英语：5-1_Great_Scientists复习课件_(新人教版必修5)

1、 (2009年四川卷) 假设你是李华。你的外国笔友Jane打算于七月来中国，特来信了解中国人的社交习俗。 请你用英语回一封信，从以下几个方面作具体介绍。 1.见面时的问候方式； 2.对赞美的回答方式； 3.接收礼物时的回应方式； 4.餐宴礼节。 注意：1.词数100左右，信的开头和结束语已为你写好 (不计入总词数)； 2.可根据内容要点适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 Dear Jane， Glad to hear from you and youre welcome to China in July._ I hope whats mentioned above might be helpful a

2、nd wish you a good journey. Yours sincerely， Li Hua Dear Jane， Glad to hear from you and youre welcome to China in July.The following are some Chinese customs. Firstly，we greet each other by saying “Hello” or asking such questions as “Where are you going？” or “Are you busy？” to express our care.Seco

3、ndly，when praised，we reply with “Oh，no！” or “Im overpraised” to show good manners.Next，when receiving a gift，we usually say “Its unnecessary” besides “Thanks” to show politeness and then put it away.Finally，at dinner parties，we talk loudly and touch glasses when drinking to someones health or succes

4、s to show that were warm. Anyhow，different cultures，different customs.If you “Do as the Romans do when in Rome”，youll enjoy more of your stay here. I hope whats mentioned above might be helpful and wish you a good journey. Yours sincerely， Li Hua .重要单词聚焦 1adj.科学的 2 vt.& vi. 结束；推断出 3 n. 结束；结论 4 vt. 分

5、析 5 vt. 打败；战胜；使受挫 n. 失败scientificconcludeconclusionanalysedefeat 6 adj. 熟练的；经验或知识丰富的 n. 专家；行家 7 vt. 照顾；护理；出席；参加 8n. 医生；内科医师 9 vt. 暴露；揭露；使曝光 10n. 治愈；痊愈 11 n. & vt. 挑战，向挑战 12 vt. 吸收；吸引；使专心 13 vt. 怀疑 n. 被怀疑者expertattendphysicianexposecurechallengeabsorbsuspect 14 vt. 预见；预知 15 vt. 责备；谴责 n. 过失；责备 16 vt.

6、污染；弄脏 17 n. 柄；把手 vt. 处理；操纵 18 vt.& n. 连接；联系 19 vt. 宣布；通告 20vt. 命令；指示；教导 21n. 建设；建筑物foreseeblamepollutehandlelinkannounceinstructconstruction 22 vt.& vi. 捐献；贡献；捐助 23 adj. 积极的；肯定的；确实的 24 adj. 热情的；热心的 25 adj. 小心的；谨慎的 26 vt. 拒绝，不接受；抛弃contributepositiveenthusiasticcautiousreject .重点短语扫描 1put 提出 2.to 使显露；

7、暴露 3apart 除之外；此外 4make 讲得通；有意义 5draw a 得出结论 6link. 将和联系或连接起来 7be with. 对严格的 8make for 为腾地方 9be to 应受谴责，应负责任forwardexposefromsenseconclusiontostrictroomblame 10be 违背，反对 11point of 态度，观点，看法 12slow 减速 13lead 通向，导致 14look 调查againstviewdowntointo .课文原句突破 1Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. 信息

8、提取neither.nor.既不，也不，连接句中两个相同成分。 例句仿写我既不想知道，也不关心。 Neither do I want to know it，_ _ _ _ _ _. 【答案】nor do I care about it 2So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. 信息提取every (each，any，next，first，last)time作连词使用，引导时间状语从句。 例句仿写杰克每次来城里都会来看望我。 Jack _ _ _ _ _ _ _he comes to

9、 town. 【答案】will drop in on me every time 3The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air. 信息提取suggest vt.暗示，表明了。 例句仿写他脸上的表情说明他非常高兴。 The look on his face _ _ _ _. 【答案】suggested that he was happy 4Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense. 信息提取o

10、nly介词短语/状语从句/副词放在句首时后面 (主)句用倒装语序。 例句仿写我只有找到工作才能弄到足够的钱继续大学的学业。 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _to continue my studies at college. 【答案】Only if I get a job can I have enough money conclude vt.& vi. (1)断定，推断 These are facts；what do you conclude from them? 这些都是事实，你能从中得出什么结论？ After waiting for half an hour，I conclud

11、ed that he wouldnt come at all.等了半个小时后，我断定他不会来了。 (2)使结束，终止 Let me conclude my speech with a saying：Where there is a will，there is a way. 让我用一句谚语结束我的演讲：有志者，事竟成。 conclusion n结束，结论 in conclusion最后，总之 arrive at/come to/draw/reach a conclusion得出结论 come to the conclusion that.所得结论是 I came to the conclusio

12、n that he was lying. 我看他是在说谎。 1Ann seems to be upset.Whats up? She_from the voice on the line that her mother is not satisfied with her test scores. AincludesBconcludes Csuggests Dcontains 【解析】下句意为：她根据电话中的声音判定母亲对她的考试成绩不满意。 【答案】B defeat (1)vt.打败；战胜；使受挫 Zhang Yining defeated Li Jiawei with difficulty

13、in the 29th Olympics.张怡宁在第29届奥运会上艰难地战胜了李佳薇。 The problem has defeated me and I cant solve it. 这个问题把我难住了，我无法解决它。 Lack of money defeated my plan.缺钱使我的计划落空。 (2)n.失败，击败，挫折 Our baseball team has suffered another defeat. 我们的棒球队再次失败。 辨析：win，beat与defeat (1)win的意思是“赢”“获胜”“得到成功”，在作为及物动词时，它的宾语往往是奖品、奖学金、名誉、财产、战争

14、或运动等。win后不能接人 (对手)，如不说win sb.。 win the race/the battle/the war/a prize/the game/a medal/success/friendship/reward 赢得了比赛/战斗/战争/奖品/比赛/奖牌/成功/友谊/奖赏 Our team won the game by 8 to 7. 我们队以8比7赢了那场比赛。 (2)beat译成汉语也有“赢”“取胜”“战胜”之意。但跟win的用法不同，这个动词后面跟的是比赛、竞争中的对手或战争中的敌人。但beat还有连续敲打， (心脏)跳动之意。 You beat me in the ra

15、ce，but Ill beat you at tennis. 赛跑我输给了你，但打网球我会赢你。 He was so nervous that he could feel his heart beating faster. 他如此紧张，以至于能感到自己的心跳加快了。 (3)defeat本来用于描述战争中打败敌人，现在可与beat换用，以表示击败对手。 He was badly defeated/beaten in the election. 他在选举中惨败。 2Deng Yaping_her competitor and got the first place in the game. Awo

16、n Bdefeat Cbeat Dhit 【解析】“击败对手”可用beat或defeat，但由got可知，空白处应用过去时，若选B，则应为defeated。 【答案】C expose vt.暴露，揭露，使曝光，使面临 expose sth./sb./oneself (to) 显露或暴露某事物/某人/某人自己 Dont expose your baby to the sun. 不要把你的婴儿暴露在阳光下。 The film has been exposed.这胶卷已经曝光了。 We want to expose the kids to as much art and culture as pos

17、sible.我们想让孩子们受到尽可能多的艺术和文化的熏陶。 Dont expose yourself to the sun for too long.You will get burnt. 别在太阳下晒得太久，你会被晒伤的。 3_the sun for too much time will do great harm to your skin. AExposed to BBeing exposed to CExposing to DTo expose to 【解析】该句意为：“在阳光下暴晒很长时间有害于皮肤。”此题考查分词短语作主语。 【答案】B blame (1)vt.责备；谴责；把归咎于

18、She blamed him for the failure of their marriage. 她把婚姻的触礁归咎于他。 The police blamed the traffic accident on Jacks careless driving.警察把那起交通事故归咎于杰克的粗心驾驶。 Who is to blame for the accident? 谁该为这次事故负责任。 The driver was not to blame for the traffic accident. 这位司机不应承担交通事故。 (2)n.责备，责难 You must bear the blame fo

19、r the accident. 你必须承担这次事故的责任。 4. (2006年安徽卷)Mr Green stood up in defence of the 16yearold boy，saying that he was not the one _. Ablamed Bblaming Cto blame Dto be blamed 【解析】he was not the one to blame意为“他不是那个应该受责备的人”。 【答案】C 5(2006年福建卷)_for the breakdown of the school computer network，Alice was in low

20、 spirits. ABlaming BBlamed CTo blame DTo be blamed 【解析】本题考查非谓语动词的用法。句意为：Alice因为电脑网络故障被责备，情绪很低落。非谓语形式用做原因状语，主语是这个动作的承受者，故用过去分词blame。D项to be blamed有将要的意味。 【答案】B 6Dont always_your own failure_others.Sometimes you yourself_. Ablame；on；are to be blamed Bblame；for；are to blame Cblame；on；are to blame Dblam

21、e；for；are to be blamed 【解析】句意为：不要总把失败归咎于他人。有时该责怪你自己。blame sth.on sb.把归咎于某人；be to blame该受责备，要用主动式表被动意义。 【答案】C 7Shell_the blame_us if it turns out badly. Alay；for Bput；on Cbear；for Dget；on 【解析】bear the blame for对负责。 【答案】C absorb vt.吸收；吸引；使专心；并入，并吞 I was so absorbed in this book that I didnt hear you c

22、ome in. 我正入神地看这本书，连你进来也没听见。 Absorbed in his work，Tom simply forgot food and sleep. 汤姆专心于工作，几乎忘记了吃饭和睡觉。 The big company has gradually absorbed these small companies into its own organization.这家大公司渐渐把这些小公司吞并了。 8_in her new novel，the young writer kept thinking and writing for a dozen hours in her study

23、. AHaving deeply absorbed BDeeply absorbing CDeeply having been absorbed DDeeply absorbed 【解析】本题考查非谓语动词的用法。短语be absorbed in的意思为“专心于”。 【答案】D 9It is very quiet in the classroom.The students are all _reading books. Aabsorbed Babsorbed in Cabsorbing in Dabsorb 【解析】本题意为：教室里很安静，学生们在全心全意读书。be absorbed in d

24、oing sth.专心做某事。 【答案】B 10So absorbed in the detective story_that he didnt notice his father speaking to him. Ahe was Bwas he Cdid he Dhe did 【解析】首先根据词语用法be absorbed in判断，排除C、D两个选项，再根据so在倒装句中的用法选择B项。 【答案】B contribute vt.& vi.捐款；贡献；捐助 All the people in our school contributed something to the disaster a

25、reas in Sichuan. 我们学校所有的人都向四川灾区捐献了东西。 He contributed some articles to the newspaper. 他给报社投了几篇稿。 A proper amount of exercise contributes to good health. 适度运动有益于健康。 make great contributions to 对有贡献 He has made great contributions to a space development program.他对太空发展计划有很大贡献。 Many people contributed mo

26、ney to the poor boy，which contributed to his returning to school.A writer wrote a story about it and contributed it to a newspaper. 许多人给这个可怜的小男孩捐钱，这使他重新回到了校园。一位作家写了一篇关于此事的文章并把它投到了报社。 11To be honest，my carelessness_a lot to my failure. Acontributed Bdonated Cprovided Doffered 【解析】句意为：说实话，我的失败主要是因为我的粗

27、心大意。contribute to导致。donate捐献；provide提供；offer(主动)提供。 【答案】A attend vt.& vi. (1)出席，参加 attend a meeting/a lecture/school参加会议/听报告/上学 The manager failed to attend the meeting because of on business. 经理因出差未能出席这次会议。 (2)照顾，护理 attend on/upon sb.伺候某人；照顾某人 Jane has attended on her sick mother of years. 简多年来一直照顾

28、她有病的母亲。 (3)attend to 处理，注意，专心于，照料 Excuse me，but I have an urgent matter to attend to. 对不起，我有件急事要办。 You must attend to your work.你必须专心于你的工作。 12I always have so many things to_when I come back to the company after a trip abroad. Aadd toBcontribute to Cattend to Dappeal to 【解析】句意为：当我每次出国回到公司时，我总有很多事要处理

29、。attend to处理。A项，“增加”；B项，“起作用，导致”；D项，“恳求，请求；吸引”，这三项都不符合句意。 【答案】C 13The Browns sent lots of invitations for their party.But because of the improper time，few people_it. Aattended Baccepted Creceived Dtook part in 【解析】横线后面的it起着关键性的作用，它代替的应该是party，而不能是复数名词invitations，所以使用attend，表示“参加宴会”。 【答案】A put forwar

30、d提出，建议；推荐；将提前 She put forward some good proposals for educational reform. 她为教育改革提出了一些很好的建议。 Her name was put forward as the best for the job. 她被推荐为这项工作的最佳人选。 Put the clock forward by 5 minutes.把表拨快5分钟。 (1)come up with 提出，想出 He came up with a good idea at the meeting. 在会议上他提出一个好主意。 (2)come up被提出 The

31、question came up at the meeting. 那个问题在会议上被提出。 14No one has_anything better than the plan now under consideration. Aput forward Bcome up Cput toward Dcome up to 【解析】本题考查动词词组辨析。put forward a plan意为“提出计划”。come up with可表示“提出”，故可排除B、D项。 【答案】A 15Considering your salary，you should be able to_at least twent

32、y dollars a week. Aput forward Bput up Cput out Dput aside 【解析】句意为“就你的工资而言，每周你应至少存20美元”。put forward提出；put up张贴；put out扑灭；put aside储存。 【答案】D Neither its cause，nor its cure was understood. 人们既不知道其起因，又不知道它的治疗方法。 neither.nor.既不，也不，连接句中两个相同成分。 Neither my father nor I was there. 我父亲和我都不在那里。 He neither dri

33、nks，smokes，nor eats meat. 他不喝酒、不抽烟，也不吃肉。 Neither do I want to know it，nor do I care about it. 我既不想知道，也不关心。 16(2008年辽宁卷)Bill wasnt happy about the delay of the report by Jason，and_. AI was neither Bneither was I CI was either Deither was I 【解析】句意为：比尔对Jason做报告推迟这件事表示不高兴，我也不高兴。根据题意可知，我也不 (高兴)，neither/n

34、or系动词/助动词/情态动词sb.表示某人也不 (同意或赞成上文的观点)，易把either看做neither，无either was I句式，故选B。 【答案】B 17(2007年全国卷)If Joes wife wont go to the party，_. Ahe will either Bneither will he Che neither will Deither he will 【解析】考查固定句型。句意为：如果Joe的妻子不参加晚会，他也不参加。“neither系动词/情态动词/助动词主语”表示“某人/物也不”。either置于句末，也可表示“也”的意思，但它须与否定句连用。 【

35、答案】B 18(2007年辽宁卷)I have been living in the United States for twenty years，but seldom_so lonely as now. Ahave I felt BI had felt CI have felt Dhad I felt 【解析】本题考查时态和倒装的用法。否定副词seldom提前引导句子的倒装。 【答案】A 19(2007年上海卷)How was the televised debate last night? Super！Rarely_so much media attention. Aa debate at

36、tracted Bdid a debate attract Ca debate attract Dattracted a debate 【解析】rarely，seldom，never等否定副词位于句首时用部分倒装，即把助动词提前。 【答案】B So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. 每次爆发霍乱时，都有大批惊恐的老百姓病死。 （1）every time引导一个时间状语从句，相当于whenever,意 思是“每当”。 （2）名词词组作连词用，引导时间状语从句的有：every time

37、,each time,any time,the last time,next time,the first time,the moment,the second,the minute,the hour,the day等。 （3）有些副词,如directly,instantly,immediately也可引导状 语从句。 Every time I catch a cold，I have pains in my back. 我每次感冒背就痛。 The first time I climbed onto the wall，I felt very nervous. 我第一次爬到墙上去时，感到很紧张。

38、She let out a cry the moment she saw the snake. 她一看到蛇就叫了起来。 I left immediately the clock struck 5.钟刚敲了五下我就离开了。 (1)for the first time是介词短语，只可作时间状语，而the first time是连词，引导时间状语从句。 (2)It is the first time that.如果前面用is，从句动词用现在完成时；如果用was，则用过去完成时。 (3)Its high/about time that.从句动词用过去时或should动词原形。 It is the fi

39、rst time that I have been to Beijing. 这是我第一次去北京。 It is high time that we left for Beijing. 该到我们出发去北京的时间了。 20(2009年辽宁卷)Its the first time that he has been to Australia，_？ Aisnt he Bhasnt he Cisnt it Dhasnt it 【解析】句意为：这是他第一次到澳大利亚，不是吗？Its the first time that.是固定句型，反意疑问句的构成需依据主句的主语和谓语而定。 【答案】C 21(2009年陕

40、西卷)This is the first time we_a film in the cinema together as a family. Asee Bhad seen Csaw Dhave seen 【解析】句意为：这是我们全家第一次到电影院看电影。“This/It is the序数词time that 从句”为固定句型，that从句需用现在完成时。 【答案】D 22Dont stop_you meet with a word you dont understand. Aat the time Beach time Cby the time Dsometimes 【解析】考查名词性词组用

41、做连词引导时间状语从句。句意为：不要每次遇到不理解的词就停下来。有类似用法的还有：next time(下次)，last time(上次)，the moment(一就)等。而A、D两项不能连接句子，C项意义不对。 【答案】B 23(2009年云南玉溪模拟)_you talk to someone or write a message，you show your skills to others. AAt times BSome time CEvery time DThe time 【解析】句意为：每次你与别人交谈或写信息，你都向别人展示你的技能。every time是名词词组用做连词，引导时间状

42、语从句。 【答案】C .单词拼写 1We had _(分析) the problem carefully before making the decision. 【答案】analysed 2The police suspect that the two crimes may be_(联系) 【答案】linked 3He_(结束) by wishing everyone a safe trip home. 【答案】concluded 4He was brave enough to_(揭露) this terrible criminal. 【答案】expose 5The government ha

43、s_(宣布) plans to create 10,000 new jobs. 【答案】announced .选词填空 in addition;put forward;be very strict with;apart from;make sense 1Why did you_such a view at yesterdays meeting? 【答案】put forward 2_the injuries to his face and hands，he broke both legs. 【答案】Apart from 3The sentence at the end of the passag

44、e doesnt _，so it is better to cut it out. 【答案】make sense 4I have no time to go to the movies.And_，I am not interested in the film. 【答案】in addition 5She_us，and we know it is of great help to us. 【答案】is very strict with .巧思妙解 1Every one of us must know：_we live can we save the earth. Aby changing the

45、way only Bonly by changing the way Cby only changing the way Dby changing only the way 【解析】空格后为倒装语序，判定选项应为only介词短语。 【答案】B 2_by keeping down costs will PowerData hold its advantage over other companies. AOnlyBJust CStill DYet 【解析】only介词短语结构。 【答案】A 3Only then_how much damage had been caused. Ashe realized Bshe had realized Chad she realized Ddid she realize 【解析】only状语从句放于句首，主句用倒装语序。 【答案】D 4Only after my friend came_. Adid the computer repair Bhe repaired the computer Cwas the comput