基础综合英语(研究生)Unit3

1、Unit 3 HealthUnit 3 HealthPre-listeningListeningWord BuildingLead-inBackground InformationYou will hear a story about Laura, a fat lady. What surprised the speaker is that she is not worried about her weight problem. Instead, Laura embraces her excess weight. Before listening, try to figure out the

2、points and the good examples with the help of the following key words and phrases selected from the talk.Part APart BPart CProblems with US EducationUnit 3 HealthPre-listeningListeningWord BuildingLead-inBackground InformationKey Words and PhrasesProblem 1Problem 2Interesting conversationalistwell r

3、eadmake sb.s dayliberate yourselfbe comfortable aboutbigger body to hold more happinessproposebe drawn to somebodycentre of attentionset inPart APart BPart CProblems with US EducationUnit 3 Health1. baggage 2. cardiovascular 3. cast a glance at 4. chase after 5. make sb.s day 6. confide in 7. pointe

4、r 8. sip 9. winkWord BuildingLead-inBackground InformationPre-listeningListeningMatch each word and expression in the left column with its meaning in the right. A. to close and open one eye quickly B. to drink a small amount each timeC. piece of adviceD. to tell (a secret, or personal information) t

5、o somebody E. to make sb. happyF. to run afterG. to give a quick look atH. involving the heart and the blood vesselsI. needless burdens or responsibilitiesPart APart BPart CProblems with US EducationUnit 3 HealthWord BuildingLead-inBackground InformationPre-listeningListeningpointerFill in the follo

6、wing blanks with the words on the previous page. 1) A graduated surface or face on which a measurement, such as speed, is indicated by a moving needle or . 2) The railroad gives free transportation for a certain amount of .3) He paused to take a of water, and then went on with his story. 4) Helen ha

7、s a great many friends indeed, but she does not think she has any she can .5) They could hardly afford the time to raise their heads to the gorgeous sunset._confide in_cast a glance at _baggage_sip_Part APart BPart CProblems with US EducationUnit 3 HealthWord BuildingLead-inBackground InformationPre

8、-listeningListeningFill in the following blanks with the above words. 6) Smoking also has been linked time and again to diseases.7) He at me to show that he was playing a joke on the others.8) The policeman the burglar but could not catch him.9) A simple thank you and a smile is all he wants, and it

9、ll . cardiovascular_winked _chased after _Part APart BPart CProblems with US Educationmake his day_Unit 3 HealthWord BuildingLead-inBackground InformationPre-listening1. Cardiovascular disease A cardiovascular disease is a disease that affects both the heart and the blood vessels, as hardening of th

10、e arteries and high blood pressure. Cardiovascular diseases, which affect the heart and blood vessels, are a leading cause of death around the world. Some cardiovascular disorders develop and worsen over the course of many years. For example, atherosclerosis is a disease in which fatty deposits grad

11、ually build up on the inside walls of arteries. The deposits interfere with the flow of blood and can lead to heart attacks and strokes. Almost everyone develops someListeningPart APart BPart CProblems with US EducationUnit 3 HealthWord BuildingLead-inBackground InformationPre-listeningdegree of ath

12、erosclerosis as they age. But people can help control atherosclerosis by exercising and limiting the amount of fat they eat.ListeningPart APart BPart CProblems with US EducationUnit 3 HealthWord BuildingLead-inBackground InformationPre-listeningListening2. Slimming center A slimming center is a plac

13、e where people try to reduce their weight by doing exercises or eating dietary food under the instructions of coaches or doctors. Part APart BPart CProblems with US EducationUnit 3 HealthWord BuildingLead-inBackground InformationPre-listening3. Kai Tak airport Kai Tak Airport is the popular name and

14、 former site of the Hong Kong International Airport in Kowloon, Hong Kong. Kai Tak was the world-famous international airport of Hong Kong until July 6, 1998. Kai Tak had the IATA airport code HKG as well as the ICAO airport code VHHH, both of which were taken over by the new Chek Lap Kok Airport. L

15、isteningPart APart BPart CProblems with US EducationUnit 3 HealthWord BuildingLead-inBackground InformationPre-listeningListeningPart APart BPart CProblems with US EducationThe famous airport served as the hub for Cathay Pacific, Dragonair, Air Hong Kong and Hong Kong Airways. It also has the ICAO c

16、ode VHKT as the RAF air base.Unit 3 HealthPre-listeningListeningListen to the talk. Choose from the following options the right description of Laura that can be drawn from the talk.Part APart BPart CIs Overweight a Problem?Unit 3 HealthPre-listeningListeningPart APart BPart Cb dfa. As a counselor, L

17、aura is well read in all subjects. b. She likes to make jokes about her size. c. She has cardiovascular diseases but she is not worried about it. d. God gave her happiness. She feels glad to have a bigger body to hold all the happiness. e. Though she is fat, shes actually a slim person inside and ru

18、ns everywhere chasing after men. f. She was such a merry-maker that by the end of the flight almost half the cabin crew and many passengers were standing by her, laughing and joking with her. The right description:_Is Overweight a Problem?Unit 3 Health1) How did the speaker describe Lauras bigger si

19、ze when she was taking her seat on the flight? She had to lower herself slowly, squeezing into the seat, filling .2) Why was the flight attendant grateful to Laura? For the interesting jokes and also for the . her huge bottom Listen to the talk again and complete the answers to the following questio

20、ns. _pointers Laura gave all available space_Pre-listeningListeningPart APart BPart Cto her weight problems_Is Overweight a Problem?Unit 3 Health3) What will help people feel liberated from their extra baggage according to Laura? Youre liberated only if youre comfortable about , and any time of the

21、day and any time of the year.4) Why do men like to talk to Laura? Most of the men who talk to her have . They need . 5) Why did Laura turn around and wink at the speaker at Hong Kongs KaiTak airport? Because she was greeted by a big group of adults and kids who , , and kissed her. This proved her re

22、gardless of her being overweight. who you are_what you look like _relationship problems_someone to confide in_Pre-listeningListeningPart APart BPart Ccheered_hugged_popularity_Is Overweight a Problem?Unit 3 HealthPre-listeningListening“Hi! How are you?” The woman smiled as she took the seat beside m

23、e. She had to lower herself slowly, squeezing her huge bottom into the seat, filling all available space. “My name is Laura. Im from Britain.” Laura started a conversation with me. She was an interesting conversationalist. She was well read in many subjects from philosophy to science. When a flight

24、attendant was clearing our plates, Laura told several jokes about her size. The flight attendant burst out laughing as she held Lauras arm, “You really make my day!”For the next few minutes, Laura listened attentively and gave pointers to the flight attendants weight problems. The grateful attendant

25、 said before she rushed off, “Ive got to work. Ill talk to you later.”I asked Laura, “Have you ever thought about losing some weight?”“No. I have worked hard to get this way. Why would I want to give it up?”Part APart BPart CIs Overweight a Problem?Unit 3 HealthPre-listeningListening “Arent you worr

26、ied about cardiovascular diseases that come with being overweight?” “Not at all. You only get the disease if youre worried about your weight all the time. You see advertisements from slimming centers that say, Liberate yourself from your extra baggage so that you are free to be yourself. Its rubbish

27、. Youre liberated only if youre comfortable about who you are, and what you look like any time of the day and any time of the year. Why would I want to waste my time on slimming regimes when I have so many other important things to do and so many people to be friends with? I eat healthily and walk r

28、egularly; Im this size because I am born to be big. There is more to life than worrying about weight all day long.” She sipped her wine. “Besides, God gives me so much happiness that I need a bigger body to hold all of it. Why would I lose weight to lose my happiness?” Taken aback by her reasoning,

29、I laughed. Part APart BPart CIs Overweight a Problem?Unit 3 HealthPre-listeningListening Laura continued. “Folks often see me as a fat lady that no man would even bother to cast a glance at. They think Im lazy and have no willpower. Theyre wrong.” She held up her glass to a passing flight attendant.

30、 “More of this magnificent wine please.”She turned to me, “Im actually a slim person inside. Im so full of energy that people wont be able to keep up with me. This extra flesh is here to slow me down. Otherwise, Ill be running everywhere chasing after men.”“Do men chase after you?” I asked jokingly.

31、“Of course they do. Im happily married but men still keep proposing to me.” “Most of them have relationship problems and they need someone to confide in. For some reason, they like to talk to me. I think I should have been a counselor instead of a school teacher.”Part APart BPart CIs Overweight a Pr

32、oblem?Unit 3 HealthPre-listeningListeningLauras interesting conversation had turned the flight into something thoroughly enjoyable. I was also attracted by the way people were drawn to her. By the end of the flight, almost half the cabin crew was standing by us, laughing and joking with Laura. The p

33、assengers around us joined in the merry-making too. Laura was the centre of attention, filling the cabin with delightful warmth. When we waved goodbye to each other at the arrival lounge at Hong Kongs KaiTak airport, I watched her walking towards a big group of adults and kids. Cheers sounded as the

34、 group hugged and kissed Laura. She turned around and winked at me.I was greatly surprised, as the realization set in: Laura was the most beautiful woman I had ever met in my life.Part APart BPart CIs Overweight a Problem?Unit 3 HealthYou will hear an interview with Dr. Neal Barnard, president of th

35、e Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine. Before you listen, guess what questions were raised by the interviewer according to what Dr. Neal Barnard said in the interview. Compare your guess with that of your partner.Word BuildingLead-inBackground InformationPre-listeningListeningPart APart BP

36、art CProblems with US EducationUnit 3 HealthPre-listeningBackground InformationQuestion 1: Youre recommending four new food groups to replace the ones that we all grew up with. What are they?Dr. Neal Barnard: The new four food groups are grains, legumes meaning beans and related foods vegetables, an

37、d fruits.ListeningWord BuildingLead-inPart APart BPart CArts EducationDr. Neal Barnard: Because people have the hope that if they consume dairy products, theyll have strong bones. Well, for years researchers, and they found that dairy products just dont work if the goal is to prevent osteoporosis. Q

38、uestion 2: Youve left out some dairy products. Why? Unit 3 HealthPre-listeningBackground InformationQuestion 3: Do you really think the U. S. Department of Agriculture will set these new will adopt your recommendations? Dr. Neal Barnard: It will take time for the Department of Agriculture to change,

39、 but medically, weve got no choice. ListeningWord BuildingLead-inPart APart BPart CArts EducationUnit 3 HealthMatch each word in the left column with its meaning in the right.Word BuildingLead-inBackground InformationPre-listening1. legume 2. cholesterol 3. fiber 4. pod 5. postmenopausal 6. osteopor

40、osis 7. leech 8. calcium 9. urine 10. burger11. mammogram A. X-ray film of the soft tissue of the breast B. liquid waste from the body C. finely cut beef served in a bread bun D. subsequent to menopause E. long seed-case of various plants, esp. peas and beansF. to draw away G. abnormal loss of bony

41、tissue resulting from a lack of calciumH. a white chemical element that is found in bone, shells and milk I. fatty substance found in the body, thought to cause hardening of the arteriesJ. part of a plant that helps food pass quickly through the body K. type of plant such as peas or beans or lentils

42、ListeningPart APart BPart CArts EducationUnit 3 HealthWord BuildingLead-inBackground InformationPre-listeningosteoporosisFill in the following blanks with the above words. 1) What parents dont understand is that fat provides very valuable calories and that every cell needs fat and to grow. 2) The of

43、 this plant, containing a sweet edible pulp and seeds that yield a gum used as a stabilizer in food products. 3) I have a slight deficiency.4) Her relatives her for her money like parasites. 5) Bone fractures and can be prevented by the manganese in pineapple._leeched_pod_cholesterol_calcium _Listen

44、ingPart APart BPart CArts EducationUnit 3 HealthWord BuildingLead-inBackground InformationPre-listeningfiber6) Bean products, potato, melon kind, take food overmuch, produce gas easily and happen bilge gas, want to notice to avoid.7) Someone believes that a babys is a kind of medicine.8) A method of

45、 textural feature extraction from based on GLCM is proposed in this paper.9) It was not until 1884 that the first artificial was made.10) I have veggie for every meal.11) High level of bone turnover is an important cause of bone loss at hip in women._burger_legume _mammogram_urine _ListeningPart APa

46、rt BPart CArts Educationpostmenopausal _Unit 3 HealthWord BuildingLead-inBackground InformationPre-listeningCholesterol is a fatty substance found in animal tissues. The human body produces cholesterol, but this substance also enters the body in food. Meats, egg yolks, and milk products, such as but

47、ter and cheese, contain cholesterol. Such organs as the brain and liver contain much cholesterol.1. CholesterolListeningPart APart BPart CArts EducationUnit 3 HealthOsteoporosis is a condition in which bones become abnormally fragile. It is a major cause of pain and disability in elder adults. Peopl

48、e with osteoporosis have an increased risk of breaking bones throughout their bodies, especially in their wrists, spine, and hips. Breaks may result from minor falls or injuries that would not harm normal bones. Severely affected bones especially in the spine may collapse just from the pressure of h

49、olding up the bodys own weight.Word BuildingLead-inBackground InformationPre-listeningListeningPart APart BPart CArts Education2. OsteoporosisUnit 3 Health3. McDonald McDonalds Corporation operates the worlds largest chain of fast-food restaurants. McDonalds has more than 26,000 restaurants in about

50、 120 countries. McDonalds was founded in 1955 by Ray Kroc, a distributor of machines for making milk shakes. Kroc learned of a California hamburger stand that had eightof the machines. Kroc visited the stand, Word BuildingLead-inBackground InformationPre-listeningListeningPart APart BPart CArts Educ

51、ationUnit 3 Healthwhich was called McDonalds, and was impressed with how quickly customers were served. Kroc persuaded the stands owners to let him start a chain of fast-service restaurants of the same name. Kroc opened the first McDonalds restaurant in Des Plaines, Illinois, in 1955.Word BuildingLe

52、ad-inBackground InformationPre-listeningListeningPart APart BPart CArts EducationUnit 3 HealthListen to the interview and complete the following summary of the main issues discussed by Dr. Neal Barnard. Pre-listeningListeningPart APart BPart Clive longer and have much healthier livesThe new four foo

53、d groups are recommended because theyhelp people to 1) .Diary products cant really help 2) and 3) osteoporosis and therefore they should be left out. Meat should go off the new list as people just cant 4) and large amount of fat meat 5) .There are oppositions to the four new food groups proposal fro

54、m 6) . _maintain strong bones _prevent_have really low-fat meat _causes diseasesorganizations like the American Farm Bureau_New Four Food GroupsUnit 3 HealthAgree.Listen to the interview again and decide whether Dr. Neal Barnard would agree with the following statements or not. Give reasons for your

55、 answers.1) To grow up big and strong and to stay healthy, people need to eat all kinds of foods. Disagree. (People should skip some kinds of foods such as meat and diary products.)2) The Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine believes that the traditional four food groups should be challenge

56、d. _Pre-listeningListeningPart APart BPart CNew Four Food GroupsUnit 3 HealthDisagree. (Its not only the breads and the cereals. Its rice all the grains.)3) The new four food groups are healthier food choices because they have no cholesterol and they are high in fiber. 4) Grain includes just bread a

57、nd cereal. _ _Pre-listeningListeningPart APart BPart CAgree._5) Dairy products help people especially postmenopausal women to prevent osteoporosis.Disagree. (For years researchers have measured the bone density of postmenopausal women who are developing osteoporosis, and they found that dairy produc

58、ts just dont work if the goal is to prevent osteoporosis.)_ _New Four Food GroupsUnit 3 Health6) To keep calcium in ones body is the key to maintain strong bones.Pre-listeningListeningPart APart BPart CNew Four Food GroupsAgree_ .7) People should increase their protein intake in order to keep calciu

59、m in their bones.Disagree. (If you reduce your protein intake, the calcium stays in the bones.)_.Unit 3 Health8) The new McLean burger that McDonalds has been pushing is one of the few exceptions of truly lean cuts of meat.Disagree. (None of them are truly lean. Even the new McLean burger that McDon

60、aldss has been pushing that burger is 49 percent fat.)_Pre-listeningListeningPart APart BPart CNew Four Food Groups9) An important factor for the increasing of breast cancer is related to the amount of fat people take in their diet.Agree._Unit 3 Health10) To improve peoples health, the U.S. Departme