2018年高考英语浙江卷及答案解析

1、绝密启用前2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一卷（浙江卷）英语（满分150分，考tO寸间120分钟）二二二二二二二二号生考二二二二二二二二名姓二二二二二二一校学业毕选择题部分第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhatwillJamesdotomorrow?A.WatchaTVprogram.B.Giveatalk.2_Whatcanwesayaboutthewoman?A.Shesgenerous.

2、B.Shescurious.3. Whendoesthetrainleave?A.At6:30.B.At8:30.4. Howdoesthewomangotowork?A.Bycar.B.Onfoot.5. Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Teacherandstudent.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）A、B、C三个选项中选10秒钟的时间来回答C.Writeareport.C.Sheshelpful.C.At10:30.C.Bybike.C.Doctorandpatient.A

3、.Ahotelmanager.B.Atourguide9. Whatisthemandoingforthewoman?A. Lookingforsomelocalfoods.B. Showingheraroundtheseaside.C. Offeringinformationaboutahotel.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inanoffice.B.Athome.11. Whatwillthespeakersdotomorrowevening?A.Gotoaconcert.B.Visita

4、friend.12. WhoisAlicegoingtocall?A.Mike.B.Joan.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. Whydoesthewomanmeettheman?A. Tolookatanapartment.B. Todeliversomefurniture.C.Ataxidriver.C.Atarestaurant.C.Workextrahours.C.Catherine.C.Tohaveamealtogether.14. Whatdoesthewomanlikeaboutthecarpet?A.Itscolor.B.Itsdesign.C.Itsquality.1

5、5. Whatdoesthemansayaboutthekitchen?A.Itsagoodsize.B.Itsnewlypainted.C.Itsadequatelyequipped.听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。明第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. Whatdoesthewomanregret?A.Givingupherresearch.B.Droppingoutofcollege.7.

6、Whatisthewomaninterestedinstudyingnow?A.Ecology.B.Education.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. Whatistheman?C.Changinghermajor.C.Chemistry.16. Whatwillthewomanmostprobablydonext?A.Godowntown.B.Talkwithherfriend.C.Makepayment.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. Whoisthespeakerprobablytalkingto?A.Moviefans.B.Newsreporters.C.College

7、students.18. WhendidthespeakertakeEnglishclasses?A. Beforehelefthishometown,B. AfterhecametoAmerica.C. Whenhewas15yearsold.19. Howdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.Hesproud.B.Hessympathetic.C.Hesgrateful.20. Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.Howeducationshapedhislife.spartlytruethatDickensstyleofwri

8、tingattractedaudencesB. Howhislanguageskillsimproved.C. Howhemanagedhisbusinesswell.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）第一节（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。In1812,theyearCharlesDickenswasborn,therewere66novelspublishedinBritain.Peoplehadbeenwritingnovelsforacentury-mostexpertsdatethe

9、firstnoveltoRobinsonCrusoein1719butnobodywantedtodoitprofessionally.Thesteam-poweredprintingpresswasstillinitsearlystages;theliteracy（识字）rateinEnglandwasunder50%.Manyworksoffictionappearedwithoutthenamesoftheauthors,oftenwithsomethinglikeByalady.Novels,forthemostpart,werelookeduponassilly,immoral,or

10、justplainbad.In1870,whenDickensdied,theworldmournedhimasitsfirstprofessionalwriterandpublisher,famousandbeloved,whohadledanexplosioninboththepublicationofnovelsandtheirreadershipandwhosecharactersfromOliverTwisttoTinyTim-wereheldupasmoraltouchstones.TodayDickens;greatnessisunchallenged.Removinghimfr

11、omthepantheon（名人堂）ofEnglishliteraturewouldmakeaboutasmuchsenseastheLouvresellingofftheMonaLisa.HowdidDickensgettothetop?Forallthefeelingsreadersattachtostories,literatureisanumbersgame,andthetestoftimeisextremelydifficulttopass.Some60,000novelswerepublishedduringtheVictorianage,from1837to1901;todaya

12、casualreadermightbeabletonameahalf-dozenofthem.Itfromallwalksoflife.Itspartlythathiswritingsrodeawaveofsocial,politicalandscientificprogress.Butitsalsothatherewrotethecultureofliteratureandputhimselfatthecenter.Noonewilleverknowwhatmixoftalent,ambition,energyandluckmadeDickenssuchasingularwriter.But

13、asthe200thanniversaryofhisbirthapproaches,itispossibleandimportantforourownculturetounderstandhowhemadehimselfalastingone.21. WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesBritishnovelsinthe18thcentury?A. Theyweredifficulttounderstand.B. Theywerepopularamongtherich.C. Theywereseenasnearlyworthless.D. Theywerewrit

14、tenmostlybywomen.22. DickensiscomparedwiththeMonaLisainthetexttostress.A. hisreputationinFranceB. hisinterestinmodernartC. hissuccessinpublicationD. hisimportanceinliterature23. Whatistheauthorspurposeinwritingthetext?A. Torememberagreatwriter.B. TointroduceanEnglishnovel.C. Toencouragestudiesoncult

15、ure.D. TopromotevaluesoftheVictorianage.BStevenSteinlikestofollowgarbagetrucks.Hisstrangehabitmakessensewhenyouconsiderthathesanenvironmentalscientistwhostudieshowtoreducelitter,includingthingsthatfalloffgarbagetrucksastheydrivedowntheroad.WhatisevenmoreinterestingisthatoneofSteinsjobsisdefendingani

16、ndustrybehindtheplasticshoppingbags.Americansusemorethan100billionthinfilmplasticbagseveryyear.Somanyendupintreebranchesoralonghighwaysthatagrowingnumberofcitiesdonotallowthematcheckouts（收车艮台）.Thebagsareprohibitedinsome90citiesinCalifornia,includingLosAngeles.Eyeingtheseheadwinds,plastic-bagmakersar

17、ehiringscientistslikeSteintomakethecasethattheirproductsarenotasbadfortheplanetasmostpeopleassume.Amongthebagmakersargument:manycitieswithbansstillallowshopperstopurchasepaperbags,whichareeasilyrecycledbutrequiremoreenergytoproduceandtransport.Andwhileplasticbagsmaybeuglytolookat,theyrepresentasmall

18、percentageofallgarbageonthegroundtoday.Theindustryhasalsotakenaimattheproductthathasappearedasitsreplacement:reusableshoppingbags.Thestrongerareusablebagis,thelongeritslifeandthemoreplastic-baguseitcancelsout.However,longer-lastingreusablebagsoftenrequiremoreenergytomake.Onestudyfoundthatacottonbagm

19、ustbeusedatleast131timestobebetterfortheplanetthanplastic.Environmentalistsdontdispute（质疑）thesepoints.Theyhopepaperbagswillbebannedsomedaytooandwantshopperstousethesamereusablebagsforyears.24. WhathasStevenSteinbeenhiredtodo?A. Helpincreasegrocerysales.B. Recyclethewastematerial.-二二二二二二二二号生考二二二二二二二二

20、名姓C. Stopthingsfallingofftrucks.D. Arguefortheuseofplasticbags.在25.Whatdoesthewordheadwindsinparagraph2referto?A. Bansonplasticbags.B. Effectsofcitydevelopment.C. Headachescausedbygarbage.DrPlasticbagshungintrees.26. Whatisadisadvantageofreusablebagsaccordingtoplastic-bagmakers?A. Theyarequiteexpens

21、ive.B. Replacingthemcanbedifficult.C. Theyarelessstrongthanplasticbags.卷D.Producingthemrequiresmoreenergy.27. Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A. Plastic,PaperorNeitherB. Industry,PollutionandEnvironment上C.RecycleorThrowAwayD. GarbageCollectionandWasteControlCAsculturalsymbolsgo,theAmericancarisquiteyou

22、ng.TheModelTFordwasbuiltat-he-P-qiettePlantinMichiganacenturyago,withthefirstrollingofftheassemblyline（装配线）onSeptember27,1908.Onlyelevencarswereproducedthenextmonth.Buteventually-二二二二二二校学业毕HenryFordwouldbuildfifteenmillionofthem.ModernAmericawasbornontheroad,behindawheel.Thecarshapedsomeofthemost-as

23、timg-aspectsofAmericanculture:theroadsidediner,thebillboard,themotel,eventhehamburger.Formostofthelastcentury,thecarrepresentedwhatitmeanttobeAmericangoingforwardathighspeedtofindnewworlds.Theroadnovel,theroadmovie,thesearethemosttypicalAmericanideas,bornofabundantpetrol,cheapcarsandanever-endingint

24、erstatehighwaysystem,thelargestpublicworksprojectinhistory.无In1928HerbertHooverimaginedanAmericawithachickenineverypotandacarineverygarage.Sincethen,thissocietyhasmovedonward,neverlookingback,asthecartransformedAmericafromafarm-basedsocietyintoanindustrialpower.ThecarsthatdrovetheAmericanDreamhavehe

25、lpedtocreateaglobalecological效disaster.InAmericathedemandforoilhasgrownby22percentsince1990.Theproblemsofexcessive（过度的）energyconsumption,climatechangeandpopulationgrowthhavebeendescribedinabookbytheAmericanwriterThomasL.Friedman.Hefearstheworst,buthopesforthebest.Friedmanpointsoutthatthegreeneconomy

26、（经济）isachancetokeepAmericanstrength.Theabilitytodesign,buildandexportgreentechnologiesforproducingcleanwater,cleanairandhealthyandabundantfoodisgoingtobethecurrencyofpowerinthenewcentury.28. Whyishamburgermentionedinparagraph2?A. ToexplainAmericanslovefortravellingbycar.B. Toshowtheinfluenceofcarson

27、Americanculture.C. TostressthepopularityoffastfoodwithAmericans.D. TopraisetheeffectivenessofAmericasroadsystem.29. WhathastheuseofcarsinAmericaledto?A. Declineofeconomy.B. Environmentalproblems.C. Ashortageofoilsupply.D. Afarm-basedsociety.30. WhatisFriedmansattitudetowardsAmericasfuture?A.Ambiguou

28、s.B.Doubtful.C.Hopeful.D.Tolerant.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Movingintoanewhomeinanewneighborhoodisanexcitingexperience.Ofcourse,youwanttomakesurethatyoubecomeanacceptableandvaluablepartofyourneighborhood.Theeasiestwaytoaccomplishthisistomakesureyouconductyourselfa

29、sagoodneighborshould.31Perhapsoneofthemostimportantthingsyoucandoasagoodneighboristokeepyourproperty（房产）neat,clean,andingoodrepair.32Bychoosingtokeeptheoutsideofthehomeingreatshape,youwillhelptoimprovethelookandfeelofthearea.Second,taketheoverallappearanceoftheneighborhoodseriously.Whengoingforawalk

30、.Takeasmallgarbagebag.33Thissmallactwillletyourneighborsknowthatyoucareaboutthearea.34Ifaneighborisgoingtobeoutoftown,offertocollectmailandnewspapers.Ifaneighborsuffersanillness,offertodothegroceryshopping.Letthemknowyouaretheretohelpinanywaythisacceptable,whilestillrespectingtheprivacyofyourneighbo

31、r.31Byfollowingthebasicrulesofrespectingothers,takingcareofwhatbelongstoyou,andtakingprideintheappearanceoftheneighborhoodingeneral,youwillquicklybecomeagoodneighborthateveryoneappreciate.A.Ingeneral,keepaneyeontheirpropertywhiletheyaregone.B.Agoodneighborisalsoonewholikestohelpoutinsmallways.C. Bei

32、ngagoodneighborismoreorlessaboutconsideratebehavior.D. Sometimesneighborsmaygotothesupermarkettogethertodoshopping.E. Shouldyoucomeacrosswastepaperthrownoutofapassingcar,pickitup.F. Peopletendtolakeprideinkeepingeverythingintheirstreetfreshandinviting.G. Hereareafewtipstohelpyouwinovereveryoneinthen

33、eighborhoodquickly第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。Wehaveallheardhowtimeismorevaluablethanmoney,butisit36tohavetoomuch?I37backinhighschoolIspentmostofmydayatschoolsinceIalso38ateamsport.BythetimeIgothome,Ionlyhadafewhourstodomyhom

34、ework,andIhadtodoit39.WhenIgotintocollege,things40Isuddenlyfoundmyselfoutofclassbeforenoontime.Becauseofallthis41therewasnosenseof42todomyschoolworkimmediately.Iwasperformingthisactionofwaitinguntilitlaterbecame43.Oncethathappened,Ijustkept44mystudyingfurtherandfurtherbackinmyday.ThenIgottothepointw

35、hereIwas45reallylateatnighttogetmyworkalone.OnedayI46aformerclassmateofminewhowas47alotofmoneyrunningasideline(副业).Sincehisregularjobwas48,Iaskedhimwhyhejustdidntdohissidelinefull-time.Hesaidwithoutthejob,hewould49havetoomuchtimeandwouldjustdowhatIdidbackin50.Hesaidthatifhe51thejob,hewouldlosehis52_

36、toworkandsucceed.50, try53yourtinewithotherwork.Thisiswhythereisa55thatifyouwantsomethingdone,aska56persontodoit.36.A.trueB.fairC.strangeD.possible37.A.rememberB.admitC.understandD.expect38.A.watchedB.loved.C.CoachedD.played39.A.allastB.rightawayC.ofcourseD.mattered40.A.happenedB.repeatedC,changedD.

37、mattered41.A.extraB.difficult.C.valuableD.limited42.A.dutyB.achievementC.urgencyD.direction43.A.burdenB.reliefC.riskD.habit44.A.pushingB.takingC.settingD.calling45.A.hangingoutB.stayingupC.joggingroundD.showingoff46.A.metB.helpedC.treatedD.hired47.A.raisingB.wastingC.demandingD.making48.A.safeB.impo

38、rtantC.boringD.rewarding49.A.luckilyB.hardlyC.hopefullyD.simply50.A.childhoodB.collegeC.townD.business51.A.quitB.foundC.acceptedD.kept52.A.heartB.chanceC.driveD.way53.A.savingB.fillingupC.givingupD.trading54.A.messageB.storyC.sayingD.fact55.A.carefulB.busyC.reliableD.kind非选择题部分第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分45分)第二节

39、(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。FewpeopleIknowseemtohavemuchdesireortimetocook.MakingChinese56(dish)isseenasespeciallytroublesome.Manywesterners57cometoChinacookmuchlessthanintheirowncountriesoncetheyrealizehowcheap58canbetoeatout.Istillremember59(visit)afriendwhodlivedheref

40、orfiveyearsandI60(shock)whenIlearntshehadntcookedonceinallthattime.Whileregularlyeatingoutseemsto61(become)commonformanyyoungpeopleinrecentyears,itnstwithoutacost.Theobviousoneismoney;eatingoutonceortwiceaweekmaybe62(afford)butdoingthismostdaysaddsup.Therecouldbeaneven63(high)costonyourhealth.Resear

41、chershavefoundthatthereisadirectlinkbetweentheincreaseinfoodeatenoutsidethehomeandtherisein64(weigh)problems.-二二二二一二二二号生考-二二二二二二二二二二二二二二名姓二二二一二二二校学业毕Ifyouarenotgoingtosufferthisproblem,thenIsuggestthatthenexttimeyougotoyourmumshome65dinner,getafewcookingtipsfromher.Cookingfoodcanbefun.Youmightalsobe

42、gintonoticetheeffectsnotonlyonyourhealthbutinyourpocket.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节应用文写作（满分15分）嘏定你是李华，你校英语协会招聘志愿者，接待来访的国外中学生。请你写信应聘，内容包括1 .口语能力：2 .相关经验；3应聘目的。注意：1 .词数80左右;2 .可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。第二节读后续写（满分25分）阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。Itwassummer,andmydadwantedtotreatmetoavacationlikeneverbefore.Hedecidedto

43、takemeonatriptotheWildWest.WetookaplanetoAlbuquerque,abigcityinthestateofNewMexico.WereachedAlbuquerqueinthelateafternoon.UnclePaul,mydadsfriend,picketsupfromtheairportanddroveusuptohisfarminPecos.HiswifeTinacookedusadeliciousdinnerandwegottoknowhissonsRyanandKyle.MydadandIspentthenightintheguestroo

44、mofthefarmhouselisteningtothefrogsandwafeFrollingdowntheriver_oearby.Veryearlyinthemorning,UnclePaulwokeusuptohavebreakfast.Thedaystartsatdawnonmyfarm,hesaid.Afterbreakfast,IwenttohelpAuntTinafeedthechickens.whilemydadwentwithUnclePaultotakethesheepouttograze（吃草）.IwasimpressedtoseemydadandUnclePaulr

45、idinghorses.Theylookedreallycool.fn4heafternoon,IaskedUnclePaulifIcouldtakeahoseride,andhesaidyes,aslongasmydadwentwithme.Iwasntgoingtotakeahorseridebyarywlfy.So,mydadandIputonournewcowboyhats,gotonourhorses,andheadedslowlytowardsthemountains.Dontbtaleforsupper,UnclePaulcried,andkeeptothetracksothat

46、youdongetlotst!OK!mydadcriedback.AfterawhileUnclePaulandhisfarmhousewereoutofsight.Itwassopeacefulandquietandthecolorsofthebrownrocks,thedeepgreenpinetrees,andthelateafternoonsunmixedtocreateamagicscene.Itlookedlikeabeautifulwoven（编织的）blanketspreadoutuponthegroundjustforus.注意：1 .所续写短文的词数应为l50左右；2 .至

47、少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语：3 .续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；4 .续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。浙江省2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语答案解析第一部分听力1 .【答案】B2 .【答案】C3 .【答案】C4 .【答案】B5 .【答案】A6 .【答案】B7 .【答案】A8 .【答案】B9 .【答案】C10 .【答案】C11 .【答案】A12 .【答案】B13 .【答案】A14 .【答案】A15 .【答案】C16 .【答案】B17 .【答案】C18 .【答案】B19 .【答案】C20 .【答案】A第二部分阅读理解第一节A21.【答案】C【解析】根据

48、第一段最后两句可知，许多小说作品都没有作者的名字，经常会出现如“由一位女士所写”之类的标注。这些小说，在很大程度上被认为是愚蠢的、不道德的，或者直接就是糟糕的。由此可推断，18世纪的英国小说被看作是几乎没有价值的。【考点】推理判断。22 .【答案】D【解析】根据第二段最后一句RemovinghimfromthepantheonofEnglishliteraturewouldmakeaboutasmuchsense,astheLouvresellingofftheMonaLisa.”可知，将他从英国文学的名人堂中移除，与卢浮宫廉价出售蒙娜丽莎的意义一样。再根据第三段的内容可推断，把狄更斯与蒙娜丽

49、莎相比旨在强调他在文学史上的重要性。【考点】推理判断。23 .【答案】A【解析】纵观全文，文章主要介绍了查尔斯狄更斯在英国文学史上的地位。由此可推断，作者写这篇文章是为了纪念一位伟大的作家。【考点】目的意图。B24 .【答案】D【解析】根据第一段最后一句及第二段最后一句可知，塑料袋制造商雇用了斯坦这样的科学家来倡导大家使用塑料袋。【考点】细节理解。25 .【答案】A【解析】根据第二段第三句Thebagsareprohibitedinsome,90citiesinCalifornia,includingLosAngeles.”可知，在加州包括洛杉矶在内的大约90个城市，塑料袋是被禁止使用的。由此

50、可推断，headwinds指的是“对塑料袋的禁令”。【考点】词义推测。26 .【答案】D【解析】根据第四段第三句However,longer-lastingreusablebagsoftenrequiremoreenergytomake.”可知，制造能更长久地重复使用的袋子通常需要更多的能源。【考点】细节理解。27 .【答案】A【解析】纵观全文，本文主要论述了使用塑料袋的弊端以及在有些地方塑料袋已经被禁止使用，纸袋虽可回收利用，但制造时需要的能源也多，环境保护者建议禁止使用纸袋，希望消费者长期重复使用购物袋。因此A项最符合本文的标题。【考点】标题归纳。C28 .【答案】B【解析】根据第二段第二

51、句ThecarshapedsomeofthemostlastingaspectsofAmericanculture:theroadsidediner,thebillboard,themotel,eventhehamburger.“可推断，第二段提到汉堡是为了表明汽车对美国文化的影响。【考点】推理判断。29 .【答案】B【解析】根据第四段第句ThecarsthatdrovetheAmericanDreamhavehelpedtocreateaglobalecologicaldisaster/,和第五段第句中的Theproblemsofexcessiveenergyconsumption,clim

52、atechangeandpopulationgrowthhavebeendescribed”可推断，美国的汽车业的发展也导致了环境问题。【考点】推理判断。30 .【答案】C【解析】根据最后一段可知，弗里德曼指出，“绿色经济有机会让美国保持自己的实力。美国有设计、构建和出口用于生产清洁水、清洁空气和健康丰富食品的绿色技术的能力，这些将成为新世纪的权力货币。由此可推断，弗里德曼对美国未来充满希望。【考点】推理判断。第二节31 .【答案】G【解析】根据空前句Theeasiestwaytoaccomplishthisistomakesureyouconductyourselfas,agoodneigh

53、borshould.”以及下文的几个建议可推断，G项有一些技巧可以帮助你迅速赢得邻居的支持”符合语境。32 .【答案】F【解析】根据空前句Perhaps.oneofthemostimportantthingsyoucandoasagoodneighboristokeepyourpropertyneat,clean,anD.ingoodrepair.”可推断，F项“人们倾向于以保持街道干净整洁为荣”符合语境。33 .【答案】E【解析】根据空前一句Whengoingforawalk,takealongasmallgarbagebag.”可推断，E项“如果你碰到路过的车里扔出了废纸，就捡起来”符合语

54、境。34 .【答案】B【解析】根据空后句Ifaneighbor,isgoingtobeoutoftown,offertocollectmailandnewspapers；可知，B项“好邻居还是一个喜欢在生活小事情上帮助别人的人”符合语境。35 .【答案】C【解析】根据空后句Byfollowingthebasicrulesofrespectingothers,taking,careof-whatbelongstoyou,andtakingprideintheappearanceoftheneighborhoodingeneral,youwillquicklybecomeagoodneighborthateveryoneappreciates.”可推断，C项”成为好邻居或多或少与体贴的行为有关”符合语境。第三部分语言运用第一节完形填空36 .【答案】D【解析】根据前文中的Wehaveallheardhowtimeismorevaluablethanmoney”和下文的提示可知，我们会（possible）有太多的时间吗？表示一种可能性。37 .【答案】