新译林8AUnit4Doityourself知识总结

1、8A Unit 4 Do it yourself.1 .词汇拓展1. instruct v.f instruction(n.)指示、说明2. decorate decoration")装饰3. usual adj. f unusual仅义词)4. possible adj. f impossible(反义词)5. finish v. f finished(adj.)完成的6. terrible adj. 一 terribly(adv.)2 .重点短语better (not) do sth.最好(不要)做某事2. a pair of scissors一把剪刀for代表，象征4. ins

2、tead of (doing) sth.代替(做)某事crazy about doing 对着迷 be crazy for sth 渴望某物be crazy for sb迷恋某人be crazy to do sth做某事是糊涂的in a brighter light装个亮点的灯a mistakea power cut with供电中断，停电犯错误 make few miatakes by mistake 错误地 用填充 be filled with=be full of 充满fill the room with water弄得房间到处是水only (A)but also (B).不仅而且;和都

3、(作主语谓语看 B)名词(不可数)建议 advise 动词建议advise sb. (not) to do 建议某人(不)做一advise doingadvise sb against doing反对做 to将增加到 add to增加 add up to总计example+J子例如 such as例语take an example 举例follow sb's example 学某人up收拾妥，整理好away放好；把收起来it secret保密 let out secretswrong弄错；犯错；(机器)出故障out剪出instructions清楚的说明give sb an instru

4、ction to do=instruct sb to doask for instructions 请示them first先读读它们problem.没问题。doing sth.喜欢做某事making something new 喜欢制作新东西some paper roses 做些名氏玫瑰brushes三把刷子his house装饰他的房子看起来糟糕另一次，还有一次张贴一张画敲裂了水管 把墙刷成蓝色 学DIY方面的课程 上课努力/尽力做某事terribletime up a picture the pipe the wall blue a course in DIY lessons to do

5、 sth.to do sth.失败做某事；未能做成某事(in) the exam考试不及格sb. how to make card嗷某人如何制作卡片ask/order sb. (not) to do sth诉/请求/命令某人(不)做某事 the other side of the cardfc 卡片的另面up (doing) sth.放弃(做)某事=stop doing sth.停止做某事to make a fruit salad如何做水果沙拉them together将它们混在一起mix up混淆for making a fruit salad做水果沙拉的提示 in season时令水果46

6、. make sure确保sure确信，相信it in the air for some time 将官留在空气中 一段时间sometime寻来的某时；some times 几次、 几倍；sometimes有时cleaning the house 停止打扫屋子stop sb from doing阻止某人做outdoor sports做户夕卜运动at home all day整天待在家里now = right away = at once 立亥U，马上 fun working together 一起干活儿很开心 the words wrong拼错单词the roses red将玫瑰着成红色it

7、on the cover将它粘在封面上 stick -stuck - stuckthings from old clothes用旧衣服做东西together a piece of furniture 组装一件家具doing完成某事more 再一次 at once 立亥1J、马上 once upon a time从前 s time for sth/to do able to do be unable to do63. be certain to do 肯定做a pumpkin lantern for her=make her a pumpkin lantern by herself a deci

8、sion to do decide to do三.重点句子does it stand for?他代表着什么？'d better get some tools.你最好弄些工具。's DIY exact?DIY确切的意思是什么？says, Do it yourself. "（say报纸黑板的显示的内容）上面写道：“自己动手做。” the living room has not only blue walls but also a blue ceiling and floor.现在客厅里不仅墙是蓝色的，连天花板和地板也是蓝的。books couldn't stay

9、on the shelf.书不能立在架子上。=No books could stay on it.没有书能立在上面。_end of the shelf was much higher tharthe other. 书架的端比另端高彳艮多。I know much more about DIY than my cousin对于 DIY 我现在比表哥知道得多。't touch the wet painplease.油漆未干，请勿触碰。shouldn ' t put so many books on the sheW应该放这么多书在架子上。had better not be late

10、for school.你最好不要迟至 U。fix the shelf for me.请替我固定这个架子。some of the larger fruit into small pieces将其中一些大些的水果切成小块。room is really untidy- things are all over the floor.你房间真不整洁-地板上至U处 是东西。decided to make her a birthday card by myself.我决定亲自为她制作一张生日贺卡。kept spelling the words wrong.我总是把单词拼错。planned to make a

11、card with some roses on it我计戈 U做张带有玫瑰的卡片。is the first card I made for Mum.这是我为妈妈做的第一张卡片。made some mistakes when I wrote the sentenceHappy Birthday, Mum”.当写 “妈 妈，生日快乐”这句话时，我犯了几个错误。.词句解析vt. 使处于某种状态 点拨 leave 用作使役动词，意为“使处于某种状态”，后常接分词、形容词、副词或介词作宾语补足语。The moving story left him unmoved.他对这个感人的故事无动于衷。Leave

12、the door open. 让门开着吧。This matter left her without a way of hope.这件事使她没有了丝毫的希望。 拓展 leave 可用作实义动词。用作及物动词，意为“留下，留给”；用作不及物动词，意为离开；出发”。其过去分词为left,意为剩下的，剩余的，没有用完 的”，修饰名词或不定代词时常常后置。leave还可用作名词，意为 沐假，假期” His mother left for Shanghai this morning.他的妈妈今天上午动身去了上海。I left my umbrella at home. 我把雨伞落在家里了。We are go

13、ing to have five days' leave.我们将有五天彳贸期。Do you have some pocket money left, Linda?琳达，你还有剩下的零花钱吗？couldn't stay there because one end of the shelf was much higher than the other!它们（书 ）无法摆在上面，因为架子的一端比另一端要高得多！ 点拨 much higher 意为 “高得多 ”。 much 可修饰形容词的比较级，more 不可以。Our city is much more beautiful than

14、 that one.我们的城市比那座城市美丽得多。 拓展 形容词比较级前常用一些名词、数词、 副词（如a bit, a little, much, far, a lot,lots, still, even 等 ）来修饰，使比较意义在语义上有所加强，在程度上更加确切、具体。Lily is a little taller than Lucy.莉莉比露西稍微高一点。His model plane is even better than yours.他的飞机模型甚至比你的更好。五 .语法祈使句讲解一、祈使句：用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句. 祈使句的作用是要求、请求或命令、劝告

15、、建议别人做或不做一件事。祈使句的句末一般用感叹号，但是有些祈使句的语气较弱，可以用句号结尾祈使句因对象（即主语）是第二人称，所以通常都省略。祈使句的动词都为一般现在时，例：Go and wash your hands.例如：保持肃静！ Be kind to our sister.Watch your steps. 表示禁止的句式有：不准、不要、别、No parking.二、表现形式 肯定结构 :1. Do 型 （即 :动词原形（+宾语）+其它成分）。如:Please have a seat here.有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下,动词可省略。如:This way, please. = Go

16、thisway, please. 。2. Be型(即:Be +表语(名词或形容词)+其它成分)。如:Be a good boy!要做一个好 孩子！3. Let型(即:Let +宾语+动词原形+其它成分)。如:Let me help you.让我来帮否定结构：1. Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加 don't构成，如：Don't forget me!Don't be late for school! 此句型的反义疑问句是 (Don't do，will you?) 2. Let型的否 定式有两种："Do! + let +宾语+动词原形+其它成分”和“Le

17、t +宾语+ not + 动词原形 +其它成分”。如:Don't let him go. / Let him not go.别让他走。3.有些可用no开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。如:No smoking! No fishing!禁 止钓鱼！用"let"的祈使句时，必须注意下列几点：1、"let”的否定句有二。如果宾语是第三人称用"Don't let.”(见例(9);如果宾语是第一人称，则用"Let.not"(见例(10):Don't let this type of things happen again.例

18、(9)It's raining now. Let's not go out until after the rain.例(10)2、"Let"只适用于现在时态，可以有被动语态(the passive voice)如：Let the recalcitrant criminals be sent to prison.Let all the dedicated capable staff be promoted.3、"Let"后头除了是不带"to"的不定式动词(The infinitive without"to&q

19、uot;)之外，还可 以是某些适当的副词，如 out, in, down, alone等：Let the puppy out.Open the windows and let the fresh air in.The room is too sunny. Let the blinds down.Let me alone, please.用"Let's”时，把谈话者的对象包括在内；用"Let us”时，并不包括对方，如： Let's try it, shall we?Let us do it by ourselves, will you?里的"sha

20、ll we”和(18)里的"will you",不难知道前者包括听话人，后者并没有。三.祈使句与并列连词and与or连用时可以表示条件。Work harder,and you will catch up with your classmates.情态动词 should ,had better的用法一.Should1表达职责或义务，提出劝告及一般人们认为应该去做的事，常用来谈论现在和 将来。用于否定句，多表示做了不应该做的事。Shouldn't适用于任何人称和数二.had betterbetter do 最好" had常缩写为' 的定式had bet

21、ter not do一般疑问句把had放在主语的前面。1)?You ' d better hurry up if you want to get home before dark.2)We' d better not disturb him.3) Had we better go now?我们最好现在走吗？ ？better适用于任何人称和数You' d better。with me.3 .变为一般疑问句时，如果是肯定句，就把had提前，放在句首；如果是否定句， 就把hadn'就前即可。Had you better go there at once?4 .含有had better的反义疑问句的简短问句部分中要用had或hadn'如：You had better give him the magazine,hadn you ? ' thad better 比 should 语气强即时自测had to stay at home inst