英语新闻报道结构

1、-WORD#式-可编辑-英语新闻报道的结构一.新闻标题HEADLINE标题短而精，不好懂。但标题是理想的向导”它是新闻内容的集中和概括，用简练的语言浓缩新闻中最主要或最值得关注的内容。使读者尽量工见钟情In short, it has 4 functions:1. Summarizing the story2. Arousing the reader's interest3. Beautifying the newspaper page4. Indicating how much importance each news item has (一)标题的类型(省略、时态、语态) 英语新闻

2、标题可按 形式与意义 进行分类。 根据形式分类1 .左齐头式标题(Flush Left Headline ) IMFWill Have Say2 .通栏式标题(Banner Headline )又叫做头号大标题 House Passes Obama Plan to Cut Taxes3 .阶梯式标题(Drop Form Headline )形态美观，赏心悦目 F. B . I. Agrees to CeaseIts Illegal Surveillance Of the Research Institute4 .倒金字塔式标题(Inverted Pyramid Headline ) Facto

3、ry WalkoutThreat Over- Sacking5 .双标题复合式标题(Double Headline) 此类标题通常出现在对重大事件的报道中，其形式为两行标题，有主标题与副标题。Expected to go to USCastro to Free Thousands of PrisonersExample 2It Isn't the Cow That Are MadIt's the People That Are Going Mad6 .转页式标题(Jump Head Headline )Example :Pentagon PlansSystem to Fight

4、Russia Satellites(Original)U.S. Plans WeaponAgainst Satellites(Jump Head)根据意义分类直接类标题(Straight Headline )此类标题开门见山，直接告诉我们报道的主题， 是最常见的标题形式，也非常易于理解。Example 1Railroad W/orkers Strike in ArgentinaExample 2 ：Man Jailed for MurderExample 3Oil Tanker Fire问题类标题(Questioning Headline )此类标题尾部通常带有问号，但大多并不表 示发问。其含

5、义通常是：暗示可能性。对新闻的真实性及准确性表示怀疑Example 1Oil Price to Rise?Example 2-WORD#式-可编辑-New Cabinet Today?Example 3Jones Planned to Kill Bush?Example 4Police Allowed Jailbreak?特写类标题(Feature Headline )此类标题通常用于重大新闻以外的特别的报道， 要么内容不同寻常， 要么读者会对这方面内容颇感兴趣。这类标题不太容易读懂，有时得借助于对整篇文章的理解。Example 1'Down in the mouth ' ne

6、ws for dentts其报道内容是讲述一种将问世的预防牙齿腐烂的疫苗。Example 2The man who Reigned UK's QueenReign的含义是rule ,仅用于国王或女王，因此 man与reign的搭配令人费解，从而达 到了勾起读者阅读欲望的效果。看完全篇才明白，原来the man不过是一条名为 Queen Mary的船长而已。引语式标题(Oration Headline )1 .将人们说的常理性的话作标题。“We Owe Our Lives to Our Pilot”2 .直接引用记者听到某人的原话作标题，或是记者采访的对象所言，或是发言人所 说的话。a&

7、quot; We Have to Save Our People”b" We won't Quit ”3 .利用文章中的一句话、半句话、几个字或一个字作标题I Have a Dream Mug ump Britain(Mug ump n.( 政治上的)超然派. 骑墙派.(论争中的)中立者批评英国在外交上脚踏两只船，一方面与美国保持特殊关系”，紧跟美国，另一方面又声称要与西欧国家站在一起。4 .标题中部分带引号的词，有时其词义往往不是其通常的意思。Norse “Invasion此标题可不是指古代北欧人对不列颠的入侵和征服，而是指大批挪威人到苏格兰去旅游购物。这个“invasio

8、n因不是常义，故加引号，相当于汉语 所谓的入侵”的意思。(二)标题的省略For example:Brazil dances to dazzling triumph 改成 Brazil dances to dazzling triumph of the World Cup(1)冠词省略(The) US Role in a New World(A)Lightening Kills GolferViedo Shows(the)beheading of American Hostage(2)联系动词省略Gates (is) Still the World's RichestChina_Laun

9、ches_(lis)_First_Manned_Spacecraft_为了强调就会例外Iraq Says It Will Punish AmericansKeendedy:卜aq is W.Bush'Vietnam(3)助动词常省略(A) Tourist (Is)Arrested for Espionage Charges表示一个时A不可省略例如A Historical Event for the Chinese NationComing Soon: A' Telephone Tooth '(4)标点的运用用逗号代替AND;China's Oldest,Long

10、est Bridge Found in Xi'an用冒号所讲的话或出处、联系动词BE;Source: Missing Marines Tells Family He's Safe分号一一两层意思；Militants Kill29; Weak Peace ShatteredU.S. and Allies Open Air War on Iraq, Bomb Baghdad and Kuwaiti Targets; " No Choice “ But Force, Bush Declares破折号一一强调；U.S. Marines Whereabouts UnknownL

11、ebanese Family(Reuters)被劫人质家属称，美国海军陆战队员下落不明。(三)标题的时态一般不用过去时，当然更不用过去完成时，而用现在时一一造成新闻现在进行时。(JOURNALISTIC PRESENT TENSE) 一般采用：现在时、现在进行时和将来时1 . 一般现在时通常用来表示过去发生的事Greece Wins Euro ChampioshipOil Price Soared 20% in October( 特殊感情)Unemployment in California Increased in December2 .动词的将来时更多地直接采用动词不定式表达Russian

12、 Defense Minister to Visit ChinaIndia ,Parkistan to Resume Border Talk3 .现在分词直接表示正在进行的动作或事件IT Sector Growing FastD.TV Coverage Widening（四）标题的语态被动语态结构BE+过去分词，但BE通常被省略，也经常不用“ BY? I出动作的执行者,剩下的过去分词在标题中可以直接表示被动意思，切忌误解为该动词的过去式。例 1 ： Van Goghs Recovered after Theft(Van Goghs are Recovered after the Theft)例

13、 2: Father Jailed for Murder of Daughter(Father is Jailed for the Murder of His Daughter)比较以下两例为什么500 Reported Killed in Korean Building Collapse&Collapse Claims 500 Lives in Korean(五)标题欣赏及汉译(1)直译例Looking Back to Looking Ahead例 2American's Careening Foreign Policy例3Obama Catches Office in Wh

14、ite House As US President(2)添加Hu to Visit EuropeWen's Visit a Milestone in Bilateral Ties修辞例 After the Boom Everything Is Gloom例 Liberty Mother of Invention例 Accuser Accused例 Middle East: A Cradle of Terror?例 Desperate Need ,Desperate Deed例 2008: Year of Marco Polo Chic例 A Vow to Zip His Lips例'Silent ' Office Workers Demand to Be Headed例 Russian Reform Old Wine in New Bottle4 4) 口语俗语例 Iraq Gets OK to Sell $1.6 Billion in Oil例 Japan Wants Talk, RK Says No例 China Is Alive Kicking例 Taiwan Economy Slides例 Wall Street Takes a Dive例 Soccer Kicks off with Violence例 Grass-