使自己适

12、应adjustvt.适应，调整，adjust oneself to使自己适应adoptvt.采取，采纳；收养，领养attachvt.把附在上；重视attach much importance to.非常重视According to experts，China needs to adjust its family planning policy to fight against an aging population.根据专家的建议，中国需要调整计划生育政策来应对人口老龄化问题。Parents attach much importance to education.They will do th

13、eir best to give their children that priceless gift.父母都非常重视教育。他们会尽自己最大的努力给予孩子们无价的馈赠。3link，relate，connect，combinelink连接，联系，指将各个物体连接起来relate联系，指与某事或人有关联connect连接，指两物有形的连接，与link同义combine(使)结合，(使)联系，着重指两个或两个以上的事物为了共同目的而结合在一起，常指一些无形的事情(2010福建高考)In this day and age，women can have children and jobs as well

14、.I cant agree more.Its great to have the two combined.在当今时代，妇女既可以带孩子又可以工作。我完全赞成。把两者结合起来太棒了。The government was planning a new railway connecting Beijing and Shanghai.政府当时正在规划一条连接北京和上海的新铁路。二、常见动词短语搭配1agreeagree with sb./ones idea/what sb.says同意某人的看法/某人的观点/某人所说的agree to a proposal/plan/suggestion.同意某个计

15、划/建议agree on表示具体协议的文件、计划、行动的词，表示就某事看法一致。You look well.The air and the sea foods in Sanya must agree with you，I suppose.你气色很好。我想，三亚的空气和海鲜肯定适合你。2breakbreak away from脱离break down坏掉；出故障；垮掉break into闯入，破门而入break out(战争)爆发break in破门而入break off打断；中断break up打碎；(物理)分解；分开；结束；制止(2012陕西高考)He had to pause from t

16、ime to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead，because the airconditioning system broke down.他需要不时停下来擦额头的汗，因为空调坏了。On hearing the news，the president broke off his visit to Australia and returned home immediately.听到这个消息，总统立刻中断了对澳大利亚的访问，回到了本国。3bringbring about引起bring up养育，呕吐bring down使倒下，降低 bring in吸引

17、，赚bring back使回忆起，重新使用(2011湖北高考)The government has taken measures to bring down the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable.政府已经采取措施来降低日用品的高价格，以保持市场稳定。4callcall for需要，邀请 call on/at号召；访问call in召集；召来 call up召唤，召集；打电话call off取消The scene of the children playing happily in the park called up

18、memories of her childhood.孩子们在公园高兴玩耍的场景勾起了她对童年的回忆。5comecome about发生 come across偶遇come along跟随 come to共计，达到，苏醒come true变为现实 come up走上前，被提出come up with提出 come into being形成come into use投入使用(2011安徽高考)If you come across faults but you still want the bicycle，ask the shop assistant to reduce the price.如果你发

19、现你想要买的这辆自行车有瑕疵，但是你仍想买这辆，就让服务员降价。(2013新课标卷)Would you like to come along with us to the film tonight？今晚你愿意和我们一起去看电影吗？6getget along/on (with)进展，相处get away (from)逃离(某地)，度假get down to开始认真注意(或对待)某事(to为介词)get off下车，起飞，脱下 get up(使)起床，站起get across被理解 get hold of抓住get through到达，用完，通过，度过，打通(电话)(2013天津高考)I had

20、hoped to take a holiday this year but I wasnt able to get away.我本希望今年去度假，但没能去。(2013江苏高考)Team leaders must ensure that all members get over their natural desire to avoid the embarrassment associated with making mistakes.团队领导者必须要确保所有的队员克服本能的欲望以避免犯错误带来的尴尬。7givegive up放弃 give in屈服give out用尽；分发 give back

21、归还；使恢复give away泄露；赠送；颁发 give off发出He said he wasnt disappointed at the result of the final exam，but the look on his face gave himself away.他说他对期末的结果不失望，但是他脸上的表情出卖了他。8gogo against违反，违背go over复习，重温，仔细检查，审阅go by走过，经过，(时间)消逝，过去go out熄灭，出去，外出go without忍受没有之苦，没有也行，没有也能勉强应付go through通过，经受，浏览，仔细检查I always s

22、tart the day by going through my email.我每天第一件事就是要看电子邮件。9holdhold back隐瞒，控制(情感) hold out维持；抵抗；硬撑hold up使耽搁 hold on坚持；别挂(电话)hold together团结一致 hold on to保留，抓住不放Id hold on to that house for the time being；house prices are rising sharply at the moment.我目前要守住这套房子，这段时间房价涨得很快。10looklook back on.回顾，回忆look on

23、旁观，观望look into.往里面看，浏览，调查，研究look out留神，当心，注意，警惕，提防look through看透，仔细查看，浏览，翻阅，温习look up仰视，往上看，(在字典或参考书中)查阅，查询The authorities will look into the case further before they can come to a conclusion about it.官方要对此案做进一步调查才能得出结论。11makemake the best of充分利用 make up for 补偿，弥补make out 辨认出 make fun of 取笑make up o

24、nes mind 下定决心make sense 有道理(意义)，讲得通make good/full use of.充分利用make up 编造；组成；构成；补齐；凑足The boy is working harder than ever，hoping to make up the time he has wasted playing online games.为了把浪费在网络游戏上的时间弥补回来，男孩比之前学习更努力。12putput aside 把放在一边 put away 把收好put down 扑灭，平息 put forward 提出put off 延期；推诿 put out 扑灭；生产

25、put up with 忍受，容忍put up 挂起，张贴；搭起；为某人提供食宿Why do we have to put up with Susans selfish behavior？We have to teach her to care for other.为什么我们要忍受苏珊的自私行为？我们得教她关心别人。(2011浙江高考)He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of putting up at a hotel for the night.他决定当晚直接开车回家，而不住旅馆。 13setset about (d

26、oing) sth.set out to do sth.着手、开始做某事set aside留出，搁/放在一边set off出发，起程，引起爆炸，激起，引起set out (for.)动身去()set up倒立，设立，开办，竖起，支起(2012浙江高考)Armed with the information you have gathered，you can set about preparing your business plan.收集到的信息已备好，你可以开始准备你的商业计划了。(2013安徽高考)Traditionally，college students hold a graduatio

27、n ceremony to encourage themselves before they set off on their life journey.传统上，大学生在开始他们的人生旅程之前会举行毕业典礼来鼓励他们自己。14turnturn down拒绝；调低 turn in上交turn out结果是，证明是 turn over移交，交给turn up出现；调高 turn off关掉turn up打开 turn away走开turn to求助于；翻到(2012江苏高考)You look upset.Whats the matter?I had my proposal turned down

28、again.你看起来很沮丧，怎么了？我的提议再次遭到了拒绝。15taketake in吸收，接纳，欺骗 take on呈现，雇用take over继承，接管，接替take up从事，开始，专注于，占去(时间、空间、地位等)take off(飞机)起飞，脱掉(衣帽/鞋)，成名，成功，事业转机，生意起色(2011陕西高考)Some insects take on the colour of their surroundings to protect themselves.有些昆虫为了自我保护会随着周围环境改变自身颜色。三、词形相似的动词短语一些动词短语词形相像，让人眼花缭乱，难以区分。高考试题经常

29、对此设题考查考生的鉴别能力。解题时应仔细辨认，不能急于求成。词形相似的动词短语意义词形相似的动词短语意义appeal to取悦于attend to服侍，上学apply to适用于attain to达到，获得adapt to适应attract.to.把吸引到adjust to适应attach.to.把附在 动词短语意义动词短语意义get along/on with在取得进展，与相处do wrong to委屈look up to尊敬do away with废除look out for警惕do damage to给造成损坏look down upon瞧不起devote oneself to献身于li

30、ve up to不辜负introduce oneself to向做自我介绍get down to着手干congratulate oneself on自我庆幸make up for弥补dress oneself in穿着look forward to期盼seat oneself on坐在四、多词动词短语多词动词短语多由三个单词构成，因词数多、构词巧而备受高考命题者的重视。常见的多词动词短语见下表动词短语意义动词短语意义keep up with赶上get away with做错事不受处罚come up with赶上，提出get away from脱离put up with忍受break away

31、from改掉习惯，脱离政党，打破陈规，奋力挣脱end up with以告终look back to/on回顾catch up with赶上date back to 追溯至get rid of消灭do harm/good to给带来坏/好处1(2013湖北黄冈部分中学统一调研)China will be a more responsible nation that_peace and stability by strengthening cooperation and bringing benefits to its neighbors and other nations.ApromotesBd

32、evelops Ckeeps Dprotects解析：考查动词辨析。句意为：中国通过与邻邦及其他国家互利合作的方式促进和平与稳定，它将会是一个更负责的国家。promote“促进”，符合句意。develop发展，开发；keep保持，保留；protect保护。答案：A2(2013湖北武汉4月调研)To the surprise of the manager，Mrs Black，who is not easy to deal with，quickly_and accepted the new work schedule.Ahesitated BcondemnedCcompromised Dcompl

33、ained解析：考查动词辨析。hesitate犹豫；condemn谴责；compromise让步，妥协；complain抱怨。由语境可知，一贯难缠的Black夫人很快让步并接受了新的工作安排。答案：C3(2013湖北武汉市名校第二次调研)Ben，as a new immigrant from China，found it hard to_the American life.Aattend to Bapply to Crelate to Dadapt to解析： 考查动词短语辨析。句意为：本，一名来自中国的新移民，发现很难适应美国的生活。adapt to表示“适应，适合”，符合句意。A.处理，料

34、理；B.申请；C.有关，涉及。答案：D4(2013湖北荆州质量检测)Through the years，VOA Special English has become a very popular tool for teaching English，even though it was not_as a teaching program.Aattached Bdesigned Cperformed Dappealed解析：考查动词辨析。句意为：这些年美国之音慢速英语已成为英语教学的一种很受欢迎的工具，即使它并不是作为教学课程而设计的。attach把固定，把附(在上)；design设计；perfo

35、rm表演；appeal恳求，呼吁。根据句意和固定搭配be designed as.可知应选B。答案：B5(2013湖北省武汉市武昌区联考)What I want to _to teenagers is that being addicted to the Internet will to some degree do harm to both mental and physical health.Aget off Bget throughCget across Dget down解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意为：我想给青少年们讲清楚的是沉迷于网络在一定程度上对身心健康有害。get across把

36、讲清楚，符合句意。get off动身；出发；get through顺利通过(考试等)；get down写下，记下。答案：C6(2013湖北襄阳统一调研)Be patient，please.Your inquiry has been sent.Our customer representatives will_your inquiry shortly.Aidentify BconsultCaddress Ddeliver解析：考查动词辨析。句意为：请耐心点儿。您的询盘我们已经发送出去了，我们的客户代表马上就会处理您的询盘。identify认出，鉴定；consult请教，咨询；address设法解

37、决，处理；deliver递送，发表。根据句意可知选C。答案：C7(2013湖北八校三月调考)To my mind，the secret to happiness_your successful work and your contribution towards others happiness.Aresults in Bconsists inCbrings in Dtakes in解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意为：在我看来，快乐的秘决在于工作成功，并且帮助他人获得快乐。consist in表示“在于”，符合句意。 result in造成，导致；bring in引进；take in吸入，理解。答

38、案：B8(2013湖北七市4月联考)The Chinese football team had experienced a series of reforms.However，its performances in Shenzhen in October_all the people，especially the crazy fans.Aknocked down Blet downCpulled down Dbrought down解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意为：中国足球队经历了一系列的改革，然而，10月份它在深圳的表现使所有的人感到失望，特别是疯狂的球迷们。A项意为“击倒，撞倒，击落”；B项

39、意为“使失望，放下，辜负”；C项意为“拆毁，摧毁，推翻，拉下来”；D项意为“降低，打倒，击落”。根据句中的转折词“However”可知，足球队员们的表现使人们失望，let down符合语境。答案：B9(2013湖北八校第二次联考)I have _a lot with this guy.He borrowed my clothes，my money and my tennis racket.But when I caught him using my toothbrush，that was the last straw，so I kicked him out!Asped up Bmixed up

40、 Cput up Dteamed up解析： 考查动词短语辨析。句意为：我已经忍了这个家伙很多了。他借我的衣服，我的钱，还有我的网球拍。但当我撞见他在用我的牙刷时，我再也忍不了了，因此将他赶出去了。根据句意可知，应选C，put up with表示“容忍”。speed up with加快速度赶上；mix up with混淆，弄混；team up with与合作。答案：C10(2013湖北省武汉市二月调研)In Disneyland，every year about 800,000 plants are replaced because Disneyland refuses to _signs a

41、sking his “guests” not to step on them.Aput down Bput outCput off Dput up解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意为：在迪斯尼乐园，每年有大约80万的植物要重新栽植，因为迪斯尼乐园拒绝竖起让游客不要践踏植物的牌子。put down写下，记下；put out熄灭，扑灭；put off推迟；put up竖立。根据句意可知D项正确。答案：D11(2013湖北襄阳高三调研)Poor Laura was at a loss to_her cousins angry behavior，and ignorant of what she had offended him.Aanswer for Bmake forCallow for Daccount for解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意为：可怜