4模块-3单元+Grammar+and+usage

1、Unit 3 Tomorrows worldUnit 3 Tomorrows worldUnit 3 grammarUnit 3 grammarThe man _(call) “ Good husband”.is calledThe pet dog _ (treat) by veterinary. is being treatedA frog _ ( catch) by a big bird just now.was caughtI _ (move) by the brave astronauts Fei Junlong and Lie Haishen.have been movedPoint

2、 out the verb, the subject and the object in the following sentences:We keep food in the fridge.The boy broke the glass.We must close the windows and the door.S v.O.S.v.O.SV.O Change these sentences into the passive voice:We keep food in the fridge.Food is kept in the fridge.The boy broke the glass.

3、The glass was broken by the boy.You must close the windows and the door.The windows and the door must be closed.How can we change a sentence into passive voice ?1. Find out the subject of the sentence and use it as the subject of the sentence with the passive voice.2. Decide the tense of the sentenc

4、e and use the related form of its passive.3. If necessary, use”by” to join the former subject, which should be put into its object form.When to use the passive voice ?Many houses will be built here.1. 不知道或没必要指出动作的自行者。不知道或没必要指出动作的自行者。The song “ The East is Red” was written by a poor peasant.2. 2. 强调动

5、作的承受者强调动作的承受者 The plan was supported by those who wished to have more chances to speak English.3。 动作的执行者有较长的修饰语动作的执行者有较长的修饰语。You are requested to attend the meeting.4. 出于礼貌，不愿意说出动作的执行者。出于礼貌，不愿意说出动作的执行者。Change the following sentences into the passive voice:1. All of us like her.2.We are discussing th

6、e question.She is liked by all of us.The question is being discussed.3. We have put off the meeting.4. I will develop my picture next week.The meeting has been put off.My picture will be developed next week.be+ done am/is/are am/is/are+beingshall/will+behave/has+beenbe+ donewas/werewould+behad beenw

7、as/were+beingPlease read Point 3 on Page 48.1.1. I _(give) a new I _(give) a new book by my father on my book by my father on my birthday.birthday.2.2.English _(find) very English _(find) very useful.useful.3.The work _ 3.The work _ (finish) tomorrow.(finish) tomorrow.was given is foundwill be finis

8、hedPlease read Point 3 on Page 48.4.4. The flowers The flowers _ (water) by _ (water) by them now.them now.5.The railway _ 5.The railway _ (build) this time last year.(build) this time last year.6. The new way _ 6. The new way _ already _(build).already _(build). are being wateredwas being builthas

9、been built 7. The new railway _ (build) by the end of last year.8. He told me the sports meeting _(hold) the next month.9. Rice _(grow) in the south of the States.had been builtwould be held is grownChange the following sentences into passive voice and ask questions about the underlined parts:1. We

10、will build many new sports venues for the Beijing Olympics.Many new sports venues will be built for the Beijing Olympics.What will be built for the Beijing Olympics ?2. I was watching the final match on TV yesterday evening.The final match was being watched yesterday evening.Where was the final matc

11、h being watched yesterday ? 3. John carried the Canadian flag at the opening of the Olympics.The Canadian flag was carried by John at the opening of the Olympics. Who (Whom) was the Canadian flag carried by at the Olympics ?4. We have made the flags by hand.The flags have been made by hand.How have

12、the flags been made ?5. I will take care of your dog while you are away.Your dog will be taken care of while you are away.What will be taken care of while you are away ?We can use modal verbs in the passive voice to talk about ability, possibility, duty, permission, etc.Firefighters could be trained

13、 using RealCine.Computers can calculate the position of the viewer any time.The position of the viewer can be calculated at any time. Practice: Practice:1. The viewer can touch the objects in the film.2. The viewer may feel a real sense of achievement.The objects in the film can be touched.A real se

14、nse of achievement and happiness may be felt. 3. RealCine might not impress some viewers.Some viewers might not be impressed by RealCine.4. Teachers could use RealCine in the classroom too.RealCine could be used in the classroom too. 5. Film-makers should use RealCine for all films.6. Scientists oug

15、ht to develop RealCine further.RealCine should be used for all films.RealCine ought to be developed further.被动语态的各种句型：被动语态的各种句型：1 1 单宾语结构。单宾语结构。Our English teacher often uses a tape-recorder in teaching English.A tape-recorder is often used (by our English teacher ) in teaching English.The villagers

16、 gave the foreign guests a warm welcome.The foreign guests were given a warm welcome by the villagers.A warm welcome was given to the foreign guests by the villagers.2。双宾语结构。双宾语结构。We offered people in the flooded areas some food and clothes.People in the flooded areas were given some food and clothe

17、s.Some food and clothes were given to the people in the flooded areas.3.3.复合宾语结构复合宾语结构。They heard someone singing in the next room.objectObject complementSomeone was heard singing in the next room. 在主动语态中在主动语态中, ,有些使役有些使役 动词和感官动词后接不带动词和感官动词后接不带toto的不定式作宾语补足语。但在被动的不定式作宾语补足语。但在被动语态中，要改为带语态中，要改为带toto的不

18、定式作主的不定式作主语补足语。如：语补足语。如：see/hear/make Sb. be seen/heard/made to do sth.The boy was seen to fall from the tree. 4 4 短语动词结构。相当于及短语动词结构。相当于及 物动词的短语动词也可以物动词的短语动词也可以有被动语态。有被动语态。 如如：look after, give up, take care of, pay attention to, make use of, put off, wake up, put out 等。The children must be taken car

19、e of.The big fire has been put out.特别警示特别警示 ： 1 1 只有及物动词和及物动词短只有及物动词和及物动词短 语才可以有被动语态。不及语才可以有被动语态。不及物动词物动词, ,不及物动词短语或系动词没不及物动词短语或系动词没有被动语态。有被动语态。 如如：happen, go on, take place, belong to, sound, feel等。This room is belonged to me.This music is sounded sweet. belongs tobelongs tosounds2.2.有些动词常用主动形式表示有些

20、动词常用主动形式表示被动的意思，如：被动的意思，如：act, cook, keep, look, open, write, read, sell,wash等。Your article reads well.This type of car sells well in China.This hall measures 100 metres long and 60 metres wide.It is said that It is reported thatIt is hoped that It is well known that It is believed that It must be a

21、dmitted that It must be pointed out that 3. 3. 在一些固定句型中常用被动语态。在一些固定句型中常用被动语态。 如：如：被动语态与系表结构：被动语态与系表结构：被动语态表示动作，句子主被动语态表示动作，句子主语是该动作的承受者，过去语是该动作的承受者，过去分词表示动作；而系表结构分词表示动作；而系表结构表示状态，说明主语的特点表示状态，说明主语的特点或所处的状态。或所处的状态。The long novel was written by Mr. Luxun in the 1920s.被动语态被动语态 The long novel is well wri

22、tten, isnt it ?The glass was broken by his little son yesterday.Look, the glass is broken! Who broke it ?被动语态被动语态系表结构系表结构系表结构系表结构PRACTICE1. - Is Bob still performing ? - Im afraid not. He is said _ the stage already as he has become an official.A.to have left B. to leaveC. to have been left D. to be

23、 left 2. - Dont you think it necessary that he _ to Miami but to New York ? - I agree, but the problem is _ he has refused to.A.will not be sent; that B.not be sent;thatC.should not be sent;what D.should not send;what3. Millions of pounds worth of damage _ by a storm which swept across the north of

24、England last night.A.has been caused B.had been causedC.will be caused D.will have been caused4. Much attention should _ the rapid increase in the number of cars on the roads, which may_ traffic jams and more accidents.A.pay to;result in B.be paid;result fromC.be paid to;result in D.be paid;result from5. She is very shy and she is not used to _ in front of others.A.praise B. praisingC.being praised D.be praised6. What did the students think of