高二英语词汇专题复习课件1

1、 （湖南真题）湖南真题） 请从下列人物中选择你最喜欢的一位，用英语写一篇请从下列人物中选择你最喜欢的一位，用英语写一篇120120词左词左右的短文。要求根据所给信息作适当发挥，且需包括以下三部分内右的短文。要求根据所给信息作适当发挥，且需包括以下三部分内容：容： 1. 1. 对该人物的简单介绍；对该人物的简单介绍； 2. 2. 喜欢该人物的理由；喜欢该人物的理由； 3. 3. 从该人物身上得到的启示从该人物身上得到的启示 Thomas Edison Helen Keller William Shakespeare inventor; creative; diligent; full of wi

2、sdom ordinary but great woman; disabled; optimistic; eager to learn writer; talente ; imaginative; man of all ages “Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration.” “.if I had the power of sight for three days.” “Life is a stage.” 范文背诵范文背诵Thomas Edison Born in America, Thomas

3、 Edison was a great scientist and inventor. He was once thought to be a boy who was not worth educating. In fact, he was a man full of imagination. I admire Edison a lot because of his great contribution to the world. He had more than 1,000 inventions. In his life time, he was always eager to know h

4、ow things worked, which helped him to earn the nickname “the Wizard of Melo Park”. He was also so diligent that he worked day and night. And this explained why he had so many great inventions. What impresses me most is his famous saying, “Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent per

5、spiration.” Probably I cannot be an Edison myself, but I can be a hardworking person. From him, I realize the secret to success is not when or where you were born, but what you are doing and how you do it in your life. 句型背诵句型背诵 He was once thought to be a boy who was not worth educating.Genius is on

6、e percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration.What impresses me most is his famous saying.I realize the secret to success is not when or where you were born, but what you are doing and how you do it in your life.1.1._n.n. 特征；特性特征；特性2.2._vt.& vivt.& vi. . 结束；推断出结束；推断出_ n.n. 结论；结束

7、结论；结束3.3._ vt.vt. 打败；战胜；使受挫；打败；战胜；使受挫；_n.n. 失败失败4.4._ vt.vt. 参加；出席；照顾；护理参加；出席；照顾；护理_n.n. 参加；出席；服侍参加；出席；服侍5.5._ vt.vt. 暴露；揭露；使曝光暴露；揭露；使曝光答案：答案：1. characteristic 2. conclude; conclusion3. Defeat 4. attend; attendance5. expose; exposure 6. cure; curable7. absorb; absorbed 8. severe 9. blame10. announce

8、; announcement11. instruct; instructive; instruction; instructor12. contribute; contribution 13. creative; creation14. enthusiastic; enthusiasm 15. cautious; caution 16. control1. put_ 提出提出2. _ a conclusion 得出结论得出结论3. be _ to 暴露于暴露于4. _ .to . 将将和和联系或连接起来联系或连接起来 5. _ from 除除之外；此外之外；此外6. be _ with. 对对

9、严格的严格的 7. make _ 有道理；有意义；讲得通有道理；有意义；讲得通 8. in _ 另外另外 9._ to an end 结束结束10. lead_ 导致；通向导致；通向 11. _ of view 态度；观点态度；观点12. be_ in 全神贯注于全神贯注于13. _ into 调查调查14. be_/_ 支持支持/反对反对答案：答案：1. forward 2. draw 3. exposed 4. link 5. apart6. strict 7. sense 8. addition 9. come 10. to11. Point 12. absorbed 13. look

10、14. for/against_ its cause _ its cure was understood.人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。2. _ _ you put the sun there _ the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。清楚。答案：答案：1. Neither; nor 2. Only if; did1. defeat vt.

11、打败；战胜；使受挫打败；战胜；使受挫n. 失败失败Our football team defeated theirs this time这一次我们的足球队战胜了他们的足球队。这一次我们的足球队战胜了他们的足球队。Our team defeated our opponent by 5:0. 我们队以五比零的比分战胜了对手。我们队以五比零的比分战胜了对手。He was defeated in his plan. 他的计划失败了。他的计划失败了。【即学即练】【即学即练】单项填空单项填空He_ the first prize in the writing contest.A. defeated B.

12、beat C. won D. gained解析：选解析：选C。考查同义词辨析。由句意。考查同义词辨析。由句意“他在书写比赛中获得了一他在书写比赛中获得了一等奖等奖”可知，选可知，选C。win表示在较激烈的竞争中取得胜利。表示在较激烈的竞争中取得胜利。win the prize是常用搭配。是常用搭配。 2. attend vt. 参加；照看，照料；处理；注意参加；照看，照料；处理；注意Well attend to the problem later.稍后我们将关注那个问题。稍后我们将关注那个问题。She hadnt been attending during the lesson.上课时她一直不

13、专心。上课时她一直不专心。温馨提示：温馨提示：attendance n. 出席，出席的人数，伺候，照料。作出席，出席的人数，伺候，照料。作“照照料，伺候料，伺候”讲时，与讲时，与take care of; look after同义。同义。常用结构：常用结构：attend to处理，注意，照料处理，注意，照料 attend school上学上学attend a lecture/meeting听讲座听讲座/出席会议出席会议attend a wedding/ceremony出席婚礼出席婚礼/参加典礼参加典礼He is famous in this field, and tens of thousan

14、ds of fans will attend his lecture this evening. 他在这个领域很出名，今晚会有成千上万的敬仰者出席他的讲座。他在这个领域很出名，今晚会有成千上万的敬仰者出席他的讲座。Would you like to attend our wedding?你愿意来参加我们的婚礼吗你愿意来参加我们的婚礼吗?【即学即练】【即学即练】完成句子完成句子我们除星期天外，天天要去上学。我们除星期天外，天天要去上学。We _ _ every day except Sunday.今天下午，我得回公司参加一个会。今天下午，我得回公司参加一个会。I will go back to

15、the office to _ _ _in the afternoon.答案：答案：attend school attend a meeting 单项填空单项填空The students are busy making preparations for the lecture because they will _ the competition.A. attend B. joinC. take part in D. attend to解析：选解析：选 C。考查近义词（短语）辨析。考查近义词（短语）辨析。attend为出席，上（大学为出席，上（大学等），宾语常用等），宾语常用school, c

16、lass, meeting, lecture等；等；join表示参加某一表示参加某一组织或团体；组织或团体；take part in参加，参与；参加，参与；attend to照料。照料。 根据句意，根据句意，“他们将参加一个比赛他们将参加一个比赛”，故选，故选C。 3. expose vt. 暴露；揭露；使曝光暴露；揭露；使曝光 New fashions are exposing more and more the body新式服装越来越暴露。新式服装越来越暴露。This film has been exposed这胶卷已经曝光了。这胶卷已经曝光了。His fears and insecuri

17、ty have been exposed to everyone他的恐惧与不安暴露给了每个人。他的恐惧与不安暴露给了每个人。【联想拓展】【联想拓展】expose sth./sb./oneself (to.) 使面临，使遭受使面临，使遭受be exposed to暴露于暴露于【速记名片】【速记名片】用法点拨用法点拨:expose常与介词常与介词to连用，表示连用，表示“使暴露于（日光、风雨等使暴露于（日光、风雨等中）；受到风险；使面临中）；受到风险；使面临”。 exposed adj. （指地方）无遮蔽的，（指地方）无遮蔽的，不挡风雨的。不挡风雨的。exposure n. 暴露，揭露，揭发。暴露

18、，揭露，揭发。【即学即练】【即学即练】完成句子完成句子别让它淋雨。别让它淋雨。Dont _ _ _ the rain. 你不可使自己遭受批评。你不可使自己遭受批评。You mustnt _ _ _ criticism露天的士兵暴露于敌人的火力之下。露天的士兵暴露于敌人的火力之下。The soldiers in the open field _ _ _ the enemys fire. 答案：答案：expose it to expose yourself to are exposed to单项填空单项填空 _ to the sunlight for several hours will do h

19、arm to your skin. A. Exposed B. Having exposed C. Being exposed D. After being exposed解析：选解析：选 C C。be exposed tobe exposed to暴露于。此处是动名词短语作主语。暴露于。此处是动名词短语作主语。4. absorb vt. 吸引；吸收（液体，气体，光，声等）；使专心；理吸引；吸收（液体，气体，光，声等）；使专心；理解（知识等）解（知识等）Cotton gloves absorb sweat. 棉手套吸汗。棉手套吸汗。 So many good ideas! Its too mu

20、ch for me to absorb all at once. 这么多好主意！太多了，我很难一下子完全吸收。这么多好主意！太多了，我很难一下子完全吸收。Black walls absorb a lot of heat during the day.黑色墙壁在白天吸收大量的热。黑色墙壁在白天吸收大量的热。温馨提示：当温馨提示：当absorb表示表示“使全神贯注，吸引（注意等）使全神贯注，吸引（注意等）”时，后时，后常接介词常接介词in/by；表示；表示 “合并（公司等）；吞并合并（公司等）；吞并”时，常接介词时，常接介词into； absorbed adj. 精神集中的；精神集中的；absor

21、bing adj.十分吸引人的。十分吸引人的。【即学即练】【即学即练】完成句子完成句子老人全神贯注地读这本书。老人全神贯注地读这本书。The old man was completely _ _ the book. 四周的小城镇已并入这座城市。四周的小城镇已并入这座城市。The surrounding small towns have been _ _ the city. 答案：答案：absorbed in absorbed into5. blame vt. 责备；谴责责备；谴责 n. 责备；过失责备；过失He blamed you for the neglect of duty他责备你玩忽职

22、守。他责备你玩忽职守。I am ready to take the blame for the mistake我准备承担这一错误的责任。我准备承担这一错误的责任。常用结构：常用结构：blame sb. for (doing) sth.因因(做做)某事而指责某人某事而指责某人blame sth. on sb. 把某事归咎于某人把某事归咎于某人sb. be to blame for (doing)sth.因因(做做)某事，某人应该受到谴责某事，某人应该受到谴责 （此（此处不能用被动）处不能用被动）We consider that you are not to blame我们认为你不应该受责备。我们

23、认为你不应该受责备。【即学即练】【即学即练】完成句子完成句子那个粗心的司机该为昨天发生的交通事故负责。那个粗心的司机该为昨天发生的交通事故负责。The careless driver _ _ _ _ the traffic accident happening yesterday. 她把婚姻的触礁归咎于他。她把婚姻的触礁归咎于他。She blamed him for the failure of their marriage.=She _ the failure of their marriage _ him. 答案：答案：is to blame for blamed; on【易混辨析】【易混

24、辨析】blame/scoldblame指对某人失职、疏忽大意或者所出差错的埋怨、责怪。指对某人失职、疏忽大意或者所出差错的埋怨、责怪。scold指大声地责骂、气愤地大发脾气，但不用肮脏的语言骂人。指大声地责骂、气愤地大发脾气，但不用肮脏的语言骂人。【即学即练】【即学即练】完成句子完成句子官方认为可能不止一人该对火灾负责。官方认为可能不止一人该对火灾负责。Officials believe that more than one person may be _ _ _ the fire不要责骂他，毕竟他只是个孩子。不要责骂他，毕竟他只是个孩子。Dont _ him; after all, hes

25、only a child答案：答案：to blame forscold6. put forward 提出提出(意见、建议意见、建议)；推荐；提名；将表拨快；推荐；提名；将表拨快He put forward a better plan.他提出了一个更好的计划。他提出了一个更好的计划。Can I put you/your name forward for golf club secretary? 我推荐你（提名让你）担任高尔夫球俱乐部的秘书好吗？我推荐你（提名让你）担任高尔夫球俱乐部的秘书好吗？You ought to put your watch forward ten minutes. 你应该

26、把表向前拨快十分钟。你应该把表向前拨快十分钟。用法点拨：用法点拨：put forward的宾语常是的宾语常是“主意，计划等主意，计划等”。【联想拓展】【联想拓展】put on穿；上演穿；上演put out扑灭扑灭put away放好；抛弃；储存放好；抛弃；储存put down镇压；记下；贬低；制止镇压；记下；贬低；制止【即学即练】【即学即练】完成句子完成句子这次会议将推迟到星期五举行。这次会议将推迟到星期五举行。The meeting will be _ _ until Friday.他穿上一件漂亮干净的衬衣。他穿上一件漂亮干净的衬衣。He _ _ a nice and clean shirt

27、.把你的玩具玩完后放进柜子里去。把你的玩具玩完后放进柜子里去。Put your toys _ in the cupboard when youve finished playing.下周星期六我有个聚会，把这事记在你的笔记本上以免忘记。下周星期六我有个聚会，把这事记在你的笔记本上以免忘记。Im having a party next Saturday; put it _ in your notebook in case you will forget it.答案：答案：put off put on away down单项填空单项填空The doctor has _ a new idea on

28、the treatment, which is well thought of by his companions.A. come about B. put forwardC. spoken up D. regarded as解析：选解析：选 B。 根据句意，此句应表示根据句意，此句应表示“提出一个新的治疗方案提出一个新的治疗方案”。come about 发生；发生；speak up 大声说出；大声说出；regard as 把把当作。当作。7. apart from 除除之外；脱离开之外；脱离开Apart from a few faults，he is a trustworthy teache

29、r. 除了少数几个缺点外，他是个值得信赖的老师。除了少数几个缺点外，他是个值得信赖的老师。Apart from being too large, the trousers dont suit me. 这条裤子太大，而且我穿着也不合适。这条裤子太大，而且我穿着也不合适。There can be no knowledge apart from practice.没有知识能脱离实践。没有知识能脱离实践。【联想拓展】【联想拓展】apart from除除之外（还有）之外（还有）= in addition to =besides （包括除去内容在内）（包括除去内容在内）除除之外（别无）之外（别无）= ex

30、cept（不包括除去内容在内）（不包括除去内容在内） 此外，除了此外，除了=except for 【即学即练】【即学即练】 完成句子完成句子除了瘪了一个轮胎之外，我们的刹车也出了毛病。除了瘪了一个轮胎之外，我们的刹车也出了毛病。 _ _ a flat tyre，we had faulty brakes除她之外的原班演员都是签约雇佣的。除她之外的原班演员都是签约雇佣的。Every member of the original cast was signed _ _ 除了一些拼写错误外，你的作文很棒。除了一些拼写错误外，你的作文很棒。Your composition is good _ _ som

31、e spelling mistakes计算机除了用在教育上之外，还广泛地用于工业研究。计算机除了用在教育上之外，还广泛地用于工业研究。Computers are used extensively in industry research _ _ 答案：答案：Apart from except her except forbesides education单项填空单项填空 _ English, the speaker also has a good command of Russian and French. （2010石家庄检测）石家庄检测）A. Except B. Except for C.

32、 Beside D. Apart from 解析：选解析：选D。 apart from相当于相当于besides，意思是，意思是“除除外，还外，还有有”。except表示表示“不包括在内不包括在内”，从后面的，从后面的also看，应用看，应用besides或或apart from。8. make sense讲得通；有道理讲得通；有道理 Read this sentence and tell me if it makes sense请读一下这个句子，告诉我它是否讲得通。请读一下这个句子，告诉我它是否讲得通。Why did she do a thing like that? It doesnt s

33、eem to make sense她为什么做那样的事她为什么做那样的事?好像没有意义。好像没有意义。【联想拓展】【联想拓展】make sense of理解；明白理解；明白 make no sense 没有道理；没有意义没有道理；没有意义in a sense 从某种意义来说。从某种意义来说。 in no sense 绝不是，绝非绝不是，绝非【即学即练】【即学即练】完成句子完成句子你看得懂这首诗吗你看得懂这首诗吗?Can you _ _ _ this poem? 这稿子由于错误太多，以致有的部分意义不明。这稿子由于错误太多，以致有的部分意义不明。The manuscript is so corru

34、pt that parts of it _ _ _ at all. 答案：答案：make sense of make no sense单项填空单项填空What he says makes no _ to me. （2010济南模块检测）济南模块检测）A. Care B. sense C. interest D. meaning解析：选解析：选B。make sense为固定搭配，意思是为固定搭配，意思是“起作用，有意义起作用，有意义”。The poem is hard to understand. Can you make of this poem? （2010大连检测）大连检测）A.idea

35、B. knowledgeC. sense D. understanding解析：选解析：选C。make sense of sth.理解或弄懂困难的或无法理解的事理解或弄懂困难的或无法理解的事物。物。 注意：注意：sense还可作动词，意为还可作动词，意为“意识到意识到(某事物某事物)；感觉到；感觉到”。9. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.（P2）每当暴发（霍乱）时，就有大批惊恐的老百姓病死。每当暴发（霍乱）时，就有大批惊恐的老百姓病死。本句是一个复合句，本句是一个复合句，e

36、very time引导的是一个时间状语从句，意为引导的是一个时间状语从句，意为“每当每当”，相当于，相当于“when”。 另外，此状语从句中还有一个另外，此状语从句中还有一个“there be”结构。结构。He goes through the whole performance of checking the oil and water every time he drives the car. 他每次开汽车都总是不厌其烦地把油和水整个检查一遍。他每次开汽车都总是不厌其烦地把油和水整个检查一遍。【联想拓展】【联想拓展】each time每次；每当每次；每当 at the time of.在在

37、时候时候 any/next/the first/the last time 意为意为“任何任何/下一次下一次/第一次第一次/最后一最后一次次”。the moment, the minute, the second, the instant, immediately, directly等都可以引导时间状语从句。意为等都可以引导时间状语从句。意为“一一就就”。【即学即练】【即学即练】完成句子完成句子她一收到信就马上去看他了。她一收到信就马上去看他了。She went to see him _ she got the letter. 她一听说发生了事故，就立刻赶到了现场。她一听说发生了事故，就立刻赶

38、到了现场。She came to the scene _ she heard of the accident. 上次我们谈话时他说他还需要两天。上次我们谈话时他说他还需要两天。_ _ _ we talked he said he needed another two days. 答案：答案：directly/immediately/instantlythe minute/second/momentThe last time单项填空单项填空She said to me, “Ill tell you the result of test _ I know it.” （2010陕西师大附中检测）陕西

39、师大附中检测）A. because B. the moment C. after D. though 解析：选解析：选B。the moment意为意为“一一就就”，相当于，相当于as soon as。类。类似用法的连词还有似用法的连词还有: the minute/instant; instantly/immediately/directly等。等。. 单词拼写单词拼写 The farmers in this area had a good harvest last year thanks to the _s_ farming.2. The doctor had my eyes _e_ for

40、weakening.3. They were _d_ in their attempt(企图企图) to reach the top of the mountain.4. The little brave girl _e_ the crime(罪行罪行)of the criminal(罪犯罪犯).5. You should not _r_the invitation from your old friend.6. What is your _v_ on Chinese education?7. The police are watching the mans _m_ secretly.8. W

41、e must try to_ (分析分析)the causes of the strike.9. Kindness is one of the prime ministers_ (特征特征).10. The famous Korean play actor got an_ (热情的热情的) reception in Hong Kong.答案：答案：1. scientific 2. examined 3. defeated 4. exposed5. reject 6. view 7. movement 8. analyse9. characteristics 10. enthusiasticex

42、pose.to./look into/attend to/put forward/apart from/blame.for/make sense/link.to/led to/draw a conclusion. . 用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空1. Lets _ the problem together and figure out a way to solve it.2. May I _ your name _ as a possible chairman of the committee? 3. _ the cost，the dress doesnt su

43、it me4. The teacher tried many times, but the long sentence still could not _ .5. The highway _ Shanghai _ Beijing. 6. His careless driving _ the serious traffic accident.7. Can human beings live on the moon? Its too early to _ .8. Dont _ your skin _ the sun or you will be burned. 9. The babies _ ar

44、e well in the nursery.10. The student _ the teacher _ his failure答案：答案：1. look into 2.put; forward 3. Apart from4. make sense 5. links; to 6. led to 7. draw a conclusion8. expose; to 9. attended to 10. blamed; for. 完成句子完成句子1. We needed much more _ _ (合格的工人合格的工人). (qualify)2. My friend is a _ _ (归国的留

45、学生归国的留学生). (return)3. They decided to _ _ _ _ (更换使用的材料更换使用的材料).(used)4. Is there _ _（没解决的问题吗）（没解决的问题吗）? (unanswer)5. _ _ _ _ (几乎没有什么变化几乎没有什么变化)here since I left this town. (change)6. This is a _ _（国营工厂）（国营工厂）. (state-owned)7. There is a _ _（新建的学校）（新建的学校）near here. (newly-built)8. The playground _ _

46、_ （看上去很荒凉）（看上去很荒凉）.(deserted)9. The days _ _ （一去不复返）（一去不复返）when people use foreign oil.(go)10. He is a teacher _ _ _ _ (很受学生爱戴的很受学生爱戴的).(love)答案：答案：1. qualified workers 2. returned student3. change the material used 4. anything unanswered5. There is nothing changed 6. state-owned factory7. newly-bui

47、lt school 8. looked quite deserted9. are gone 10. loved by his students. 单项填空单项填空1. I feel it is your husband who _ for the spoiled child.A. is to blame B. is going to blame C. is to be blamed D. should blame解析：选解析：选A A。考查固定短语用主动形式表示被动意义的情况。考查固定短语用主动形式表示被动意义的情况。sb. sb. be to blame for sth.be to blam

48、e for sth.表示表示“某人因为某事该受到责备或者是某某人因为某事该受到责备或者是某人的责任人的责任”。2. Who _ the team from No. 2 Middle school? Im not sure. Perhaps the team from the nearby county.A. defeated B. won C. beaten D. gained解析：选解析：选A。考查动词辨析。考查动词辨析。defeat，beat与与win作作“打败打败”解时，解时，beat与与defeat的宾语是的宾语是“人人”；defeat的宾语常指的宾语常指“敌人敌人”，在，在“游戏或比

49、赛游戏或比赛”中则用中则用beat；win赢得，后面的宾语多用赢得，后面的宾语多用game，war，prize等词，等词，win宾语不能是人。宾语不能是人。gain获得，宾语为经验，获得，宾语为经验，力量，时间，知识等。力量，时间，知识等。3. The doctor has _ a new idea on the treatment, which is well thought of by his companions.A. come about B. put forward C. spoken up D. regarded as解析：选解析：选B。考查短语辨析。考查短语辨析。come abo

50、ut发生；发生； put forward提出；提出；speak up表示表示“大声说出大声说出”；regard as把把当作。根据句意，当作。根据句意，此句应表示此句应表示“提出一个新的治疗方案提出一个新的治疗方案”，故选，故选B。4. The warm sunshine _ the coming of spring.A. declaresB. announces C. predicts D. 解析：选解析：选B。考查动词辨析。考查动词辨析。declare多指正式场合宣布官方的立场多指正式场合宣布官方的立场或态度，主语多为人或机构；或态度，主语多为人或机构；predict预测；预测；publi

51、sh指以口头或指以口头或印刷品的方式让群众知道，多指后者；印刷品的方式让群众知道，多指后者；announce除表示除表示“宣布，宣布，宣告宣告”之外，还可用于抽象意义，意思为之外，还可用于抽象意义，意思为“显示，预示显示，预示”，主语，主语为事物。为事物。5. You should read the _ in the car repair manual（手册）（手册） carefully before you start to.A. instruction B. instructions C. introductionsD. explanations解析：选解析：选B。考查名词辨析。表示说明书

52、时，。考查名词辨析。表示说明书时，instruction常用复数。常用复数。introduction 介绍；介绍；explanation 解释。解释。6. _ a sentence before you can understand it correctly.A. Find B. Analyse C. Refer to D. Look up解析：选解析：选B。考查动词（组）辨析。考查动词（组）辨析。find找到；找到；analyse分析；分析；refer to查阅，参考，谈到，涉及；查阅，参考，谈到，涉及；look up（在字典，电话簿中）查询。（在字典，电话簿中）查询。句意为：在你正确理解一

53、个句子之前，你首先对它做一下分析。句意为：在你正确理解一个句子之前，你首先对它做一下分析。7. Can you work out the problem? I cant _ you explain how to do it.A. but for B. except C. apart from D. unless解析：选解析：选D。but for，except，apart from后均不可接句子。后均不可接句子。unless是从属连词，引导条件状语从句，故选是从属连词，引导条件状语从句，故选D。8. No matter how I tried to read it, the sentence didnt _ to me.A.