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1、一般过去时它表示的是:某个动作作发生在过去的时间里,并且这个动作已经完 成了。常和表示过去的 时间状语 连用。如:last year, yesterday 等;也可表 示过去经常反复发生的动作,常和 often, always 等频率副词连用。一般过去时-基本概念1 .“过去的时间”可长可短,哪怕是一分钟之前发生的事,也是过去时,时间用 just now 表示;当然一万年前发生的事更是过去时;2 .这个“过去的时间” 一般是比较笼统的“一段”时间,比如:yesterday , last week, in 1993, at that time , once, during the war, be
2、fore , a few days ago, when.等等。也就是说,“过去的时间”不是一个非常准确的时间,因为如果 是明确的时间,就要用过去进行时了。3 .过去时表示的动作已经结束了,它侧重于这个事情已经做过并已完成,跟现在 没有多大的联系。如果要强调过去的动作对现在的影响,就要用现在完成时了。一般过去时-句型构成ExAin|jlv!f Mid育常取卜检算用一篇讨史M did /vl yuIpast =伫的寸.definiteThu kl: STi c d-flIdbl动作已蛀h声,去钻云当,Tiyir.Cammon flmr;-pw喊,*Me 扉t:w吠 hmeW,ln wt'F
3、n I盅K音冏!RiJQ跻g:6M一般过去时一般过去时主要是通过谓语动词的变化来表示的。英语中每种时态都要求谓语动 词进行相应的变化。在一般过去时里,要求谓语动词用动词“过去式”。原形动词变为过去式,可以概括为两类:一类是规则的变化,另一类是不规则的 变化。1.规则变化的动词过去式(1)在词尾加ed或d英语中大部分动词过去式都是规则变化的,即在动词后加上ed;如果结尾字母是不发音的e,则只要加上一个d就行了。例如:work-workedclean-cleanedplay-playedlive-liveddecide-decidedlove-loved 以辅音字母+y结尾的,变y为i加edstu
4、dy-studiedhurry-hurriedcarry-carried(3) 以重读 闭音节 结尾的,双写最后的辅音字母再加edstop-stoppeddrop-droppedwag-wagged2. 不规则变化的动词过去式不规则变化是指过去式不能加 ed,用另外一个词来表示。这样的不规则过去式 也有很多,只有靠一个一个去记忆了。例如:is/am-wasshall-shouldmay- mightgo-wentsit-satswim-swamrun-ranspeak-spokeare-werewill-wouldcome-camesay-saidhave/has-hadcan-couldta
5、ke-tookget-gotwrite-wrotebegin-begansing-sangbreak-broketell-told不规则变化中,还有少数词的过去式与原形动词完成相同;read 的过去式只是 读音改变了。例如:cut-cutput-putlet-letread-readredkeep-keptfeel-feltsleep-sleptsweep-sweptbuild-builtlend-lentsend-sentspend-spentring-rang sit-sat drink-dranksing-sang swim-swamthink-thought buy-boughtbri
6、ng-brought fight-foughtteach-taughtcatch-caughtknow-knew grow-grew throw-threw draw-drew3. 规则动词过去式的读音在 清辅音 p k f s 等后, ed 要读 t 。例如: worked, finished在元音或浊辅音b g v z m 等后,ed要读d。例如:lived, called在t或d后,ed 读id。例如:started , needed一般过去时- 句型用法1. 在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。时间状语有:yesterday, last week, an hour ago, t
7、he other day, in 1982等。Where did you go just now?2. 表示在过去一段时间内,经常性或习惯性的动作。When I was a child, I often played football in the street.Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.3. 句型 :It is time for sb. to do sth"到时间了 ""该了"It is time sb. did sth.&qu
8、ot;时间已迟了 ""早该了 "It is time for you to go to bed.你该睡觉了。It is time you went to bed.你早该睡觉了。would (had) rather sb. did sth.表示 ' 宁愿某人做某事'I'd rather you came tomorrow.4. wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时,作试探性的询问、请求、建议等。I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些。比较:一般过去时表示的动作 或状态都已成为过
9、去,现已不复存在。Christine was an invalid all her life.( 含义:她已不在人间。)Christine has been an invalid all her life.( 含义:她现在还活着)Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years.( 含义:达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。)Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years.( 含义:现在还住在肯塔基州,有可能指刚离去)注意: 用过去时表示现在,表示委婉语气。1. 动词 want, hope, wonder, th
10、ink, intend 等。Did you want anything else?I wondered if you could help me.2. 情态动词could, would.Could you lend me your bike?一般过去时- 疑问句型过去时的一般疑问句 可以分为两类。1. was / were, had ( 有 )它们的一般疑问句是将was / were, had 移到主语前面,否定句是直接在它们后面加上not。例如:He was very busy last Friday.Was he very busy last Friday? Yes, he was. /
11、No, he wasn't.He wasn't very busy last Friday.The girls were happy about it.Were the girls happy about it? Yes, they were. / No, they weren't.The girls were not happy about it.She had a car last year.Had she a car last year? Yes, she had. / No, she hadn't.She hadn't a car last ye
12、ar.2. 实义动词实义动词过去式的一般疑问句,是在主语前加上did ;否定句是在谓语动词前加上 did not ,并将谓语动词改为动词原形。请注意:过去时不分人称和单复数,都是加 did 或 did not 。 例如:Li Ming studied English this morning.Did Li Ming studied English this morning ? Yes, he did. / No, he didn't.Li Ming didn't study English this morning.We often played badminton toget
13、her.Did you often played badminton together? Yes, we did. / No, we didn't.We didn't often play badminton together.其次, had 如果作为实义动词的话,也是加did 或 did not. 例如:They had a meeting last Friday.Did they have a meeting last Friday? Yes, they did. / No, they didn't.They didn't have a meeting la
14、st Friday.3. 过去时的特殊疑问句When did this happen? It happened in the Han Dynasty. 这是什么时候发生的事?是汉朝时发生的。How did you find the job? I found it in the newspaper.这工作你是怎么知道的?我从报纸上看到的。Who told you this? Mr. Green did. 这事是谁告诉你的?是Mr. Green.- 三变技巧 一变:肯定句变为否定句技巧 1. 当句中含有情态动词或助动词could , would, should 等时,可直接在其后面加 not 构成
15、否定句。例如:I could get you a concert ticket.f I could not / couldn't get you aconcert ticket.技巧 2. 当句中含有系动词was, were 时,可直接在其后加not 构成否定句。例如:I was on the Internet when you called me. f I was not / wasn't on the Internet when you called me.技巧 3. 当句中谓语是除情态动词、助动词、系动词was, were 以外的动词时,在该动词之前加did not /
16、didn't ,动词还原,构成否定句。例如:The famous singer sang some Chinese songs. f The famous singer did not/ didn't sing any Chinese songs.二变:陈述句变为一般疑问句技巧 1. 移动词语的位置。将was, were, could , would, should 等移到句首。例如:He could pack his things himself. f Could he pack his things himself?技巧 2. 添加 助动词 did 。谓语是除情态动词 、助
17、动词、系动词was, were 以外的动词时,在主语之前加did ,动词还原。例如:Mr Li looked very old. f Did Mr Li look very old?三变:陈述句变为特殊疑问句技巧 1. 确定疑问词:人 who/ whom, 物 what, 地点where, 时间 when/ what time ,原因why,频率how often ,长度how long ,距离how far等等。例如: They gave the concert last night. f When did they give the concert?技巧 2. 辨认结构形式:疑问词+情态动
18、词/助动词 / was / were / did +主语+.?例如:The accident happened near the station. f Where did the accident happen?- 句型比较般现在时要和现在的时间相联系,而一般过去时和说话的“现在”没有联系His father is a film director.他父亲是电影导演。( 他现在还是)His father was a film director.他父亲曾是电影导演。( 他现在不是)How do you like the novel?你觉得这部小说怎么样?( 还在看小说)How did you like the novel?你觉得这部小说怎么样?( 已看完小说)一般过去时- 句型口诀一般过去时并不难,表示过去动作、状态记心间。动词要用过去式,时间状语句末站。否定句很简单,didn't 站在动词原形前,其它部分不要变。一般疑问句也好变,did 放在句子前,主语、动词原形、其它部分依次站。特殊疑问句也简单,疑问词加一般疑问句记心间。最后一条请注意,动词过去
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