Unit3语法知识

1、一般疑问句、物主代词概念 简单的说，能用Yes 或No（相当于Yes 或No )回答的疑问句叫一般疑问句。 当然就目前来说，我们也可以说以Be动词+主语引导的句子叫一般疑问句。1.Is this your pencil ? Yes, it is. /No,it isnt.Its hers.2.Is that your dictionary? Yes, it is./No,it isnt.Its his.3.Are these your books ? Yes, they are. No,they arent.Theyre hers.4.Are those your keys? Yes, the

2、y are. No, they arent.Theyre mine. am ,is , are 引出的一般疑问句n 例如:Are you a boy/Helen?n Is she a teacher? n Is he a student/ jack?n Is a girl a student? Is this/that a book? Are these/those books?一般疑问句的答语要遵循下面几条规律：（1）要用Yes(肯定回答）或No( 否定回答）来回答。（2）Yes, 主语+be. No, 主语+be+not.(be和not可以缩写） 如：Is he a student? Ye

3、s, he is/No,he isnt. Are Li Mng and Wang Fang students? Yes, they are./No, they arent.（3）若一般疑问句的主语是第二人称，回答中的主 语改为第一人称。 如：Are you a student ? Yes, I am./No, Im not.(4) 一般疑问句朗读时要读声调，而答语要读降调。Are you Helen ?Yes,I am ./No, Im not.Is he Jack? Yes, he is./No, he isnt.Is the girl a student?Yes, she is./No,

4、she isnt.Are Lucy and Lily students?Yes, they are./No, they arent.肯定陈述句变否定陈述句、一般疑问句 1.This is a schoolbag.This isnt a schoolbag.Is this a schoolbag? Yes, it is./No, it isnt. 2.They are my grandparents.They arent my grandparents.Are they your grandparents? Yes, they are./No, they arent.3.He is my fat

5、her.He isnt my father.Is he your father? Yes, he isnt./No, he isnt.4.I am a teacher. Im not a teacher.Are you a teacher?否定：be动词后面加（not)一般疑问句：一调二变三问号。(一调：be动词到主语前，大写变小写。 二变：第一人称变第二人称，大写变小写。三问：句号变问号） 课堂练习： 1.This is an English dictionary. (变一般疑问句并作出回答） 2.This is an eraser. ( 变成否定句) 3.Are you Mary? (变成

6、肯定陈述句） 4.Thats (That is可以缩写) a set of keys. (变一般疑问句并作出答语） 5.He is a boy.(变否定句） 6.Its a dog.(变疑问句并作出回答）7.These are your parents. (变一般疑问句并作出肯定回答）8.Those are watches. (变成否定句)9.Is that your cat? (改为复数形式并作否定回答)10.He is my cousin. (变一般疑问句并作出肯定和否定回答)11.Its a dog. (变一般疑问句并作出否定回答）12.Mary is my friend.(变一般疑问句

7、)BeBe动词和其他词的缩写1.英语中be动词在某些名词、代词及少数副词后可用缩写形式。例如：I am= Im it is=its (用于否定回答) what is=whats my name is=my names is not=isnt are not=arent where is=wheres they are=theyre2.并非任何情况下都能缩写 (1)this is没有缩写，am not, those are, these are也没有缩写形式，只有that is=thats.(2)在一般疑问句的简略回答中，代词不能与am,is,are缩写。例如：Is that a bus？ Ye

8、s, it is.(这里it和is是不能缩写的) Are you a teacher？ Yes, I am(这里I和am是不能缩写的). 人称代词(分为主格和宾格) 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称主格(单数) I you he/she/it (复数) we you they宾格(单数) me you him/her/it (复数) us you them物主代词(分为形容词性和名词性物主代词)形容词性(单数) my your his/her/its (复数) our your their 名词性(单数) mine yours his/hers/its (复数) ours yours theirs

9、 形容词性物主代词起形容词的作用，用在名词前；名词性物主代词起名词的作用，不能再修饰名词。eg: That is his pen. Its not hers. （hers=her pen） 名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词 为避免重复，有时可用“名词性物主代词”来代替“形容词性物主代词+名词”的形式。eg:My bag is yellow, her bag is red, his bag is bule and your bag is pink. 为避免重复使用bag，可写成My bag is yellow, hers is red, his is bule and yours is p

10、ink.例如:1.The pen is Helens(Helen).2.Is the yellow ruler yours(you)？3.那些字典不是她的。 Those dictionaries are not hers.4.Is that her watch？ No, it isnt. Its hers.5.Those are my keys.(改为同义句) Those keys are mine.6.Is this jacket hers？ (改为同义句) Is this her jacket？7.Is this her map？ (改为同义句) Is this map hers？ 8.Are these keys hers(her)？本单元的重点短语：1.给 打电话 call at telephone number2.谢谢你的帮助 Thank you for your help.3.别客气 Youre welcome.4.劳驾，打扰一下 excuse me5.向某人要求某事 ask sb for sth6.给发电子邮件到邮箱 e-mail at .com