Unit3《Computers_》language_points(新人教必修2)

1、Unit 3 Computers Some words on the Internet:netizen 网民网民Net surf 网络漫游网络漫游computer virus 计算机计算机病毒病毒cyber 计算机的，网络的计算机的，网络的browse 浏览浏览cyberspace 网络空间网络空间scroll 滚动显屏滚动显屏access charge 接入费接入费cursor 光标光标BBS 公告板服务公告板服务 backer 黑客黑客chat room 聊天室聊天室click 点击点击 1. Our homework has been finished by us.2. The Grea

2、t Wall has been visited by many visitors.3.Two films have been seen by Mike since last month.4. These palace have been turned into museums.Grammar:Have/ has been Ved现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态1.The new bridge over the Yellow River has just been completed. 2.Many more buildings have been built in the past t

3、en years.表示到现在为止表示到现在为止已经完成已经完成的某个的某个被动的动作被动的动作1.被动语态介词固定搭配不能省略。被动语态介词固定搭配不能省略。He has thought of a way of solving the problem.Eg.The accident which happened yesterday surprised me.=A way of solving the problem has been thought of.2.break out/ happen/ take place/ arrive/ become/ die/ disappear etc 不及

4、物动词没有被动语态不及物动词没有被动语态3.带双宾语的动词带双宾语的动词give /send/bring/ take/teach/show/ tell/ make/ sing/ write/ sell/buy/ ask/ pay/ borrow/ lend/ hand/ offer/provide/ past/get/promise 变被动变被动语态有两种方法：语态有两种方法：（2）=The book has been given to him.（1）=He has been given the book.Eg.I have given him the book. (2) =We have b

5、een offered the most comfortable service by him.He has offered us the most comfortable service.(1) =The most comfortable service has been offered to us by him.Change the following sentences into the present perfect passive voice. Put the verbs into the correct form. We have bought a new personal com

6、puter. 2.We have found many problems with our new computer.A new personal computer has been bought by us.Many problems have been found with our new computer by us.3. They have built a PC the way we wanted.4. They have just joined our computer to the Internet.5. We have used the computer every day si

7、nce we bought it.6. We have written a lot of e-mails on the computer in the past year.A PC has been built the way we wanted by them.Our computer has been joined to the Internet by them.The computer has been used every day since we bought it.A lot of e-mails have been written on the computer in the p

8、ast year. (2004高考高考 江苏卷江苏卷) More patients _in hospital this year than last year. treated B. had treated C. had been treated D.have been treated 2. (2004 高考高考 北京卷北京卷)The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for the Beijing Olympics _ by 2006. has been completed B. has completed C. will ha

9、ve been completed D. will have completed D高考链接C3. （2004高考高考 广西卷）广西卷）- The window is dirty.- I know. It _ for weeks. hasnt cleaned B. didnt clean C. wasnt cleaned D. hasnt been cleaned 4.(2004高考高考 湖北卷湖北卷)- George and Lucy got married . Did you go to their wedding? - No, I _. Did they have a big weddi

10、ng?A. was not invited B. have not been invited C. hadnt been invited D. didnt inviteDmon 常见的；寻常的；普通的；非特异的；共同的；常见的；寻常的；普通的；非特异的；共同的；公共的；低俗的公共的；低俗的v常用短语：常用短语：v和和有（没有）共同点有（没有）共同点 v have something ( nothing / little ) in common with v和和一起；象一起；象一样一样 vin common with v常理；情理常理；情理 ，常识，常识v common sense v公共利益公

11、共利益v common interests v普通知识普通知识v common knowledgein common : for or by all of a group 共同共同的；的； 共有的共有的 the land owned in common by the residents 居民居民共有的土地共有的土地In common 常常同常常同have连用，如：连用，如：have nothing in commonhave little in commonhave something in commonhave a lot in common无共同之处无共同之处几乎无共同之处几乎无共同之处有

12、一些共同之处有一些共同之处有许多共同之处有许多共同之处2.simple-minded:showing very little intelligence 头头脑简单的；笨的。脑简单的；笨的。Richard is smart but_.心不在焉的心不在焉的虚心的，没有偏见的虚心的，没有偏见的 心胸狭窄的心胸狭窄的意志坚强的意志坚强的低能的，愚蠢的低能的，愚蠢的里查德很聪明但他有许多头脑简单的朋友。里查德很聪明但他有许多头脑简单的朋友。he has a lot of simple-minded friends.absent-mindedopen-mindednarrow-mindedstrong-m

13、indedweak-minded3.go by (1)pass 经过，过去经过，过去 时间慢慢过去。时间慢慢过去。 勿失此良机。勿失此良机。Time went by slowly.Dont let this opportunity go by.根据交通规则判断，司机应该被罚。根据交通规则判断，司机应该被罚。_, the driver should be punished.(2) judge by依据依据做判断做判断Going by the traffic rulev与go有关的短语：v1)go_after_ (追求) v2) go _against_ (反对) v 3) go _over_（

14、检查，复习）v4)go _out_ ( 熄灭) v5) go _through_(遭受,经历) v6) go in for (从事，爱好) v随堂练习：v1)_Going by her accent _ (根据她的口音)，she must be from Shandong.v2)_As time passed by/ With time passing by( 随着时间的推移)， she became more and more anxious about her sons safety.4. anyway 无论如何，总之，反正无论如何，总之，反正Anyway its worth trying

15、. 不管怎样，这事值得一试。不管怎样，这事值得一试。也许会下雨，但我们无论如何都要去。也许会下雨，但我们无论如何都要去。It may rain, but well go anyway.5.deal with 我现在要处理这个问题。我现在要处理这个问题。你们打算怎样处理本地区的水污染问题呢？你们打算怎样处理本地区的水污染问题呢？How are you going to deal with the water pollution of this area?I will deal with the problem now.(1)处理，安排处理，安排（2）和）和打交道，对付，收拾打交道，对付，收拾Th

16、at man is easy to deal with.那个人很容易对付。（或打交道很容易）那个人很容易对付。（或打交道很容易）（3）论述，谈（某问题）论述，谈（某问题）These novels do not deal with reality.这些小说没谈及现实问题。这些小说没谈及现实问题。(1)n. process of being born, coming into the world 出生，出世，诞生出生，出世，诞生他出身低微。他出身低微。He is_.他虽然生在法国，但父母是英国人。他虽然生在法国，但父母是英国人。He is British_ though he was born i

17、n France.那婴儿生下来就有七磅重。那婴儿生下来就有七磅重。The baby weighed 7 pounds_.6.birthat birthby birthof no birthgive birth to & be born她生于她生于1968年。年。She was born in 1968.be born 则表示则表示“出生出生”她生了五个小孩。她生了五个小孩。She gave birth to five children.give birth to 意为意为“生产，生下生产，生下”，有时，有时也作也作“使使诞生诞生”解解7.sound 系动词，听起来系动词，听起来注意：注

18、意：sound, look, smell, feel , taste 为系动词，后为系动词，后面可跟形容词、名词、介词短语作为其表语。系面可跟形容词、名词、介词短语作为其表语。系动词不能用于被动语态。动词不能用于被动语态。你说的话听起来有道理。你说的话听起来有道理。What you said sounds reasonable. 听起来像直升飞机的声音。听起来像直升飞机的声音。That sounds like a helicopter. sound like “听起来像听起来像” like 为介词，其后跟名词、为介词，其后跟名词、代词或动名词代词或动名词It sounds as though/

19、as if:音乐听起来多美啊音乐听起来多美啊!How sweet the music sounds!听起来似乎政府不知怎样做听起来似乎政府不知怎样做It sounds as though/if the government dont know that to do. 8. No one could recognize me after I got my new transistors in the 1960s.20世纪世纪60年代我有了新年代我有了新的晶体管之后，就没有人能认出我来了。的晶体管之后，就没有人能认出我来了。从走路的姿势你可以认出他来。从走路的姿势你可以认出他来。Youll rec

20、ognize him_.recognize(1)vt. be able to identify again sb./sth. that one has seen, heard, etc.认出，听出认出，听出by his walk(2)vt. be willing to accept sb./sth. as what he or it claims to be or has been in the past承承认，认可认，认可他们拒绝承认新政府。他们拒绝承认新政府。They refuse to recognize the new government.9.Then in 1822 I was b

21、uilt as an Analytical Machine by Charles Babbage.后来到后来到1822年，查尔斯年，查尔斯.巴比奇把我制成了一巴比奇把我制成了一架分析机。架分析机。Analytical Machine分析机分析机Analytical(1) adj. using analysis, of analysis 分析的，用分分析的，用分析法的析法的联想联想(派派) analyse nlaiz (vt.) 分析分析 analysis nlsis (n.) 分析分析 analytical nlitik (adj.) 分析的分析的 analytically (adv.) 分析

22、地分析地 analyst nlist (n.) 分析家分析家 depart (vi.)-departure( n.) similar( adj.) -similarity (n.) discuss (vt.)-discussion (n.)10.However, people thought I was simple-minded until they discovered I had “artificial intelligence”.可是人们认为我头脑简单，直到发可是人们认为我头脑简单，直到发现我有人工智能时，他们才不这么想了。现我有人工智能时，他们才不这么想了。(1)adv. in wh

23、atever way or degree 无论如何，无论如何，however 作为副词单独使用而不引导从句时，意作为副词单独使用而不引导从句时，意为为“然而然而”“”“不过不过”，在句中的位置非常灵活，在句中的位置非常灵活，可置于句首、句中或句末，常用逗号将可置于句首、句中或句末，常用逗号将however与句子隔开与句子隔开However她非常努力，（尽管如此）然而她没有成功。她非常努力，（尽管如此）然而她没有成功。She worked hard. However, she wasnt successful.然而他弄错了然而他弄错了He was mistaken, however.然而，这个问

24、题还有它的另一面。然而，这个问题还有它的另一面。There is, however, another side to this problem.(2)引导让步状语从句时，表示引导让步状语从句时，表示“无论如无论如何何”“”“不管怎样不管怎样”，相当于，相当于no matter how, 后接后接adj.或或adv.无论多热，他也不会脱掉外套。无论多热，他也不会脱掉外套。However hot it is, he will not take off his coat.11.as 作为作为As the years went by 当，时候（表伴随）当，时候（表伴随） = With the year

25、s going byAs students, we must make good use of time.He served as a servant in a five-star hotel.作为学生，我们必须利用好时间。作为学生，我们必须利用好时间。他在一家五星级酒店里当一名服务员。他在一家五星级酒店里当一名服务员。13. With 具有；有着具有；有着, 表示伴随表示伴随 The man_ is my brother.China is a country_.with a long historywith thick hair中国是一个有着悠久历史的国家。中国是一个有着悠久历史的国家。那个有着浓密头发的男人是我的哥哥。那个有着浓密头发的男人是我的哥哥。接动名词的动词有：接动名词的动词有：enjoy/ finish/ practise/ consider/ miss/ adm