初中英语八大时态讲解及练习(全)

1、一、一般现在时：概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况.时间状语：always,usually,often,sometimes,everyweek(day,year,month),onceaweek,onSundays,etc.根本结构:be动词；行为动词否认形式:am/is/are+not;此时态的谓语动词假设为行为动词,那么在其前加dont,如主语为第三人称单数,那么用doesnt,同时复原行为动词.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首；用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,那么用does,同时,复原行为动词.在一般现在时中,当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式,即常

2、在动词原形后加-s或-es.一、人称代词he,she,it是第三人称单数.如：HelikeswatchingTV.他喜欢看电视.Shehaslunchattwelve.她十二点吃午餐.Itlookslikeacat.它看起来像只猫.(口诀：I用am,you用are,is用于她他它,单数名词用is,复数名词都用are)二、单个人名、地名或称呼作主语;是第三人称单数.如：HanMeilookslikehermother.韩梅看起来像她的母亲.BeijingisinChina.北京在中国.UncleWangoftenmakescakes.王叔叔经常做蛋糕.三、单数可数名词或this/that/the

3、+单数可数名词作主语时,是第三人称单数.如：Ahorseisausefulanimal.马是有用的动物.Thisbookisyours.这本书是你的.四、不定代词someone,somebody,nobody,everything,something等及指示代词this,that作主语时,是第三人称单数.如：Everyoneishere.大家到齐了.Thereissomethingwrongwiththewatch.这块手表有毛病.五、不可数名词作主语时为第三人称单数.如：Themilkisintheglass.牛奶在玻璃杯里.Thebreadisverysmall.那面包很小.六、当数字或字

4、母作主语时,看作第三人称单数.如：6isaluckynumber.6是个吉利数字.【练习】一、单项选择1Jennyinanoffice.Herparentsahospital.AworkworksBworksworkCworkareworkingDisworkingwork2 OneoftheboysAhaveBthereisCthereareDhas3 WewillgoshoppingAdontrainBdidntrainCdoesntrainDisntrain4 Hheeastandinthewest.Arose;s

5、etBrises;setsCrises,setDrise;sets5 WangMeimusicandoftentomusic.Alike;listenBlikes;listensClike;arelisteningDliking;listen6 JennyEnglisheveryevening.AhasstudyBstudiesCstudyDstudied二、填空1 IcantakeLiMingtherewhenhe(come)tovisit.2 yoursister(know)English?3Herhome(远离)herschool.4Thepot(notlook)likeyoursver

6、ymuch.5 Whereyou(have)luncheveryday?6 Who(想要)togoswimming?7 she(do)thehouseworkeveryday?8 JennyandDannyusually(play)gamesintheafternoon.二、一般过去时：概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为.时间状语：ago,yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,lastweek(year,night,month),in1989,justnow,attheageof5,oneday,longlongago,onceupo

7、natime,etc.一般过去时的结构(可分三类不同的结构)1 .Be动词的一般过去时在没有实义动词的句子中使用be动词,amis的过去式为was;are的过去式为were肯定句式:主语+be(was,were)+其它.否认句式：主语+be(was,were)+not+其它.一般疑问句:Be(was,were)+主语+其它？注:在这种构成中,be动词有人称和数的变化,即要根据主语选用was/were.Be动词分为单数和复数,was是表示单数,were是表示复数.2 .实义动词的一般过去时态肯定句要使用动词的过去式,否认句和疑问句要使用助动词do和does的过去式did.肯定句式:主语+动词过去

8、式+其它否认句式:主语+didnt+动词原形+其它【didnot=didn4t一般疑问句:Did+主语+动词原形+其它do,does的过去时均为did?注：1.did和didn、是构成一般过去时的助动词,其特点是要在其后跟动词的原形.3 .实意动词do的一般过去时Idomyhomeworkeveryday.用yesterday改写句子Ididmyhomeworkyesterday.Ididntdomyhomeworkyesterday.否认句Didyoudoyourhomeworkyesterday?Yes,Idid./No,Ididnt.一般疑问句3.情态动词的一般过去时态含有情态动词的一般

9、过去时与含有Be动词的一般过去时,是十分相似,请注意观察.肯定句式:主语+情态动词+其它否认句式:主语+情态动词+not+其它.一般疑问句:情态动词+主语+其它？注:情态动词的过去式:can-could,maymight,mustmust,will-wou1d,shou1d-shouId.4 .特殊疑问句式:特殊疑问词+be过去式+主语+其他？特殊疑问词+情态助动词过去式+主语+动词原形+其他？特殊疑问词+do/does过去式+主语+动词原形+其他？Whatwasyourformername?你以前叫什么名字？WhywashelateforschoollastMonday?上星期一他为什么迟到

10、?Whatcouldshedotwentyyearsago?20年前她能做什么?规那么动词的过去式1 .一般情况下,在动词原形后面加-ed.look-*lookedplayplayedstartfstartedvisit-*visitedpull-pulled,cook-cooked2 .以不发音e结尾的动词,在词尾直接加-d.live-*liveduse-*usedtaste-tasted3 .以一辅音字母+y|结尾的动词,先将y改为i,再加-edostudyfstudiedtry-*triedflyflied4 .以重读闭音节即辅音+元音+辅音或r音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,要先

11、双写这个辅音字母后,再加-edostopfstoppedplan-plannedstopstoppedpreferfpreferred5 .不规那么动词的过去式需特殊记忆.如：amis-was,are-were是,become_became成为go-went走根本用法表示过去某个特定时间发生的动作或存在的状态.Hesuddenlyfellilllastnight.他昨晚忽然病倒了.表示过去的习惯性或经常发生的动作Shewenttothecinemaonceamonthwhenshewasatalkedbytheriverside.我在乡下时经常在河边散步.表达过去连续发生的一件件事Shegot

12、upearly,fetchedwater,cleanedtheroomandthenwentoutforawalk.她早早起床,提水,清扫房间然后出去散步.【练习】一、请用正确动词形式填空1. HeliveinWuxitwoyearsago.2. Thecateatabirdlastnight.3. We(have)apartylastHalloween.4. Nancy(pick)uporangesonthefarmlastweek.5. I(make)amodelshipwithMikeyesterday.6. They(play)chessintheclassroomlastPEless

13、on.7. Mymother(cook)anicefoodlastSpringFestival.8. Thegirls(dance)atthepartylastnight.9. I(watch)acartoononSaturdaylastweek.10. you(visit)yourrelativeslastSpringFestival?11. he(fly)akiteonSunday?Yes,he.12. GaoShan(put)upthepicturelastnight.13. I(sweep)theflooryesterday.14. Whatshe(find)inthegardenla

14、stmorning?15. Herfather(read)anewspaperlastnight.16. Mike(notgo)tobeduntil12oclocklastnight.17. Ilistenedbut(hear)nothing.18. Howmanypeople(be)thereinyourclasslastterm?按要求变换句型.1. Frankreadaninterestingbookabouthistory.(一般疑I、可句)Frankaninterestingbookabouthistory?2. Hecleanedhisroomjustnow.(划线提问)Whath

15、e?3. ThomasspentRMB10onthisbook.(否认句)ThomasRMB10onthisbook.4. Myfamilywenttothebeachlastweek.(划线提问)familylastweek?1. I(have)anexcitingpartylastweekend.2. she(practice)herguitaryesterday?No,she3. WhatTom(do)onSaturdayevening?He(watch)TVand(read)aninterestingbook.4. Theyall(go)tothemountainsyesterdaym

16、orning.5. She(notvisit)herauntlastweekend.She(stay)athomeand(do)somecleaning.6. Whenyou(write)thissong?I(write)itlastyear.7. Myfriend,Carol,(study)forthemathtestand(practice)Englishlastnight.8. Mr.Li(do)theprojectonMondaymorning?Yes,he.9. How(be)Jim,sweekend?It(benot)bad.10. (be)yourmotherasalesassi

17、stantlastyear?No.she三、现在进行时：概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为.构成:be+现在分词.be应为助动词,应与主语的人称和数保持一致.【注】动词现在分词的变化规那么1 .一般情况下,直接在动词后加-ing,如：work-workingstudy-studying2 .动词以不发音的一e结尾,要去-e加-ing,如：make-makingdance-dancing3 .重读闭音节的动词,要双写词尾字母,再加-ing,如：put-puttingbegin-beginning4 .以-ie结尾的动词,把一ie变成y再加一ing,如：lie-lyingtie-tyin

18、g写出以下动词的现在分词形式danceshopplayspeakhaveworkwritetakestudysitsingswimlie变化：肯定句式:主语+be(am,is,are)+现在分词+其它.否认句式：主语+be(am,is,are)+not+现在分词+其它.一般疑问句:Be(am,is,are)+主语+现在分词+其它？特殊疑问句：疑问词+be(am,is,are)+主语+现在分词+其它？对现在进行时的特殊疑问句的答复,它不可以用Yes或No直接作答,要根据实际情况答复.用法(包括高级用法)：1,表示说话时正在进行或发生的动作.Pleasedontmakesomuchnoise.Im

19、writingacomposition.不要吵闹.我正在写作文.Letssetoff.Itisn41rainingnow.咱们出发吧.现在不下雨了.这类情况常与now现在,atthepresent现在,atthemoment现在,today今天,thisweek这个星期,thisyear今年等时间状语连用.有时通过上下文可以判断出应采用何种时态,如:Itsfouroclockintheafternoon.Thechildrenareplayingfootballonthesportsground.现在是下午四点.孩子们在操场上踢足球.Hurryup!Weareallwaitingforyou.

20、快点！我们大家都等着你.Look!Theyarereadingoverthereunderthetree.看！他们在那边的树底下看书.Listen!Sheissingingintheroom.听！她在房间里唱歌.WhereisKate?Sheisreadingintheroom.凯特在哪里？她在房间里看书.Whyareyoucrying?Issomethingwrong?为什么哭呢？有什么不对？2,表示现阶段正在进行而说话时不一定在进行的动作.Weareworkinginafactorythesedays.这几天我们在一家工厂工作.Theyarecompilingadictionary.他们在

21、编一本词典.这类情况常与today今天,thisweek这个星期,thisevening今天晚,thesedays现在、目前等时间状语连用.3,在口语中表示主语方案将要作的动作.TheyareleavingforNewYorktomorrow.明天他们将要动身前往纽约.Isyourbrotherdepartingsoon?你的兄弟很快就要启程吗？这类情况常与come来,go去,leave离开,depart离开,arrive到达,stay逗留,start开始等动词连用.所用的动词必须是动作而不是状态,主语必须是人.4,现在进行时与always等副词连用时带有感情色彩.Hesalwaysquarr

22、ellingwithothers.他老喜欢跟别人吵架.Sheisconstantlyworryingabouthersonshealth.她不停地为她儿子的健康担忧着.Theboyisforeveraskingquestions.那个男孩老是问问题.这类情况常与always总是,usually通常,continually不断的,constantly经常的,forever永远、老是等副词连用.5,有的现在进行时句子和一般现在时同义.用现在进行时表示问者的关切心情.Howareyoufeelingtoday?(Howdoyoufeeltoday?)你今天感觉如何?Iamlooking(look)f

23、orwardtoyournextvisit.我盼望你下次再来.Whyareyoulooking(doyoulook)sosad?为什么你看起来这么愁眉苦脸的样子呢？6,有的动词用于现在进行时表示一逐渐II的含义.此种用法除了偶尔和now连用外,一般不和其他时间副词连用的.Ourstudyisbecomingmoreinteresting.我们的学习变得越来越有趣了.Theleavesareturningred.树叶渐渐地变红了.Thewarisending.战争接近尾声了.Waitamoment;Iamfinishingmysupper.等一会儿,我的晚饭就要吃完To适合于此种用法的动词有:b

24、et/grow/become/turn/run/go变成,begin开始,forget忘记,remember记得,die死,finish完成,find发现,rise增强等.7,-beII动词的现在进行时.一beII动词用于现在进行时表示说话者认为是短暂的、和平常不一样的、甚至是伪装的.Heisbeingfoolish.他在装傻.Heisbeinghonest.他表现得特别老实.Sheisbeingrude.她成心表现粗鲁.Icantunderstandwhyheisbeingsoselfish.我不明白此时他为何如此自私.适合于此种用法的有：foolish愚蠢的,nice好的,kind好心的,

25、careful细心的,patient耐心的,lazy懒惰的,silly傻的,rude粗鲁的,polite礼貌的,impolite无礼的等表示人的特性、性格的形容词.一beII动词用于现在进行时表示人的行为,纯粹表示心理或生理的状态而不带有行动时或主语不是人时,-beII动词不能用于现在进行时如：Iamhappy.表语是纯粹的心理状态,不可用ambeing我很快乐.Hestired.表语是纯粹的生理状态,不可用isbeing他很疲倦.Itshottoday.主语不是人,不可用isbeing今天很热.【练习】填空题1. MrZhengreadabooknow.2. Therabbits(jump)

26、now.3. .Look!TomandJohn(swim).4. Mybrother(make)akiteinhisroomnow.5. Look!Thebus(stop).6. We(have)anEnglishclassnow.7. Listen!Someoneis(come).8. They(catch)butterfliesnow.9. He(do)anexperimentnow.10. They(collect)stampsnow.11. Look!He(dive)now.12. Tom(watch)TVinthediningroom.13. Thedoctors(get)offth

27、ebus.14. Comeon.They(leave)now.15. It(eat)fishnow.16. Myfather(work)intheofficenow.17. Whereisyourmother?She(answer)thephone.18. Theteachersrunnow.二、按要求改写句子1 .Theboyisplayingbasketball.否认句:一般疑问句:肯定答复:否认答复:对Theboy提问:2 .造句：1） .she,thewindow,open,now.用现在进行时连词成句.2） .is,who,thewindow,cleaning?连词成句3） .She

28、isclosingthedoornow.改成否认句4） Youaredoingyourhomework.用“I作主语改写句子5） .they,thetree,sing,now,under.用现在进行时连词成句.6） .TheYoungPioneersarehelpingtheoldwoman.改成一般疑问句四、过去进行时:一概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作.二结构:were/were+V-ing.三标志词：1. atthis/thattime,2. atthis/thattimeyesterdaylastnight/Sunday/week,3. at+点钟+yeste

29、rdaylastnight/Sunday,4. whensb/sth.didsth.lastevening5. thewholemorning,allday,fromninetoten,while等.例如：Iwasmakingfruitsaladatthistime.Theywerestudyingfrom8:00to11:00yesterday.四一般过去时的肯定句、否认句、疑问句及简略答复.1 .肯定句:主语+was/were+V-ing+其它.IwaswatchingTVatthattimelastnight.2 .否认句:主语+was/were+not+V-ing+其它,Iwasnot

30、watchingTVatthattimelastnight.3 .一股疑问句：was/were+主语+V-ing+其它？-WereyouwatchingTVatthattimelastnight?肯定答复：Yes,Iwas.否认答复：o,Iwasnt.4 .特殊问句：疑问词+was/were+主语+V-ing+其它？-Whatwereyoudoingatatthattimelastnight?五根本用法：1 .过去进行时表示在过去某个时间点发生的动作或事情.用介词短语和从句来表示时间点IwassleepingatthistimelastSunday.过去某时亥ljMymotherwascook

31、ingdinnerat9:00yesterday.过去某时亥ljWewerehavingsupperwhenTomcamein.我们正在吃晚饭时响了？从句表示时间点2 .过去进行时表示在过去某段时间内持续发生动作或事情.thewholemorning,allday,fromninetoten,while,when等.Lucywasworkingallday.过去某一段时间WewerewatchingTVfromsevenoclocktonineoclocklastnight.3 .在复合从句中,从句和主句的动作都是延续性或同时发生,那么主从句都要过去进行时.Whilehewaswaitingf

32、orthebus,hewasresdingnewspaper.他边等车边看报.两个动作都是延续的HewascleaninghiscarwhileIwascooking.他洗车时我在做饭.两个动作同时进行六when和while的用法区别when既指时间点,也可指一段时间.因此when在状语从句中的动词可以终止性动词,也可以是延续性动词while只指一段时间.while从句中的动词必须是延续性动词.when说明从句的动作和主句的动作可以是同时,也可以是先后生；while那么强调主句的动作在从句动作的发生的过程中或主从句两个动作同时发生.when引导的时间状语从句.后用一般过去时.While后面一般

33、用过去进行时.如果从句和主句的动作同时发生,两句都用过去进行时的时候,多用while引导,a.Whentheteachercamein,weweretalking.=Whileweweretalking,theteachercamein.b.Theyweresingingwhileweweredancing.【练习】1. Iat8:00yesterday.A. wassleepinglateB. sleptlateC. sleeplate2. Theyatthistime.A. talkingonthephoneB. weretalkingonthephoneB.wastalkingonthe

34、phone3.Lilywasstandinginfrontofthelibrary.A.twohoursagoB.tomorrowC. atthattimeyesterday4. IwhentheUFOarrived?A. wascuttinghairB. wascuttinghairC. cuttinghair5.Myfatherwasreadingnewspapermymotherwascookingdinner.A. whenB. whileC. what6. Mybrotherwhilehehisbicycleandhurthimself.A. fell,wasridingB. fel

35、l,wereridingC. fell,rode7. IfirstmetLisathreeyearsago.Sheataradioshopatthetime.A.worked8. wasworking.Cisworking8. whatwereyoudoingatsevenoclocklastSunday?1theshower.A. wasgettingoutofB. gotoutofC. wasgetoutof9. Imybreakfastwhenthebellrang.A. hadB. washavingC. amhaving10ThereportersaidthattheUFOeastt

36、owestwhenhesawit.1. wastraveling8. traveled9. traveling11. Whatsthematter,Ali?Youlooksad.liOh,nothingmuch,infact,Iofmyfriendsbackhome.A.justthoughtB.havejustbeenthinkingC.wasjustthinking12. Whatfromthreetofouryesterdayafternoon?A.haveyoudoneB.didyoudoC.wereyoudoing13. 1calledyouyesterdayevening,butt

37、herewasnoanswer.Oh,I?msorryIdinneratmyfriendshome.A. hadB. washavingC. have14. MymotherwhilemyfatherTV.A. cooked,waswatchingB. wascooking,waswatchingC. cooked,watched15. whenIgothome,mysonthemusic.A.amlisteningB. listenedtoC. waslistening二、动词填空.1. John(work)alldayyesterday.2. He(walk)homewhentherain

38、(begin).3. Whatyou(do)attenoclockyesterday?I(study)inclass.4. WhileHarry(have)breakfast,Lilytelephonedhim.5. I(write)aletterattenlastnight.6. Itwassix.TheGreens(have)supper.7. Whenyou(knock)atthedooryesterday,I(do)somewashing.8. Whilemymother(watch)TV,I(make)akite.9. you(feed)theanimalsat5:00yesterd

39、ayafternoon?10. MrsGreen(notwash)clothesatthistimelastSaturday.三、按要求改写句子.1. IwasgettingoutofbedwhentheUFOlanded.(对划线局部提问)youwhentheUFOlanded?2. Theyplayedtennisyesterdayafternoon.用at5:00yesterdayafternoon改写句子Theytennisat5:00yesterdayafternoon.3. Whileitwasraining,theplanetookoff.改为同义句Itwasrainingthe

40、planeoff.4. 昨晚八点钟我爸爸在看报纸.Myfatheranewspaperat8:00yesterdayevening.5. 响时,我妈妈在做晚饭.Mymotherwhenthephone.6. 当外星人买纪念品时,我报了警.thealienwasbuyingasuvenir,Ithepolice.7. Iwaswashingmyshoesatthattime.改为一般问句yourshoesatthattime?五、现在完成时：概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态.一构成:主语+have/has+V过去分词.一have/ha

41、sII如何使用需记清.当主语是I,you和复数名词或代词时要用have;单数主语后跟has.也就是说have/has需同主语的人称或数保持一致.二用法接触一:肯定句式现在完成时的肯定句式是一havehas+过去分词II.如：Wehavejustfinishedourhomework.Shehasgonehome.注意：1该句式中的have或has是助动词,has用于第三人称单数,其它人称一律用haveo2该句式中havehas和过去分词之间可用just插入.3把该句式译成汉语时,往往用一已经II、一刚刚II、一过II或一了II等.接触二:疑问句式现在完成时的一般疑问句式是把助动词have或ha

42、s提到主语之前.如： Haveyoureadthisstorybookyet?特殊疑问句及反意疑问句结构如下： Whathaveyoudonewithmybike? Youvereadthisstorybook,haventyou?注意：D现在完成时的一般疑问句往往在句末加yeto2把现在完成时的一般疑问句译成汉语时,往往译成一过吗？II、一已经了吗？II等.3其肯定答复用一Yes,.havehas.II,否认答复用No,.haven,thasn,t.II,有时用一No,notyet.II或一No,never.II.接触三:否认句式:现在完成时的否认句式是一haventhasnt+过去分词II

43、.如： Wehaven51studiedUnit2yet.Thetrainhasn,tstoppedyet.注意:1现在完成时的否认句句末往往加yeto2否认句常译为一还没有II等.接触四：用法之一:现在完成时表示过去发生或完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果.如：Haveyoureadthatstory?你读过那个故事吗？一读II这一动作发生在过去,对现在造成的影响是:是否知道故事的内容.Ihaveboughttwoapples.我买了两个苹果.一买II这一动作发生在过去,对现在造成的结果是:拥有两个苹果.在学习这一概念的同时,还应注意常与现在完成时连用的儿个副is：already,just

44、,ever,yet,neveralready,just多用于肯定句中,ever,yet,never多用于疑问句和否认句中.如：Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework.我已经做完家庭作业了.Hehasjusthadhismeal.他刚吃过饭.HaveyoueversungthisEnglishsong?你曾唱过这首英文歌吗？Theyhaventstartedyet.他们还没有动身.Wehaveneverheardofit.我们从来没有听说过这件事.接触五:用法之二:表示过去已经开始,一直持续到现在的动作或状态.注:这一用法即现在完成进行时的用法由于表示的是持续的动作或状态,

45、所以使用的动词通常是延续性动词:be,stay,study,wait,keep,have等;使用的时间状语通常由for或since引导,但二者后接的词有所不同：for后常跟一个时间段,指某个动作到现在为止已持续了多长时间,如forthreeyears,forhalfanhour等.since作介词,后面可以接一个时间点,如since1980,也可以接一一段时间+agoII,如：sincethreeyearsago,sincetwomonthsago等0since还可用作连词,引导一个过去时态的时间状语从句.如：Wehaveknowneachothersincewewenttocollege.非

46、延续性动词不能直接和for或since连用,但我们可以找一个相应的延续性动词或动词短语来替换这些非延续性动词,如：comefbe,cometobein/at,gooutfbeout,leavebeaway,begin/startbeon,stop-beover,buy-have,borrow-keep,open-*beopen,close-*beclosed,join-*beamemberof,die-*bedead,catchacold-haveacold,gettoknow-*know,becomeateacherbeateacher,fallasleepbeasleep,fallill-

47、beill等.句型Itisthefirst(second,third.)timethat.的that从句中,谓语动词须用现在完成时,表示到说话时为止动作发生过几次.如：ItisthefirsttimethatIhavebeenhere.接触六:现在完成时与一般过去时的用法比拟现在完成时表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响；一般过去时表示动作发生的时间在过去.试比拟：Theplanehasarrived.飞机已经来了.(说明现在的情况:飞机在这儿.)Theplanearrivedaquarterofanhourago.飞机是一刻钟以前抵达的.(强调动作发生的时间在过去.)接触七：havebeenin,

48、havebeento与havegoneto的用法1. have(has)beenin意为一已经在某地呆了多长时间II,常与表示一段时间的状语连用.如：Mr.BrownhasbeeninShanghaiforthreedays.布朗先生来上海已经有三天了.TheyhavebeeninCanadaforfiveyears.他们到加拿大有五年了.2. have(has)beento意为一曾经去过某地II,表示现在已经不在那里了.可与just,ever,never等连用.如：rvejustbeentothepostoffice.我刚刚去邮局了.HaveyoueverbeentoHangzhou?你曾经

49、去过杭州吗？MaryhasneverbeentotheGreatWall.玛丽从未去过长城.3. have(has)beento后面可接次数,表示去过某地几次.如：rvebeentoBeijingthreetimes.我去过北京三次.Theyhavebeentothatvillageseveraltimes.他们去过那个村庄好儿次了.4. have(has)goneto意为一到某地去了II,表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中.总之,说话时该人不在现场,一般不用第一、第二人称代词作句子的主语.如:一WhereisTom?汤姆在哪里?一Hehasgonetothebookshop.他到书店去了.接触八

50、:常用于现在完成时的时间状语除了我们讲过的already,yet,still,just,ever,never,since短语和for短语外,还有许多时间状语常用于现在完成时,我们要留心将它们和一般过去时的时间状语区分开来:1. lately,recently是完成时的时间状语；justnow有amomentago之意,是过去时的时间状语.如：Haveyouheardfromyourfamilylately/recently?DidyouseeJoanjustnow?2. inthepastfewyears意思是一过去几年来II,常用于完成时中；inthepast意思是一在过去II,常用于过去时

51、中.如:Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometowninthepastfewyears.Wheredidyouworkinthepast?3. eversincethen与fromthenon/afterthat都有一打那以后II之意,但前者常用于完成时,而后两者常用于过去时如：Sheslivedhereeversincethen.IdidnthearofJimfromthenon/afterthat.4. before通常用于完成时;.ago通常用于过去时.如：IhaveneverbeentoJapanbefore.ShewenttoJapantwoyears

52、ago.5. sofar一到目前为止II,thesedays这些天来II也是现在完成时常见的时间状语.如:Sofar,nomanhastravelledfartherthanthemoon.Whathaveyoudonethesedays?接触八:过去分词有规那么与不规那么两种.规那么的变化形式与动词的过去式一样.不规那么就需要记忆了不规那么动词过去式和过去分词A.原型:过去式和过去分词完全不同drinkdrankdrunkringrangrungswimswamswumsingsangsungsinksanksunkgivegavegivenhidehidhiddendodiddonesee

53、sawseenB.过去式与过去分词完全相同brightbroughtbroughtthinkthoughtthoughtfightfoughtfoughtbuyboughtboughtcatchcaughtcaughtsellsoldsoldC.原型与过去分词相同comecamecomerunranrunbecomebecamebecomeD.原形与过去式和过去分词完全相同castcastcastcutcutcutputputputletletletsetsetsethithithit【练习】一、用所给动词的适当形式填空.1. Inever(speak)toaforeigner.2. Tom(

54、return)thelibrarybook?-Yes,hehas.3. Whenhe(return)it?Halfanhourago.二、按要求转换以下各句,每空一词.1、Hehasalreadyfinishedhishomework.(改为否认句)Hefinishedhishomework.2. Theyhavefoundthelostbooksalready.改为一般疑问句,并作否认回答theythelostbooks?No,they.3. Juliahasnotgothomefromschoolyet.改为肯定句Juliahomefromschool.4. Youhaveneverbee

55、ntoShanghaibefore,?改为反意疑问句5. HesgonetoBeijing,?改为反意疑问句6. MrWangbegantoteachEnglishinthisschoolin1999.改为同义句MrWangEnglishinthisschoolsince1999.7. Hehasntlefthomefor3days.同义句Hehomefor3days.三、选择正确答案.1.一WhoisMary?Isawyoutalkingwithheratthemeeting.A.Dontyoumeetheryet8. DidntyoumetheryetC. HaventyoumetheryetD. Hadntyoumetheryet()2.-HowdoyoulikeBeijing,MrBlack?一Oh,Isuchabeautifulcity.A. dontvisitB. didn,tvisitC. haven,tvisitedD. hadn,tvisited()3.Theoldpeoplelonelyatallsince