unit 2 How to get along with your Roommate

1、How to get along with your RoommateUnit twoText APre-reading QuestionvDo you think having a roommate has more advantages or disadvantages?v Do you think living with a roommate is a challenging experience?v Would you prefer to live by yourself or to share a dormitory?vWhy?Happen tov1.be the experienc

2、e of somebody 发生发生在在身上身上I believe that life is 10% what happens to me and 90% how I react to it.v2.have the( good or bad) fortune to (do sth) 碰巧碰巧 Do you happen to know where King Street is? instead & instead of 代替1) instead 副词 可放在句首,中,末Instead, they light their homes with oil lamps.2) instead o

3、f 介词+N or V-ingI will go to the library instead of staying in the dorm.vCommunication doesnt mean leaving your roommate a note when youre upset.v交流并不意味当你感到不安时给你室友留张便条.upsetvAdj. troubled, hurt emotionally 心烦心烦消化不良的胃消化不良的胃: an upset stomach心烦意乱的父母心烦意乱的父母: upset parentsvV. (cause sth to) become overtu

4、rned or spilt 打翻打翻,搅乱搅乱Sorry, I upset the milk all over the table.benefit1. N. profit, gain 利益 好处She received a benefit for her good work, a pay increase.2. V. gain 受益benefit+ sb/sth 幻灯片 9benefit+ from/by + sth 幻灯片 103. Phrase for ones own benefit in order to help sb 幻灯片 11vA week-long National Day

5、and the International Labor Day holiday benefits both people and the national economy. 我们应该把钱花在大家都能受益的地方vWe should spend money on something that will benefit everyone. BenefitvThough they failed in the experiment, they benefited from the experience. 到底是谁会从这些变革中直接受益?Who exactly stands to benefit from

6、 these changes? benefitvIt is for your own benefit that you get insurance.v买保险是为了你自身的利益.organize 组织V. plan or arrange something to happenvorganize + sthThey can pay a professional wedding planner to organize the wedding and party.vorganize + (sb/sth) + to VThe labor union organized all the workers t

7、o go on strike(罢工).N. organization 机构,团体;组织WHT= The World Health Organizationinclude: have as part of a whole 包括包含vinclude + sth/sb 幻灯片幻灯片 15vinclude + v-ing 幻灯片幻灯片 16vinclude + wh-clause 幻灯片幻灯片 17inclusive adj.包含的包含的,包括的包括的an inclusive survey 综合调查综合调查vThis include the cost of food and living at the

8、 school.v你应该在你文章里举一些例子You should include some examples in your essay. include: have as part of a whole 包括包含vThese methods include removing containers of water where mosquitoes could lay their eggs. include: have as part of a whole 包括包含vThese environmental influences include how people live and what

9、they eat, drink, breathe and smoke.treat v.1). 对待 act in a certain way towards sbThe boy was told to treat his parents with more respect.2). 款待 entertain at one owns expensetreat + sb/oneself + to + sthMy friend treated me to a birthday party.3). 治疗 give medical aid to treat & cureN. Treatment 待

10、遇,对待;处理, 治疗His treatment of the animal was cruel.幻灯片 18treat & curevtreat + sb + for + a diseaseThe doctor treated the boy for a rare(罕见的) skin disease.vcure + sb + of a diseaseThe doctor cured her of cancer. treat v. in return 作为回报be aware of have knowledge or realization of (sth or sb) be awar

11、e of + sthA news paper reporter must be aware of current events. be aware + that-clause“were you aware that you were speeding?” the police asked the driver.vannoy v. cause anger to 骚扰，使苦恼 annoy + sb be annoyed + to VHe was annoyed to learn that he would not be able to catch the train be annoyed + at

12、 + sthHe was annoyed at the way he was treated. be annoyed + with + sbI was annoyed with him by keeping me waiting.structurevIt is + adj + to do sth it 形式主语,多用于真正主语较长的情况It is essential to develop some house rules.和室友相处时,制定一些寝室的规章制度是有必要的It is not fun to live in a dirty one. make sure make sth without

13、 doubt make sure + of/about sthI will make sure of the arrival time of the plane. make sure + that-clauseI want to make sure (that) I get the right gift for her birthday.cause vcause V. make sth happen cause + sth + (to sb)The discovery did not cause much excitement (to him).cause + sb/sth + to VIt

14、could cause food prices to rise.cause and reasonvcause 用于表示具有明显因果关系,由环境,条件,事件或外力等引起的原因,后多接of.Heavy rain was the cause of the flood.vreason 通常含有 “理由”的意思,强调说明某种行为的动机, 后多接for.His reason for going back to school is to learn new things. be used to + N / V-ing 习惯于I may oversleep, because I am not used to

15、getting up so early. used to + V 惯常, 过去常常(做某事)I used to get up early in the morning when I was in high school.translation1.It is essential to get along well with your residence-hall roommate.2. Communication means speaking up and respecting other persons opinion.3. It seems to be a challenge to get

16、through three years of college life.4. Live by the agreement you made, and others will respect you in return.5. Our teacher looks sad today, but no one is aware of what has happened to him.6. Keep in mind that if you have problems with your friends, you should talk them through. 一般过去时的用法 1）在确定的过去时间里

17、所发生的动作或存在的状态。 时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。 Where did you go just now?2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。 When I was a child, I often played football in the street. 3)在主句是过去时态的时间状语从句和条件状语从句中表将来.John said he would come to pick me up if he had time.4) wish, wonder, think, hope

18、 等用过去时，作试探性的询问、请求、建议等。I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些。规则动词的过去式.在动词后加-ed或-d worked stayed wanted lived.“辅音字母 y”结尾的动词先将 y 变为 I ，再加 -ed。如: studied, tried.重读闭音节或r音节结尾而末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，先双写辅音字母再加 -ed（以x结尾的词除外），如： stopstopped plan-plannedv注意： 用过去时表示现在，表示委婉语气。1）动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。Did

19、 you want anything else?I wondered if you could help me.2）情态动词 could, would.Could you lend me your bike? would rather + did现在完成时v1.构成 现在完成时是由助动词 have (has)+动词的过去分词构成。助动词说明该谓语是属于现在时范围。它和主语的人称、数要保持一致。过去分词是主要的谓语动词，说明句子的意义。 2.用法 （1）表示动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间，但对现在留下了某种影响和结果。常被just、already、yet 等副词修饰。如： -Have you h

20、ad lunch yet? -Yes, I have. Ive just had it. 你（已经）吃午饭了吗？ 我刚刚吃过。（现在我不饿了 ）（2）表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。这个动作可能刚停止，可能仍然在进行。常带有for和since等表示一段时间的状语.如: He has taught here since 1981 他自1981年就在这儿教书。（可能还要继续教） I havent seen her for four years. 我有四年没见到她了。 （3）表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作，现在成为一种经验，一般译为汉语“过”，常带有twice, ever, ne

21、ver, three times等时间状语。 如： I have been to Beijing twice.我去过北京二次。 一般过去时与现在完成时一般过去时与现在完成时的区别的区别 1）过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。 2）过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。 v现在完成时不能和明确表示过去的时间连现在完成时不能和明确表示过去的时间连用，如：用，如： yesterday昨天，last year去年，two years ago两年之前，in 1999在一

22、九九九年， just now刚才等。现在完成时的时间状语现在完成时的时间状语v和现在完成时连用的时间状语都和现在密切相关，这类时间状语常见的有 1.表示一段时间的状语表示一段时间的状语 for达.之久，since自从.以来，in the last few years在最近几年来 2.表示不确定的时间副词表示不确定的时间副词 just刚刚，before以前，recently最近3.表示不确定的时间副词 already已经，yet已经（用于否定,疑问句），never从不，ever曾经，not.yet尚未 4.包含现在的时间状语 today今天，this week这个星期，this year今年，n

23、ow现在，so far至今为止。 如：Now I have finished the work. Have you seen Tom today?gracious mannersUnit 2Etiquette (礼节礼节) and Manners in the United States Behavior Teaching TipsListeningPracticeText StudyFun TimeWork BookUnit 2 Business conversations may take place during meals. However, many times you will f

24、ind more social conversation taking place during the actual meal. Business meetings may be arranged as breakfast meetings, luncheon meetings, or dinner meetings depending on time schedules and necessity. Generally a dinner, even though for business purposes, is treated as a social meal and a time to

25、 build rapport (和谐和谐, , 亲善亲善). ListeningPracticeText StudyFun TimeWork BookUnit 2 Gift giving is discouraged or l i m i t e d b y m a n y U S companies. A gracious written note is always appropriate and acceptable. If you do give a gift, it should not appear to be a bribe (贿赂贿赂). An invitation for a

26、 meal or a modest gift is usually acceptable. ListeningPracticeText StudyFun TimeWork BookUnit 2ListeningPracticeText StudyFun TimeWork Book If you are someplace with a line or queue, go to the end and wait your turn. Do not use or chew on a toothpick in public. Many public places and private homes

27、do not allow smoking. In some areas laws have been passed to prevent smoking in public places. Etiquette and Manners in China Behavior Do not use large hand movements. The Chinese do not speak with their hands. Your movements may be distracting to your host. Personal contact must be avoided at all c

28、ost. It is highly inappropriate for a man to touch a woman in public. Do not point when speaking. To point do not use your index finger (食指食指), use an open palm (手掌手掌). It is considered improper to put your hand in your mouth. Avoid acts that involve the mouth. Gift giving is a very delicate issue i

29、n China It is illegal to give gifts to a government official; however, it has become more commonplace in the business world. It is more acceptable to give gifts either in private or to a group as a whole to avoid embarrassment. The most acceptable gift is a banquet. Quality writing pens as considere

30、d favored gifts. The following gifts are associated with death and should not be given: clocks, straw sandals, handkerchiefs. Always arrive on time or early if you are the guest. Do not discuss business at meals. Do not start to eat or drink prior to the host. As a cultural courtesy, you should tast

31、e all the dishes you are offered. Sample meals only, there may be several courses. Never place your chopsticks straight up in your bowl. By placing your sticks upright in your bowl, you will remind your host of joss (神像神像, ,佛像佛像) sticks which connotes death. Do not drop the chopsticks, as it is cons

32、idered bad luck. Do not eat all of your meal. If you eat all of your meal, the Chinese will assume you did not receive enough food and are still hungry. Women do not usually drink at meals. Unit 2 Being on time is vital in China. Appointments are a must for business. Contacts should be made prior to

33、 your trip. Bring several copies of all written documents for your meetings. The decision making process is slow. You should not expect to conclude your business swiftly. Many Chinese will want to consult with the stars or wait for a lucky day before they make a decision. Present and receive cards w

34、ith both hands. Never write on a business card or put it in your wallet or pocket. Carry a small card case. The most important member of your company or group should lead important meetings. Chinese value rank and status. ListeningPracticeText StudyFun TimeWork BookTake the long-lost art of saying t

35、hank you.take = takeas an example 例如人们早已丢失了例如人们早已丢失了说说“谢谢你谢谢你”的礼节。的礼节。vLike wearing a little lipstick or making sure your hair is neat, getting into the habit of saying thank you can make you feel better about yourself, and then you look better to everyone around you.就像涂唇膏梳理头发一样，养成说就像涂唇膏梳理头发一样，养成说“谢

36、谢你谢谢你”的习惯，的习惯，你会拥有更好的自我感觉，周围的人也会对你有更你会拥有更好的自我感觉，周围的人也会对你有更好的感觉。好的感觉。v主语主语: 动词词组动词词组getting into the habit of saying thank you。vlike 和和 as 都有都有 “像像”, “如同如同” 的意思。但的意思。但是这两个词的词性不一样，因此用法也不一是这两个词的词性不一样，因此用法也不一样。样。like是介词，后面跟名词或动名词；是介词，后面跟名词或动名词；as是是连接词，后面跟从句。例如连接词，后面跟从句。例如：v1) I have always wanted a bike

37、 like yours.v2) Why didnt you take the subway as I told you?get /fall into the habit of acquire the habit of doing somethingvHe fell into the habit of smoking when he was in high school.vHe got into the habit of taking a walk after supper.v【反义词【反义词】break the habit of vThe doctor asked him to break t

38、he habit of smoking. 使役动词使役动词make + somebody + 不带不带to的不定式的不定式v1) He made me stay for tea. v2) John made the little girl tell him everything. v当使役动词为被动态时，不带当使役动词为被动态时，不带to的不定式转的不定式转为带为带to的不定式。的不定式。 例如例如：The little girl was made to tell John everything. uglyv1. adj. unpleasant to look at or to hear 丑陋

39、的丑陋的, 难难看的看的, 难听的难听的,vThey say that too many high buildings make a city look ugly.van ugly man 丑陋的人丑陋的人vugly furniture 难看的家具难看的家具v2. adj. offensive or hostile 令人讨厌的或有敌意的令人讨厌的或有敌意的van ugly remark 令人讨厌的评论令人讨厌的评论van ugly rumor 恶意的谣传恶意的谣传wonderv1. n. feeling of surprise mixed with admiration, bewilderme

40、nt or disbelief 奇迹奇迹, 惊奇惊奇, 惊愕惊愕vShe gazed with wonder at the beautiful night sky.【短语【短语】do /work wondershave good effect 创造创造奇迹奇迹The people really did wonder in building the railway into the Tibet.v2. v. feel great surprise or admiration 对对.感到感到惊讶惊讶, 惊奇惊奇vThe mysterious motion of Mars has caused so

41、 many people to wonder. v wonder + at + somethingvMany people wonder at the beauty of nature around them.v3. v. express an interest in knowing 对对.感到疑惑，感到疑惑，想知道想知道v wonder + clausevYou may wonder how anything can live in this extreme environment of a desert.receive1. V get, accept or take 收到,接到 recei

42、ve + sthValentines day is a special time for love. Millions of people will receive flowers, chocolate or some other gift.2. V. allow someone to enter as guest 接待 receive + sbShe stood by the gate of the restaurant to receive her guestsVN reception 接待; 招待会;接收Cable TV gives good reception.receive &

43、; acceptv receive 表示接受所给予或送交的东西,是被动行为.v accept 表示乐意接受所给予提供的东西,是主动行为.vShe has received his present, but she will not accept it.attendv1. v. be present at 出席出席, 参加参加 vattend + somethingvThey attend classes in the evening or on weekends designed especially for working people.v2. v. take care of 照顾照顾, 护

44、理护理vWhich doctor is attending you?v【词缀【词缀】v1) attendance n. 出席出席, 出席的人数出席的人数, 伺候伺候, v2) attendantn. 服务员服务员be in moodv1. be in state of ones feelings or mind at a particular time 心情心情, 情绪情绪vHe is often in a bad mood on Monday.v2. be in the mood + to Vfeel like doing something 有做某事的心思或兴致有做某事的心思或兴致vHel

45、en seems to be in no mood to tell her daughter a bed-time story today. giftv1. N. thing given willing without payment, present 礼物v2. natural talent or ability 天赋vHe is a man of many gifts.v短语: have a gift for sth/V-ing sthvShe has a gift for music.value 1. have a high opinion of something or somebod

46、y value + sb/sth + ( as + sth)Do you still value me as a friend? 2. estimate the money value of sth value + sth + (at sth)Some experts value the first Japanese telephone card at about 28, 000 pounds. for sbs sake /for the sake of somebody/something v in order to help somebody 为了为了.的缘故的缘故vPlease fast

47、en your seatbelt for the sake of your safety. vI hope you are studying not just for your parents sake. vThats where it counts the most because those are the people we love the most.v这是最至关重要的，因为家人是我们的最爱。这是最至关重要的，因为家人是我们的最爱。v本句有三个从句本句有三个从句:vwhere引导的主语补语从句引导的主语补语从句vbecause引导的状语从句引导的状语从句v省略了省略了who的定语从句的

48、定语从句 takefor grantedvtake +something/somebody + for grantedvShe often tells her students not to take things for granted.v take it for granted + that-clausevHe speaks English so well that I took it for granted that he was a native speaker. vI took it for granted that you will go with us to the party.

49、 Section AA. OK. B. Yes, I am. C. All right. D. I have no idea. John, will you be free tomorrow? 1)Mary, may I ask you a favour? A. Fine, but why?B. Sure, what is it?C. Yes, never mind.D. Thank you for your help.How beautiful your skirt is! A. Its expensive. B. I dont think so. C. You are welcome. D

50、. Thank you. 2)3)Wont you let me pay for it?A. No, I wont hear of it. B. No, Im sorry.C. Yes, I will pay for it. D. Yes, how much is it? Is that a new mobile phone you have?A. Thats a nice one. B. I like it very much. C. It is the same with yoursD. Why yes. I just bought it. 4)5)Section B M: Would y

51、ou like to join me at the restaurant for dinner? W: I would love to but I need to get some money at the bank. Q: Where is the woman going now?A. School. B. the bank.C. Home.D. the restaurant.6) M: Well, I wonder why the office is still not open. W: But its not yet eight. In fact, its only a quarter

52、to eight. Q: At what time does the office open?A. At 7:45.B. At 8:00.C. At 8:15.D. At 8:30. W: Would you like to have some beer? M: No, thanks. Im driving. Q: What does the man mean?A. He likes beer. B. He enjoys driving.C. He will give the woman a ride.D. He shouldnt drink beer now.7)8) W: The blue T-shirts sell for $4.50 and the yellow ones for $3.50. M: Ill take the cheaper one then. Q: What kind T- shirt will the man buy?A. The blue T-shirt.B. The yellow T-shirt