必修二unit3词汇

1、Words and expressions in Unit31.calculate vt.计算计算 (to find out how much sth. will cost, how long sth. will take etc, by using numbers )Eg: 1). The scientist could not calculate when the spaceship would reach the moon. 2). Have you calculated what a holiday in France would cost?归纳：归纳： be calculated t

2、o （do sth） 目的是，打算 calculate on 盼望，指望 扩展: calculator n 计算器计算器 ; calculation n 计算计算 2. universal adj.普遍的；通用的；宇宙的普遍的；通用的；宇宙的(wider spread ; concerning or shared by all members of a group )Eg: Education should be made universal and educational standards should be raised. 扩展 : universe n. 宇宙宇宙 universall

3、y adv.普遍地普遍地归纳归纳: universal issue / universal machine It is universally recognized that 大家认为大家认为3. simplify vt. 简化简化( to make less complicated, clearer, or easier )Eg: Try to simplify your explanation for the children. 扩展: simple adj.简单的简单的 simply adv.归纳归纳: simplify difficult sums4. sum sm n. 总数；算术题

4、；金额vi. 概括vt. ；合计Eg: (1) He was fined the sum of 200. 他被处以200英镑罚金。(2) The sum of 2 and 3 is 5. 2加3的和是5。归纳：归纳：in sum 简言之；总而言之简言之；总而言之 sum sb./sth. up形成对某人形成对某人(某事物某事物)的看法的看法 小练：中译英(1) 总之，计划告吹了。_, the plan failed (2) 我认为他是一个很能干的经理。_ as a competent manager. In sumI summed his up5.operator n. (机器、设备等的)操作

5、员 电话接线员Eg: Operator, I want to make a long distance call.扩展: operate v运转; 操作；手术 operation n 操作，运算， 手术Eg: She is afraid of operating the machine. 归纳：归纳：operate on: 对对动手术动手术 6.logical /ldikl/ adj. 逻辑的，附和常理的 (seem natural ; reasonable)Eg: 1). It is logical that the book is expensive. 2). Youd better or

6、ganize your work logically. 归纳归纳: It is logical that 很自然的事 扩展扩展: logically adv. 7.technology : n. 科技(总称); 工艺; 应用科学;工业技术 science and technology科学和技术 agricultural technology 农艺, 农业技术扩展: technological adj. technical adj. 学术的; 技术性的; 专门的8.artificial adj. made by humans, esp. as a copy of sth natural人造的,

7、人工的, 假 Eg: artificial flowers artificial rain artificial intelligence （人工智能）9. solve vt find the solution to (a problem or question) or understand the meaning of 解答，解决Eg: He finally solved the difficulty of transportation I believe in your ability to solve the problem.扩展: solution to n 1) 解答，解决 2)溶液

8、 溶解 归纳归纳: solve the problem solve a mystery solve a puzzle the solution to the problem12. personal adj. This novel is written from personal experience. Those are my personal letters. you have no right to read them The host gives us a warm personal welcome.归纳：归纳：personal adj. personally adv. Personal

9、ly, I am against his plan. The host welcomed his guests personally. 归纳：归纳：personally 个人的个人的私人的私人的亲自的亲自的就个人而言就个人而言亲自地亲自地13. as a result It doesnt often rain in summer. As a result, we have to water the garden. As a result of the accident, he became lame(跛). 归纳归纳：as a result意思是 ，只能单独用； as a result of=

10、 , 意思是 。即学活用即学活用A.用as a result或as a result of 填空。3)He was ill. _， he didnt go to school.他生病了。因此，他没去上学。他生病了。因此，他没去上学。(4)_ his illness, he didnt go to school.由于生病，他没去上学。由于生病，他没去上学。As a result of his illness 结果because of因为，由于As a result 14.total /tutl/ adj. n v 总计的; 全部的; 总数; 总数达Eg: A total of twenty pe

11、ople were killed.扩展: totally adv. 完全地；整个地完全地；整个地归纳归纳: in total 总计 a total of 总数；总共总数；总共 total up add up算出总数算出总数 total (up) toadd up to总额为总额为 即学即练即学即练1What is _ these books？ 这些书的全部费用是多少？这些书的全部费用是多少？It cost me _ of 500 yuan._， it cost me 500 yuan.The cost _ 500 yuan.这些书总共花了我这些书总共花了我500元。元。the total co

12、st ofa total ofIn totaltotalled up to15. .application n. 用途; 申请, 申请表, 申请扩展: apply v 归纳归纳: apply to sb for sth 为为向向申请申请 Eg: Its said that some students can apply to school for educational loan.16.finance /fainns/ n. 财经, 金融 financial adj Eg: 1) Shanghai is one of the most important an international fi

13、nancial centres.2) Financial crimes should be punished severely. 16. explore v to travel into or through (a place ) for the purpose of discovery 探索探索; 探探测测; 研究（仔细检查某一主题或问题）研究（仔细检查某一主题或问题）Eg: 1) As soon as they arrived in the town they went out to explore. 2) We must explore all the possibilities.扩展扩

14、展: exploration n. 17. anyhow adv. The door wont open anyhow. Anyhow, it is worth trying.归纳归纳:anyhow = anyway意思是意思是 结果，一些学生在考试中失败。不管怎样，他们结果，一些学生在考试中失败。不管怎样，他们 没有灰心（放弃）没有灰心（放弃）。（译）。（译）无论如何不管怎样As a result, some students failed in the exam. Anyhow, they didnt lose heart/give up.运用运用18. goal ul n. 目标；目的；

15、球门；（进球）得分1) He headed the ball into an open goal. 他乘虚把球顶入球门。他乘虚把球顶入球门。(2) Brazil beat France by two goals to one. （巴西队以（巴西队以21赢赢了法国队）了法国队）归纳：归纳：score/kick a goal 得(踢进一球得)一分 keep goal守球门 achieve/realize ones goal实现目标小练：小练：中译英(1) 她已经实现了她的目标。(2) 我的人生目标是帮助他人。She has achieved her goal.My goal in life is

16、to help others.上节词汇复习：上节词汇复习：1.calculate - calculator - calculation-calculate on2.universal issue / universal machine / It is universally recognized that 3. simplify difficult sums 4. sum/ a sum of/ in sum5. operate/ operate on 6.It is logical that 7.science and technology科学和技术科学和技术 agricultural tec

17、hnology 农艺农艺, 农业技术农业技术8.artificial flowers /artificial rain /artificial intelligence 9.solve the problem /solve a mystery /solve a puzzle/ the solution to the problem 10. personal 一词多义一词多义 11.as a result; as a result of; result from.; result in 12. in total/totally/ a total of 13.apply to sb for sth

18、 14. financial center/crime 15.anyhow/anyway 16.score/kick a goal 得得(踢进一球得踢进一球得)一分一分 keep goal守球门守球门 achieve/realize ones goal实现目标实现目标17. explore/exploration19. signal vi. & vt. 发信号发信号 n信号信号a danger/warning/distress signal危险危险/警告警告/遇难信号遇难信号traffic signals交通信号灯交通信号灯 a stop signal停车信号停车信号归纳：归纳： si

19、gnal (to) sb. to do sth.示意某人做某事示意某人做某事 signal to sb.向某人示意向某人示意 signal (sb.) that.示意示意即学即练即学即练 (1) All I get is _ whenever I dial his number.我什么时候拨他的电话听到的都是忙音。我什么时候拨他的电话听到的都是忙音。(2)He _ for the bill.他示意服务员结帐。他示意服务员结帐。(3)She _ follow her.她示意他跟她走。她示意他跟她走。a busy signalsignalled the waitersignalled him to

20、1. symbol/sign/signal/mark均含均含“标志，象征，符号标志，象征，符号”之意。之意。(1)symbol指作指作象征象征或表达某种深邃意蕴的特殊事物。或表达某种深邃意蕴的特殊事物。(2)sign普通用词，指人们普通用词，指人们公认的事物的记号公认的事物的记号，也可指某种情况，也可指某种情况的的征兆征兆。(3)signal指指为某一目的而有意发出的信号为某一目的而有意发出的信号。(4)mark普通用词，含义广泛。既可指为便于普通用词，含义广泛。既可指为便于辨认而有意做的标辨认而有意做的标记记，又可指自然形成的标记或有别于其他事物的特征。，又可指自然形成的标记或有别于其他事物

21、的特征。 应用应用1(1)Red cross is a _ for hospital.(2)A red light is usually a _ of danger.(3)Make a _ where you dont understand.(4)Are dark clouds a _ of rain?(5)A dove(鸽子鸽子) is a _ for peace.signsignalmarksignsymble20. type: (1)She mixes with _ people. 她和各种类型的人打交道。她和各种类型的人打交道。(2)How fast can you _？你打字有多快？

22、你打字有多快？(3)This letter needs _ again.这封信需要再打一遍。这封信需要再打一遍。all types oftypeto be typed观察探究观察探究 In a way, I like this new book very much. In some way, what you did is wrong.归纳归纳 in a way=in some way, 意思是联想联想on the /ones way to by the way in this way in the way 在某种程度上在某种程度上在去在去的路上的路上顺便问一下顺便问一下用这种方法用这种方法2

23、1. in a way挡路；挡道挡路；挡道 22. arise vi.（arose, arisen）出现；发生(1) A new difficulty has arisen. 出现了新的困难。(2) Accidents arise from carelessness. 疏忽大意往往会引起事故的发生。归纳：arise from / out of由由引起；由引起；由产生产生小练：根据中文意思完成句子。小练：根据中文意思完成句子。(1)他的病是缺乏休息引起的他的病是缺乏休息引起的。 His illness arose from lack of rest . 即学即练即学即练5(1)I thought

24、 it would be easy, but a lot of problems have _.我本来想事情会很容易，但是出现了许多问题。我本来想事情会很容易，但是出现了许多问题。(2) Accidents _carelessness.事故由粗心大意引起。事故由粗心大意引起。(3)A heavy mist _ the lake.湖面起了浓湖面起了浓雾。雾。(4)He _ his seat.他从座位上站起来。他从座位上站起来。arisenarise fromarose fromarose from arise/arouse/rise/raise(1)arise 是不及物动词，是不及物动词，指指“

25、出现，发生，产生出现，发生，产生”。(2)arouse 是及物动词，指是及物动词，指“唤醒，激起唤醒，激起”，后常跟抽象名词。，后常跟抽象名词。(3)rise是不及物动词，使用范围较广，指是不及物动词，使用范围较广，指“升起，上升，增长升起，上升，增长”，也可指也可指“起立，起床，地位升高起立，起床，地位升高”等。等。(4)raise 是及物动词，用在句中，是及物动词，用在句中，后面需跟宾语后面需跟宾语。一般指一般指“升起，升起，举起，增加举起，增加(程度、价格等程度、价格等)；提高；提高(音量音量)；提出；种植；提出；种植(农作农作物物)；养育；抚育；养育；抚育(子女子女)”。原形原形过去式

26、过去式过去分词过去分词v.ingarise(vi.)arosearisenarisingarouse(vt.)arousedarousedarousingrise(vi.)roserisenrisingraise(vt.)raisedraisedraising 应用应用2(1)The river is _ after the rain.(2)He _ his hand in the hope of being asked.(3)His strange behaviour _ our suspicions.(4)New problems _ every day.risingraisedarous

27、edarisearouse peoples awareness of protection23. with the help of观察探究观察探究 With the help of my teacher, I have caught up with others. With his help, I passed the exam.归纳归纳 ： with the help of sb./sth. (with ones help) 意思是运用运用在在的帮助下的帮助下借助于，借助于，请用请用with the help of表述图片内表述图片内容容With the help of my teacher

28、, I got the second prize in the competition.1. They are twins but have quite different characters. 2. Who is the main character in the play? 3. He writes beautiful characters. Chinese characters4. I like the buildings which are very simple in character.性格性格角色；人物角色；人物汉字汉字文字；字体文字；字体造型；特点；特征造型；特点；特征25.

29、deal with观察探究观察探究 How did you deal with the water pollution of this area? Such people are difficult to deal with. This book deals with West Africa.归纳：归纳： deal with为动介词组，相当于及物动词，后接宾语。意思是 提示提示 ：在特殊疑问句中deal with常和how连用，而do with 常和what连用，因因为what作动词do的宾语。处理处理对付对付涉及涉及 Can you tell me to deal with it ? hav

30、e you done with my bike ? I dont know what to all the food left. How do you a car accident after it happens ？ 借助于电脑，你会发现处理信息是不难的。（译）运用运用howWhatdo withdeal withWith the help of the computer, you will find it not difficult to deal with information.26. watch over 看守；监视；照看看守；监视；照看 Could you watch over m

31、y clothes while Im having a swim? 我游泳时你看着我的衣物好吗我游泳时你看着我的衣物好吗? She felt that God was watching over her. 她感觉到上帝保佑着她感觉到上帝保佑着扩展扩展: watch out (for) _ keep watch _ on/off watch _ be under close watch _留神；提防；注意留神；提防；注意值班；严密看守值班；严密看守被严密监视被严密监视在在/不在值班不在值班1.watch out: be careful because of possible danger or

32、troubleEg: watch out! There is a car coming.2. watch out for sb /sth : look carefully and be ready for sthEg: Watch out for snakes while walking through the fields.3. watch over: look after or protect sb /sthEg: For two weeks, she watched over the sick child. 4. watch your step: be careful about whe

33、re you are walking.Eg: The path is slippery here so watch your step. spoil: spoiled; spoiled; spoilt; spoilt1. Our camping trip was spoilt by bad weather.2. Dont let him spoil your evening.3. The tall buildings have spoilt the view.4. She spoils those kids of hers.5. Jack is a spoiled kid, which made us mad.破坏；损坏破坏；损坏溺爱；宠坏；娇惯溺爱；宠坏；娇惯. Consolidation1. 完成句子完成句子It rained heavily for three days. (结果), many buildings were destroyed. (在的帮助下) his friends, he finally solved the problem. He was (如此生气以致于) he left the room without saying a word. (在某