2016年6月英语六级真题及答案解析

1、2016年6月英语六级真题及答案解析2016年6月大英语六级考试真题及答案解析Part I Writing(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayonlivinginthevirtualworld.Trytoimaginewhatwillhappenwhenpeoplespendmoreandmoretimeinthevirtualworldinsteadofinteractingintherealworld.Youarerequiredtowriteatleast150wordsbut

2、nomorethan200words.Part II ListeningComprehension(30minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesma

3、rkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.1 .A)ProjectorganizerB)Publicrelationsofficer.C)Marketingmanager.D)Marketresearchconsultant.2 .A)Quantitativeadvertisingresearch.B)Questionnairedesign.

4、C)Researchmethodology.D)Interviewertraining.3 .A)Theyareintensivestudiesofpeople'sspendinghabits.B)Theyexaminerelationsbetweenproducersandcustomers.C)Theylookfornewandeffectivewaystopromoteproducts.D)Theystudytrendsorcustomersatisfactionoveralongperiod.4 .A)Thelackofpromotionopportunity.B)Checki

5、ngchartsandtables.C)Designingquestionnaires.D)Thepersistentintensity.Questions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.5 .A)HisviewonCanadianuniversities.B)Hisunderstandingofhighereducation.C)Hissuggestionsforimprovementsinhighereducation.D)HiscomplaintaboutbureaucracyinAmericanuniversities.6 .

6、A)Itiswelldesigned.B)Itisratherinflexible.C)Itvariesamonguniversities.D)Ithasundergonegreatchanges.7 .A)TheUnitedStatesandCanadacanlearnfromeachother.B)Publicuniversitiesareoftensuperiortoprivateuniversities.C)Everyoneshouldbegivenequalaccesstohighereducation.D)Privateschoolsworkmoreefficientlythanp

7、ublicinstitutions.8 .A)Universitysystemsvaryfromcountrytocountry.B)Efficiencyisessentialtouniversitymanagement.C) Itishardtosaywhichisbetter,apublicuniversityoraprivateone.D) ManyprivateuniversityintheU.S.Areactuallylargebureaucracies.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwopassages.Attheendo

8、feachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions9to11arebasedonthepassageyouhaveju

9、stheard.9 .A)Government'sroleinresolvinganeconomiccrisis.B) Theworseningrealwagesituationaroundtheworld.C) IndicationsofeconomicrecoveryintheUnitedStates.D) Theimpactofthecurrenteconomiccrisisonpeople'slife.E) .A)Theywillfeellesspressuretoraiseemployees'wages.B) Theywillfeelfreetochooset

10、hemostsuitableemployees.C) Theywillfeelinclinedtoexpandtheirbusinessoperations.D) Theywillfeelmoreconfidentincompetingwiththeirrivals.11 .A)Employeesandcompaniescooperatetopullthroughtheeconomiccrisis.B) Governmentandcompaniesjoinhandstocreatehobsfortheunemployed.C) Employeesworkshorterhourstoavoidl

11、ayoffs.D) Teamworkwillbeencouragedincompanies.Questions12to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.12 .A)Whethermemorysupplementswork.B) Whetherherbalmedicineworkswonders.C) Whetherexerciseenhancesone'smemory.D) Whetheramagicmemorypromisessuccess.13 .A)Theyhelptheelderlymorethantheyoung.B) Theyar

12、ebeneficialinonewayoranother.C) Theygenerallydonothavesideeffects.D) Theyarenotbasedonrealscience.14 .A)Theyareavailableatmostcountryfairs.B)Theyaretakeninrelativelyhighdosage.C)Theyarecollectedorgrownbyfarmers.D)Theyareprescribedbytrainedpractitioners.15 .A)Theyhaveoftenprovedtobeashelpfulasdoingme

13、ntalexercise.B)Takingthemwithothermedicationsmightentailunnecessaryrisks.C)Theireffectlastsonlyashorttime.D)Manyhavebenefitedfromthem.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreerecordingsoflecturesortalksfollowedbythreeorfourquestions.Therecordingswillbeplayedonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,you

14、mustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.16 .A)Howcatastrophicnaturaldisastersturnouttobetodevelopingnations.B)HowtheWorldMeteorologicalOrganizationst

15、udiesnaturaldisasters.C)Howpowerlesshumansappeartobeinfaceofnaturaldisasters.D)Howthenegativeimpactsofnaturaldisasterscanbereduced.17 .A)Bytrainingrescueteamsforemergencies.B)Bytakingstepstopreparepeopleforthem.C)Bychangingpeople'sviewsofnature.D)Byrelocatingpeopletosaferplaces.18 .A)Howpreventi

16、veactioncanreducethelossoflife.B)HowcourageousCubansareinfaceofdisasters.C)HowCubanssufferfromtropicalstorms.D)Howdestructivetropicalstormscanbe.Questions19to22arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.19 .A)PaybacktheirloanstotheAmericangovernment.B)Provideloanstothoseinseverefinancialdifficulty.C)Con

17、tributemoretothegoalofawiderrecovery.D)Speeduptheirrecoveryfromthehousingbubble.20 .A)Somebanksmayhavetomergewithothers.B)Manysmallerregionalbanksaregoingtofail.C)Itwillbehardforbankstoprovidemoreloans.D)Manybankswillhavetolayoffsomeemployees.21 .A)Itwillworkcloselywiththegovernment.B)Itwillendeavor

18、towriteoffbadloans.C)Itwilltrytolowertheinterestrate.D)Itwilltrytoprovidemoreloans.22 .A)Itwon'thelptheAmericaneconomytoturnaround.B)Itwon'tdoanygoodtothemajorcommercialbanks.C)ItwillwintheapprovaloftheObamaadministration.D)Itwillbenecessaryiftheeconomystartstoshrinkagain.Questions23to25areb

19、asedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.23 .A)Beingunabletolearnnewthings.B)Beingratherslowtomakechanges.C)Losingtempermoreandmoreoften.D)Losingtheabilitytogetonwithothers.24 .A)Cognitivestimulation.B)Communityactivity.C)Balanceddiet.D)Freshair.25 .A)Ignoringthesignsandsymptomsofaging.B)Adoptinganoptimis

20、ticattitudetowardslife.C)Endeavoringtogiveupunhealthylifestyles.D)Seekingadvicefromdoctorsfromtimetotime.PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.

21、Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Pursuingacareerisanessentialpartofadolescentdevelopment.“Theadolescen

22、tbecomesanadultwhenhe_26_arealjob."TocognitiveresearcherslikePiaget,adulthoodmeantthebeginningofan_27_.Piagetarguedthatonceadolescentsentertheworldofwork,theirnewlyacquiredabilitytoformhypothesesallowsthemtocreaterepresentationsthataretooideal.The_28_ofsuchideals,withoutthetemperingofthereality

23、ofajoborprofession,rapidlyleadsadolescentstobecome_29_ofthenon-idealisticworldandtopressforreforminacharacteristicallyadolescentway.Piagetsaid:Trueadaptationtosocietycomes_30_whentheadolescentreformerattemptstoputhisideastowork.Ofcourse,youthfulidealismisoftencourageous,andnoonelikestogiveupdreams.P

24、erhaps,taken_31_outofcontext,Piagetstatementseemsharsh.Whathewas_32_,however,isthewayrealitycanmodifyidealisticviews.Somepeoplerefertosuchmodificationasmaturity.Piagetarguedthatattainingandacceptingavocationisoneofthebestwaystomodifyidealizedviewsandtomature.Ascareersandvocationsbecomelessavailabled

25、uringtimesof_33_,adolescentsmaybeespeciallyhardhit.Suchdifficulteconomictimesmayleavemanyadolescents_34_abouttheirrolesinsociety.Forthisreason,communityinterventionsandgovernmentjobprogramsthatoffersummerandvacationworkarenotonlyeconomically_35_butalsohelptostimulatetheadolescent'ssenseofworth.A

26、)automaticallyI)incidentallyB)beneficialJ)intolerantC)capturingK)occupationD)confusedL)promisesE)emphasizingM)recessionF)entranceN)slightlyG)excitedO)undertakesH)existenceSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninon

27、eoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.Cansocietiesberichandgreen?A"Ifoureconomiesaretoflourish,ifglobalpovertyistobeeliminatedandif

28、thewell-beingoftheworld'speopleenhancedjust-inthisgenerationbutinsucceedinggenerationswemustmakesurewetakecareofthenaturalenvironmentandresourcesonwhichoureconomicactivitydepends."Thastatementcomesnot,asyoumightimagine,fromastereotypicaltree-hugging,save-the-worldgreenie(环保主义者),butfromGordo

29、nBrown,apoliticianwithareputationforrigour,thoroughnessandaboveall,caution.BAsurprisingthingforthemanwhorunsoneoftheworld'snostpowerfuleconomiestosay?Perhaps;thoughintherun-uptothefive-yearreviewoftheMillennium(千年的)Goals,heisfarfromalone.Therootsofhisspeech,giveninMarchattheroundtablemeetingofen

30、vironmentandenergyministersfromtheG20groupofnations,stretchbackto1972,andtheUnitedNationsConferenceontheHumanEnvironmentinStockholm.C"Theprotectionandimprovementofthehumanenvironmentisamajorissuewhichaffectsthewell-beingofpeoplesandeconomicdevelopmentthroughouttheworld,”readthefinaldeclarationf

31、romthisgathering,thefirstofasequencewhichwouldleadtotheRiodeJaneiroEarthSummitin1992andtheWorldDevelopmentSummitinJohannesburgthreeyearsago.DHuntthroughthereportspreparedbyUNagenciesanddevelopmentgroupsmanyforconferencessuchasthisyearMsillenniumGoalsreviewandyouwillfindthatthelinkagebetweenenvironme

32、ntalprotectionandeconomicprogressisacommonthread.EManagingecosystemssustainablyismoreprofitablethanexploitingthem,accordingtotheMillenniumEcosystemAssessment.Butfindinghardevidencetosupportthethesisisnotsoeasy.Thoughtsturnfirsttosomesortofglobalstatistic,someindicatorwhichwouldratethewealthofnations

33、inbotheconomicandenvironmentaltermsandshowarelationshipbetweenthetwo.FIfsuchanindicatorexists,itiswellhidden.Andonreflection,thisisnotsurprising;thesingleword“environment”hassomanydimensions,andtherearesomanyotherfactorsaffectingwealthsuchastheoildepositsthatteasingoutasimpleeconomy-environmentrelat

34、ionshipwouldbealmostimpossible.GTheMillenniumEcosystemAssessment,avastfour-yearglobalstudywhichreporteditsinitialconclusionsearlierthisyear,foundreasonstobelievethatmanagingecosystemssustainablyworkingwithnatureratherthanagainstitmightbelessprofitableintheshortterm,butcertainlybringslong-termrewards

35、.HAndtheWorldResourcesInstitute（WRI）initsWorldResources2005report,issuedattheendofAugust,producedseveralsuchexamplesfromAfricaandAsia;italsodemonstratedthatenvironmentaldegradationaffectsthepoormorethantherich,aspoorerpeoplederiveamuchhigherproportionoftheirincomedirectlyfromthenaturalresourcesaroun

36、dthem.IButtherearealsomanyexamplesofgrowingwealthbytrashingtheenvironment,inrichandpoorpartsoftheworldalike,whetherthroughunregulatedmineralextraction,drasticwateruseforagriculture,slash-and-burnfarming,orfossil-fuel-guzzling（大量消耗）transport.Ofcourse,suchgrowthmaynotpersistinthelongtermwhichiswhatMr.

37、BrownandtheStockholmdeclarationwerebothattemptingtopointout.PerhapsthebestexampleofboomgrowthandbustdeclineistheGrandBanksfishery.Foralmostfivecenturiesaverylargesupplyofcod（詹雪鱼）providedabundantrawmaterialforanindustrywhichatitspeakemployedabout40,000people,sustainingentirecommunitiesinNewfoundand.T

38、hen,abruptly,thecodpopulationcollapsed.Therewerenolongerenoughfishintheseaforthestocktomaintainitself,letaloneanindustry.Morethanadecadelater,therewasnosignoftheecosystemre-buildingitself.Ithad,apparently,beenfishedoutofexistence;andtheoncemightyNewfoundlandfleetnowgropesaboutfranticallyforcrabonthe

39、seafloor.JThereisaviewthatmodernhumansareinevitablysowingtheseedofaglobalGrandBanks-styledisaster.Theideaisthatwearetakingmoreoutofwhatyoumightcalltheplanetsenvironmentalbankbalancethanitcansustainw;earelivingbeyondourecologicalmeans.Onerecentstudyattemptedtocalculatetheextentofthis“ecologicaloversh

40、ootofthehumaneconomy”,andfoundthatweareusing1.2Earths-worthofenvironmentalgoodsandservicestheimplicationbeingthatatsomepointthedebtwillbecalledin,andallthoseservicesthethingswhichtheplanetdoesforusforfreewillgrindtoahalt.KWhetherthisisright,andifsowhereandwhentheecologicalaxewillfall,ishardtodetermi

41、newithanyprecisionwhichiswhygovernmentsandfinancialinstitutionsareonlybeginningtobringsuchrisksintotheireconomiccalculations.Itisalsothereasonwhydevelopmentagenciesarenotunitedintheirviewofenvironmentalissues;whilesome,liketheWRI,maintainthatenvironmentalprogressneedstogohand-in-handwitheconomicdeve

42、lopment,othersarguethatthepriorityistobuildathrivingeconomy,andthenusethewealthcreatedtotackleenvironmentaldegradation.LThisviewassumesthatrichsocietieswillinvestinenvironmentalcare.Butisthisright?Dothingsgetbetterorworseaswegetricher?HeretheStockholmdeclarationisambiguous.“Inthedevelopingcountries,

43、”itsays,”mostoftheenvironmentalproblemsarecausedbyunder-development.”Siotissayingthateconomicdevelopmentshouldmakeforacleanerworld?Notnecessarily;In”theindustrializedcountries,environmentalproblemsaregenerallyrelatedtoindustrializationandtechnologicaldevelopment,”ciotntinues.Inotherwords,poorandrich

44、bothover-exploitthenaturalworld,butfordifferentreasons.Itssimplynottruethateconomicgrowthwillsurelymakeourworldcleaner.MClearly,richersocietiesareabletoprovideenvironmentalimprovementswhichliewellbeyondthereachofpoorercommunities.Citizensofwealthynationsdemandnationalparks,cleanrivers,cleanairandpoi

45、son-freefood.Theyalso,however,usefarmorenaturalresources-fuel,water(allthosebathsandgolfcourses)andbuildingmaterials.NAcasecanbemadethatrichnationsexportenvironmentalproblems,themostgraphicexamplebeingclimatechange.Asacountryseawlthgrows,sodoitsgreenhousegasemissions.Thefiguresavailablewillnotbecomp

46、letelyaccurate.Measuringemissionsisnotaprecisescience,particularlywhenitcomestoissuessurroundinglanduse;notallnationshavere-leasedup-to-datedata,andinanycase,emissionsfromsomesectorssuchasaviationarenotincludedinnationalstatistics.Butthedataisexactenoughforacleartrendtobeeasilydiscernible.Ascountrie

47、sbecomericher,theyproducemoregreenhousegases;andtheimpactofthosegaseswillfallprimarilyinpoorpartsoftheworld.OWealthisnot,ofcourse,theonlyfactorinvolved.TheaverageNorwegianisbetteroffthantheaverageUScitizen,butcontributesabouthalfasmuchtoclimatechange.ButcouldNorwaykeepitsstandardoflivingandyetcutits

48、emissionstoMoroccanorevenEthiopianlevels?Thatquestion,repeatedacrossadozenenvironmentalissuesandacrossourdiverseplanet,iswhatwillultimatelydeterminewhetherthehumanraceislivingbeyonditsecologicalmeansasitpursueseconomicrevival.36 .Examplesshowthatbothrichandpoorcountriesexploitedtheenvironmentforecon

49、omicprogress.37 .Environmentalprotectionandimprovementbenefitpeopleallovertheworld.38 .Itisnotnecessarilytruethateconomicgrowthwillmakeourworldcleaner.39 .ThecommonthemeoftheUNreportsistherelationbetweenenvironmentalprotectionandeconomicgrowth.40 .Developmentagenciesdisagreeregardinghowtotackleenvir

50、onmentissueswhileensuringeconomicprogress.41 .Itisdifficulttofindsolidevidencetoproveenvironmentalfriendlinessgeneratesmoreprofitsthanexploitingthenaturalenvironment.42 .Sustainablemanagementofecosystemswillproverewardinginthelongrun.43.Apoliticiannotedforbeingcautiousassertsthatsustainablehumandeve

51、lopmentdependsonthenaturalenvironment.44.Poorcountrieswillhavetobearthecostforrichnations'economicdevelopment.45.OnerecentstudywarnsusofthedangeroftheexhaustionofnaturalresourcesonEarth.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.F

52、oreachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Interactivetelevisionadvertising,whichallowsviewerstousetheirremotecontrolstoclickonadver

53、tisements,hasbeenpushedforyears.Nearlyadecadeagoitwaspredictedthatviewersof“Friends”,apopularsituationcomedy,wouldsoonbeabletopurchaseasweaterlikeJenniferAniston'swithafewtapsontheirremotecontrol.beentheyearofinteractivetelevisionadvertisingforthelasttenortwelveyears,"saysColinDixonofadigit

54、al-mediaconsultancy.SothenewsthatCablevision,andAmericancablecompany,wasrollingoutinteractiveadvertisementstoallitscustomersonOctober6thwasgreetedwithsomeskepticism.Duringcommercials,anoverlaywillappearatthebottomofthescreen,promptingviewerstopressabuttontorequestafreesampleororderacatalogue.Cablevi

55、sionhopestoallowcustomerstobuythingswiththeirremotecontrolsearlynextyear.Televisionadvertisingcoulddowithaboost.Spendingfellby10%inthefirsthalfoftheyear.Thepopularizationofdigitalvideorecordershascausedadvertiserstoworrythattheircommercialswillbeskipped.SomeareturningtotheInternet,whichischeaperando

56、ffersconcretemeasurementslikeclick-throughratesespeciallyimportantatatimewhenmarketingbudgetsaretight.Withthelaunchofinteractiveadvertising,”maonfythedollarsthatwenttotheInternetwillcomebacktotheTV,”saysDavidKlineofCablevision.Orsotheindustryhopes.Intheory,interactiveadvertisingcanengageviewersinawa

57、ythat30-secondspotsdonot.UnileverrecentlyrananinteractivecampaignforitsAxedeodorant(除臭剂)，whichkeptviewersengagedformorethanthreeminutesonaverage.Theamountspentoninteractiveadvertisingontelevisionisstillsmall.Magna,anadvertisingagency,reckonsitwillbeworthabout$138millionthisyear.Thatfallsfarshortofth

58、ebillionsofdollarspeopleonceexpectedittogenerate.ButDirecTV,ComcastandTimeWarnerCablehaveallinvestedinit.AneweffortledbyCanoeVentures,acoalitionofleadingcableproviders,aimstomakeinteractiveadvertisingavailableacrossAmericalaterthisyear.BrightLineit,Whichdesignsandsellsinteractiveads,saysinteresthassurged:itexpectsitsrevenuesalmosttotriplethisyear.Bosky,Britainsbiggestsatellite-televisionservice,alreadyprovides9millioncustomerswithinteractiveads.Yettherearedoubtswhetherpeoplewatchingtelevision,a”leanback”medium,craveinteraction.Click-t