历届高考英语完形填空全国卷

1、高考完形填空专项训练步步高抓好三方面跨好三大步做好三结合-谈完形填空解题技巧中学生在做完形填空题时存在的问题，概括起来有以下三方面：1不善于抓文章的主旨大意， 并以此为中心展开对整篇文章的推理、判断，导致理解上出现偏差，甚至和文章的中心相悻。2容易受定势思维的影响，对文意分析不透，忽视特定语境中知识的运用。3对完形填空题怀有厌倦、 畏惧心理，以至做题时处于应付状态， 做题能力得不到提 高。那么， 怎样才能提高做完形填空题的能力呢？我们应从以下三方面入手训练思维能 力和解题技巧：抓准主旨、透析文意、理清逻辑。并在做题过程中把这三方面与做完形 填空的三大步骤“通读、精读、复读”有机结合，明确每步的

2、思维主攻方向。即抓好三 方面，跨好三大步，做好三结合。一、通读短文抓主旨一般情况下， 完形填空短文都不给标题， 不容易把握文章的主题和大意。但短文首 句通常不设空格，这就为我们窥视文章全貌提供了一个窗口，而尾句往往是文章的总结、结论或点睛之笔，所以抓住开篇启示作用的首句和总结概括性的尾句是必要的。 借助于 首尾句给予的启示， 克服不良心理的影响，满怀信心，全神贯注，目光越过空格，注意 能体现文章大意的关键词句，尽力从整体上理解短文大意，这是逐空填词的重要依据和 基础。如果一开始就忙于见空填空，势必无法从整体上把握全文概要，无法形成连贯的 思路，只见树木不见森林，理解偏离文章的中心，造成顾，此失

3、彼的错误，甚至影响做 题速度。抓住了文章的主旨大意后，我们围绕主旨大意去阅读、预测、推理、判断，往往会 收到事半功倍的效果。尤其是一些干扰性强，容易使人犯想当然错误的选项就会迎刃而 解。二、精读短文析文意在基本抓住文章的主旨后，应逐句精读短文，逐题分析选项，对特定的语境做深人 的理解，克服“定势思维”，根据全文大意和词不离句，句不离文的原则，逐项填空。切 不可以单纯的词汇辨析或语法角度去做题，而应以能否恰如其分地表达文意作为选择最 佳答案的唯一标准。要吃透文意，理解到位，我们应做到以下几点：1从上下文的角度考虑，注意其内在联系。就题论题，断章取义，忽视上下文的信息 提示是我们常犯的错误。 因此

4、我们在做题时要注重暗含的信息提示，找准突破口，确保 文意畅通。2从词汇意义及用法、 惯用法和搭配的角度去考虑，准确判断。NMET 完形填空题中考查词汇意义及用法、惯用法和搭配的题目逐年增多，必须结合上下文把握文意，研读 细节，准确认定语境，才能做好这类题目。3从逻辑推理、常识等角度考虑，挖掘文章的寓意及隐含意义。尤其是NMET 完形填空短文大都包含一定的哲理和寓意，具备深层探询的可能性，这就要求我们既要明确 表层意义，还要理解其深层含义。而结合我们已有的生活常识和社会常识去做题，则会 有意想不到的效果，因为每个人的能力不是单一的。4从英汉两种语言的差异角度去考虑，避免错误。因为我们在英语学习过

5、程中往往伴随“心译”过程，而出题者则会从母语的角度设置干扰项，在做题时一定要意识到这一 点，不要受母语影响，借助平时学习中培养起来的语感，灵活处理。总之，在逐项填空时应根据全文大意和词不离句，句不离文的原则，把上下文的意 思、句法结构、词类和语法功能、惯用法、逻辑推理常识等各种因素加在一起综合考虑，仔细 推敲， 选中答案。三、复读全文再检验在做完一篇完形填空后，文章完整了，应从头至尾读一遍，根据复读的语感和对整 篇短文的理解，再次将较明显的错误改正，个别需要推敲的再做调整，力争尽可能少出 错。另外，要做好完形填空，除了具备扎实的基础知识和快速阅读及理解的能力外，良 好的心理素质和思维品质也至关

6、重要。我们在平时训练时不能忽视对后者的训练。一、咼考完形填空解析（一）（MET91）On the night of the play. Jack was at the theater early and he wasalready dressed in a policema ns clothes long 1 the end of the first sce ne.He certa inly looked the part all right he thought as he 2 himself in the mirror.He 3 thought of going out into the

7、street to see 4 he could pass as 5 outthere. Just for 6 , of course.Then he sudde nly felt n ervous. After all it was his first time to 7 a partin a play. 8 could he face all those people 9 the play? he put his head in hishandsand tried to 10 his lines （台词）,but nothing 11 to his mind.A knock on the

8、door made him look 12 . He was to go on stage （ 舞台）in the second sce ne. Have I 13 my part and ruined （ 破坏）the playfor everybody? he thought to himself. But 14 was only the man ager. She15 how n ervous he was and 16 he should sta nd n ear the stage 17 hecould watch and follow the play. It was a good

9、 18 of getting rid of his nervous ness? she said. She was right, it seemed to 19 .In fact the more hewatched the play, the 20 he felt himself part of it.At last the 21 came for him to appear on the stage. But sudde nly theman ager came to him aga in, 22 worried as she placed a hand on his armto 23 h

10、im back. Has anything gone 24 ? Jack asked. Im afraid youregoing to be 25 . she said, Theyve jumped three pages of the play andhave missed your part out completely.1. A. beforeB.byC.afterD.at2. A. lookedB.showedC.admiredD.enjoyed3. A. justB.eve nC.stillD.already4. A. howB.whyC.as ifD.whether5. A. a

11、policema nB.a n in spectorC.an officerD.a man ager6. A. jokeB.fu nC.playD.exercise7. A. makeB.joinC.haveD.give8. A. WhereB.WhyC.WhenD.How9. A. follow ingB.atte ndingC.watchi ngD.observi ng10.A. readB.rememberC.un derstandD.lear n11.A. cameB.we ntC.happenedD.got12.A. awayB.upC.outD.dow n13.A. passedB

12、.left C.missedD.failed14.A. thisB.thatC.sheD.it15.A. won deredB.imag inedC. no ticedD.exam ined16.A. agreedB.suggestedC. persuadedD. en couraged17.A. whereB. whe nC. thatD. there18. A. ideaB. wayC. pathD. pla n.19.A. doB. winC. workD. act20. A. lessB. harderC. betterD. more21.A. hourB. mi nuteC. mom

13、e ntD. period22.A. feeli ngB. looki ngC. sounding ?D. grow ing23. A. holdB. take ,C. catchD. push24.A. badB.lateC. madD. wrong25.A. frighte nedB. excitedC. disappo in tedD. pleased(二)(NMET91)It was a cold winters afternoon. Robert stopped for a moment as hecrossed the bridge and looked dow n at the

14、river below. There were hardlyany 1 on the river. 2 the bridge, however, almost direct below, 3 was a smallcanoe, with a boy in it. He was 4 wearing many dothes. Robert 5 . Heshivered and walked on.6 he heard a cry. Help! Help! The cry 7 from the river. Robert lookeddow n. The boy was 8 the water an

15、d his canoe was 9 away.Help! Help! hecalled aga in.Robert was a good 10 .Tak ing off his clothes, he 11 in to the river. The12 water made him tremble all over, 13 in a few sec onds he reached the 14Dont be afraid, he said and started to swim towards the river bank, 15 theboy with him. But at that16

16、heno ticed a large motor boat un der the bridge. There were several people onthe boat, all17 inhis directi on. Robert18 to swim towards the boat.Give me a han d, he shouted19 he got n ear the boat. He 20 upinto a row of faces.Itsfunny, he thought. They look so 21 . Silently they helped the boy into

17、theboat and 22 himin a bla nket. But they did not move to 23 Robert.Are nt you going to pull me 24 too? Robert asked.You! said one of the man. Robert no ticed that he was sta nding n extto a large 25 . You!Why? we were making a film and you spoiled a whole after noons work.You can stay in the water!

18、1. A. fishB. boatsC. wavesD. sound2. A. FromB.TowardsC. NearD.Behi nd3. A. thereB. itC.whereD.that4. A. the nB. alsoC. onlyD. not5. A. no ticedB.sawC. guessedD.said6. A. Till thenB. Just thenC. Far awayD. From there7. A. happe ned B.we ntC. arrived.D.came8. A. onB.withinC. inD.un der9. A. runningB.f

19、loat ingC. flowi ngD. pulli ng10.A. swimmer B.guard.C.soldierD. player.11.A. threwB. lookedC. jumpedD. turned12.A. deepB. coolC.dirtyD. cold13.A. butB. soC.a ndD. or14.A. canoeB.bankC.boyD. bridge15.A. push ingB. draggi ngC.holdi ngD. catch ing16.A. placeB. periodC.sec ondD. mome nt17.A. see ingB. s

20、mili ngC.lo oki ngD. shouti ng18.A. decidedB. wentC.agreedD. promised19.A. whileB. tillC.forD. as20.A. turnedB. lookedC.hurriedD. stood21.A. n ervousB.afraidC.excitedD.angry22.A. warpped B.leftC. placedD. threw23.A. saveB. tha nkC. wrapD. help24.A. onB. outC. awayD. off25.A. boatB. bla nketC.cameraD

21、. scree n（三）（91 上海）Why is a space left betwee n the rails of a railway line where one piecejoins the n ext? The space 1 to let the rail expand（膨胀） when it gets 2 . Ona hot day, the metal expands and if it 3 to do this, the rails would bend 4shape. This caused railway 5 in the past.6 solids expa nd m

22、uch less tha n liquids or gases, the 7 in creases（增加量）can add up toa lot, whe n there are long 8 of rail. For example, the differe nee in len gth ofrail, in summer and win ter,9 the dista nee betwee n London and Edinburgh, is about 1/4 mile.We 10 keep in our minds and must not forget the expa nsion

23、of metalwhe n we build a very long metal bridge 11 . So spaces are left in the places12 the metal is joined.When 13 colder, it becomes smaller in size. We can make use of the14 that solids expa nd whe n they are heated, and become smaller in sizewhe n they get colder, and 15 they do it at differe nt

24、 16 .For example, when an iron band（ 铁箍）has to fit tightly 17 a woodenwheel, first we make it 18 than the wheel, then we 19 it, so that it goes oneasily. When it gets colder, it becomes smaller in size and 20 the wheel verytightly.1. A. leavesB. is leftC. leftD. has left2. A. hotB. wetC. coldD. dry3

25、. A. is not allowedB. is allowedC. were not allowedD. were allowed4. A? inB. offC. out ofD. with5. A. in cide ntsB.happe ningsC. troubleD. accide nts6. A. AlthoughB. IfC. BecauseD. After7. A. moreB. someC.bitD. small8. A. differe ncesB.le ngthsC. railwaysD. ways9. A. onB. i nC. overD. from10. A. hav

26、e toB. canC. mayD. need11. A. eitherB. aga inC. elseD. too12. A. thatB. whichC. whereD. whe n13. A. solids getB.the solids getC. solid getsD. a solid gets14. A. reas onB. factC. causeD. way15. A. whichB. whereC. thatD. so16. A. speedsB.expa nsionsC. con diti onsD. li nes17. A. onB. roundC. withD. wi

27、thin18. A. a little smallerB.a little Ion gerC. much smallerD. much larger19. A. coolB. heatC. warmD. wash20. A. carriesB. makesC.keepD. holds（四）（MET92）On Thursday after noon Mrs Clarke locked the door and went to thewome ns club as usual. It was a pleasa nt way of pass ing time1 an oldwoma n who li

28、ved 2 .When she came home she sen sed someth ing 3 .Had some one got in?The back door and the win dows were all 4 and there was no 5 of forcedentry （ 进入）.Had 6 bee n take n? She went from room to room, 7 , andfound her camera and spare watch 8 .The follow ing Thursday she went out at her 9 time, but

29、 did nt go tothe club.10 shetook a short walk in a park n earby and came home, 11 herself in throughthe back door. She settled dow n to wait and see what would 12 .It was 4 oclock whe n the front doorbell rang. Mrs Clarke was 13 tea atthe time. The bell rang again, and14 she heard her letter-box bei

30、ng pushed open. 15 the kettle（壶）ofboiling water, she moved quietly 16 the door. A 17 of wire appeared throughthe letter-box, and then a 18 . The wire turned and caught around the knob（ 圆形旋钮）on the doorlock. Mrs Clarke raised the kettle and 19 the waterover the hand. 20 was heard outside as the 21 fe

31、ll to the floor and the handwas pulled back, which was ?222 by the sound of running feet.It was nt I ong 23 the police caught the thief. And Mrs clarke wasgreatly 24 at the clubfor her successful 25.1. A. byB. toC. withD. for2. A. l on elyB. aloneC. awayD. busily3. A. terribleB.un comfortableC. unu

32、sualD. bad4. A. lockedB. openedC. brokenD. fixed5. A. sceneB. showC. sig nD. sight6. A. anythingB.no thi ngC. moneyD. jewels7. A. look ingB. exam iningC. search ingD. check ing8. A. losi ngB. missi ngC.l eavi ngD. disappeari ng9. A. sameB. spareC. specialD. usual10.A. ThereforeB. HoweverC. I nsteadD

33、. Agai n11.A. push ingB. lett ingC. pulli ngD. leadi ng12.A. appearB. followC. happenD. con ti nue13.A. cook ingB. makingC. bur ningD.servi ng14.A. the next moment B. for a whileC. i n timeD. at once15.A. .Putting downB. Lay ing asideC. Pick ing upD.Tak ing away16.A. towardsB. away fromC. from beh i

34、ndD.n ear17.A pileB. setC. lotD.piece18.A. ki nfeB. handC. letterD. key19.A. spreadB. droppedC. pouredD. covered20.A. A sad voiceB. A stra nge no iseC. A warning shout D. A sharp cry21.A. keyB. kettleC. door-lockD. wire22.A. followedB. causedC. producedD. ended23.A. beforeB. sinceC. un tilD. whe n24

35、.A. surprisedB. admiredC. in spiredD. supported25.A.self-satisfactio nB. self-protecti onC. self-respectD. self-service（五）（NMET92）The lecture on smok ing was over at last. As we boys were rush ingtowards the playgro und, Jim slipped by the table. The watch, which MrsSmith had 1 on the table as she s

36、tarted her lecture, disappeared.We were 2 to go back for class aga in whe n the headmaster called us3 and said, Ive got a little 4 for you boys. Mrs Smith has just lost her watchon the playgro und. This kindof thing has happened 5 , she says-it just 6 off her wrist. So? look aroundfor it, will you?

37、7 if youre clever eno ugh to find it. Lets 8 it clear the boy whodoes 9 will get a useful reward.At once we started looking for the watch. Everybody wished to be the10 one. Sudde nly, Jim stopped and bent dow n as if to 11 someth ing. And12 he was in front of Mrs Smith, all smiles, 13 the watch to h

38、er.Mrs Smith, however, did nt seem at all looked 14n fact, she lookedan gry. She took the watch without 15 a Tha nk you.Jim got 16-a large piece of paper from the headmaster, who 17him to write acompositi on 18 the dan gers of smok ing. What could 19 Jim write about?He had nt liste ned to the lectur

39、e and had nothing to say on the 20.1.A.see nB.droppedC.fou ndD.laid2. A.aboutB.ableC. sorryD.sure3.A.forwardB.togetherC. straightD.out4.A.fu nB.trickC. jobD.prize5.A.beforeB.nowC. hereD.there6.A.goesB.throwsC. slipsD.falls7.A.SayB.SeeC. GuessD.Check8.A.getB.putC. makeD.keep9.A.thisB.suchC. thatD.so1

40、0.A. luckyB.quickC. earlyD.worthy11.A.put dow nB.give away C. find outD.pick up12.A.the followi ng mome ntB.the n ext mome nt C. for a mome nt D. just a mome nt13. A. ha nding outB. turning in? C.givi ng upD. sending back14. A. pleasedB. hurtC. i nterestedD. worried15. A. justB. everC. evenD. almost

41、16. A. her puni shme ntB. her prizeC.his jobD. his reward17. A. hadB. madeC. toldD. helped18. A. ofB. onC. inD. at19. A. poorB.n ervousC. quickD. good20. A. lectureB. poi ntC. matterD. subject（六）（MET93）Where is the bus? I asked myself. I was going to be late 1theman ager was nt going tobe 2 . Tha nk

42、 God, here it is! The bus 3 round the corner and I got on. Tenminu tes later I was walki ng into the 4 where I work.Twe nty-five past nin e.I 5theman ager does nt no tice.But no 6 luck!Smith! shouted the manager. Late again. Whats your 7 this time?Im afraid the bus was late, Mr Brow n. 8 up earlier

43、tomorrow! Any way,go to your 9 at the coun ter. Well be opening in a few minutes.My first customer was a pretty gril weari ng a red dress. 10 her was ayoung man of about 25. He seemed very 11 , and every few seconds helooked 12 the main entrance. The girl 13 about ope ning a bank acco un t. Igave he

44、r the n ecessary 14 and she walked out. 15 , I no ticed a tall man bythe door, carry ing someth ing 16 with brow n paper. Turning to my nextcustomer, I was terrified to see a gun 17 out of his coat. The next moment alound no ise 18 my ears. Everythi ng went black. I was falli ngAfter19 seemed a very

45、 longtime, I opened my eyes and found myself in bed! 20 shaking from thememory of this terrible dream, I got dressed and ran out of the house. As21 , thebus was nt on time, and I got to the bank at 9:25.Smith! the man ager cried out in a voice like thu nder. 22 of yourexcuses! Go start work at on ce

46、! To my 23 , the first customer was a girl 24a red dress and beh ind her stood a man carry ing somethi ng wrapped inbrow n paper. The 25 ! Was nt that surprise of my life!1.A.asB.butC.a ndD.or2.A.pleasedB.worriedC.sorryD.patie nt3.A.ra nB.cameC.rodeD.drove4.A.hotelB.shopC.bankD.restuara nt5.A.believ

47、eB.expectC.guessD.hope6.A.muchB.suchC.moreD.this7.A.excuseB.ideaC.causeD.a nswer8.A.HurryB.SetC.CatchD.Get.9.A.bus in essB.jobC.placeD.spot10.A.BeforeB.Behi ndC.BeyondD.Agai nst11.A .nervous?B.shyC.calmD.angry12.A.dow nB.forC.towardsD.through13.A. caredB.talkedC.askedD.worried14.A.i nformatio n B.of

48、ferC.i ntroduct ion D.support15.A.Aga inB.The nC.ThusD.However16.A.hidde n B.rolledC.filledD.covered17.A.getti ng B.aimi ngC.appeari ngD.sticki ng18.A.tookB.shockC.filledD.tore19.A.whatB.whe nC.thatD.which2O.A.Eve nB.StillC.JustD.Ever21.A. usualB.pastC.suchD.yet22.A .LessB.Ple ntyC.MoreD.None23. A.

49、beliefB. surpriseC. joyD. regret24. A. ofB.withC. onD. i n25. A. dreamB. storyC. affairD. in cide nt(七) (NMET93)Jenkins was a jewller, who had made a large diamond ring worth57,000 for the Silkstone Jewellery Shop. When it was ready, he made acopy of it which looked 1 like the first one but was wort

50、h only 2,000.This hetook to the shop, which 2 it without a questi on.Jenkins gave the much more 3 ring to his wife for her fortiethbirthday.Then, the husba nd and wife 4 to Paris for a weeke nd. As to the 5ring, the shop sold it for 60,000.Six mon ths later the buyer 6 it back to Silkstdhes office.

51、Its a faultydiam ond, he said.It is nt worth the high 7 I paid. Then he told them the8 . His wifes car had caught fire in an 9 . She had escaped. 10 the ring hadfalle n off and bee n damaged in the great 11 of the fire.The shop had to 12 . They knew that no fire on earth can 13 damage aperfect diam

52、ond. Some one had take n the 14 diam ond and put a faultyone in its place. The questio n was: who 15 it?A picture of the ring appeared in the 16 .A reader thought he 17 the ring.The next day, ano ther picture appeared in the papers which 18 a famousdancer walk ing out to a pla ne for Paris. Beh ind

53、the dancer there was awoma n 19 a large diam ond ring. Do you know the 20 with the lovely diamond rin g? the papers asked their readers. Several mon ths later, Jenkinswas sentenced to seve n years in pris on.（八）（MET93H）Do you believe in love at first sight? Many people an swer No, wedont, but I say

54、I do.1? Ill tell you my story.From childhood, I like people 2 blue eyes. I had a few dolls and I 3 theireyes blue. I was really very 4 with my blue-eyed dolls.Time rushed byquickly, 5 I was not a child 6 . I had finished my studies 7 I was 20. I like todrive my fathers old car. 8 I went to nearby to

55、wn. I was busy that day. I 9 mycar near the office 10 I had to go. In a few minu tes, I came 11 and a youngpolicema n 12 for me n ear my car. I was not happy to 13 him. He tried toexplai n that I 14 my car in the wrong place, but I could nt concen trate （ 集1.A. only2. A. accepted3. A. real4. A. flew

56、5. A. first6. A. sold7. A. cost8. A. facts9. A. affair10.A. so11.A. pile12.A. thi nk13.A. almost14.A.real15.A. copied16.A. notices17.A. saw18.A.showed19.A. carryingB. surelyB.receivedB. moder nB. droveB.secondB. postedB. moneyB. mattersB. accide ntB. orB.heatB. agreeB. evenB. pureB. madeB. magaz ine

57、sB. knewB. drewB.dress ingB. woma nC. n earlyC. refusedC. worthyC. sailedC. lastC. broughtC. priceC. questionsC. in cide ntC. butC. powerC. permitC.justC. rightC. stoleD. exactlyD. rejectedD. valuableD. bicycledD. nextD. returnedD. valueD. resultsD. experie neeD. andD. pressureD. promiseD. everD. ex

58、actD. didC. n ewspapers D. programmesC. fou ndC. prin ted ?C. weari ngC. readerD. recog nizedD. carriedD. holdi ngD.jeweller中 精力）on his 15 . I had to 16 his beautiful blue eyes. He 17 ? his wordsbut I did not 18 him well. He became 19 and began to speak 20 a loud voice.I paid him the fine（ 罚款） and I

59、 said to him, Your 21 are so nice. He smiledand said goodbye to me.In the evening this blue-eyed policema n 22 me up. The followi ng daywe went to the cin ema. 23 ? My story has a happy 24. We married and we25 live happily together.1. A.HowB. WhatC. WhyD. When2. A. ofB. withC. i nD. for3. A. drewB.

60、enjoyedC. fou ndD. pain ted4. A. kindB. satisfiedC.happyD. disappo in ted5. A. soonB. afterwardsC. shortlyD. immediately6. A. once moreB. any moreC. alreadyD. altogether7. A. soB. yetC. andD. as8. A. At firstB. I n timeC. OnceD. Early9. A. stoppedB. keptC. leftD. put10.A. whichB. thatC. whe nD. wher