Beingdone与done做状语的区别

1、Beingdone与done做状语的区别现在分词作状语现在分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语必须是句子的主语，分词必须和句中的主语含有逻辑上的主谓关系，否则不能用现在分词作状语。在使用现在分词时，要注意它的各种形式变化：Hearingthebell,thestudentsbegantoentertheclassroom.听见铃声，学生们开始走进教室。（听见和进入两个动作同时发生）Beingstruckbytheheavystorm,theyfelthelpless.正受到强暴雨的袭击，他们感到很无助。（strike与feel两个动作同时发生，但strike与they之间逻辑关系是被动的）Having

2、donethework,hewenthome.完成了工作，他就回家了。Havingbeentoldmanytimes,hestillrepeatedthesamemistake.给他讲过好几回,他还是犯同样的错。分词在句中作状语，修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表示动作发生的原因、时间、方式、结果、条件、伴随状况等。与其它非谓语动词作状语用法区别简析：1. 分词在句中不作目的状语（表目的状语用不定式）。不定式作状语只在句中表目的、结果、原因、程度。2. 现在分词的一般式，表示该动作与主句谓语动词同时或基本同时发生；现在分词的完成式，表示该动作先于主句谓语动作发生。过去分词表被动完成3. 现在分词的一般

3、式的被动式(即beingdone)一般只作原因状语置句首；现在分词的完成式(即havingdone;havingbeendone)在句中作时间原因状语。Walkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.表示时间关系的分词短语，可用when或while引出。即：when/whilewalkingOncepublished,thisnovelwillbeverypopular.Havingworkedforfourhours,shestoppedtohavehermeal.Lostintheforest,youshouldfirstofallremai

4、nwhereyouare,waitingforhelptocome.Havingbeenallowedtotakeadayoff,hewashappytoreturn.1)现在分词作时间状语与其它非谓语动词比较2)现在分词作原因状语与其它非谓语比较：Beingill,hedidntgotoschool.Havingsmokedtoomuch,hehassufferedfromlungcancer.分词作原因状语:可置前或后,逗号隔开Havingbeenseparatedfromothercontinentsformillionsofyears,Australiahasmanyplantsand

5、animalsnotfoundinanyothercountryintheworld.Thechildlearnsfast,wellbroughtupbyhisparents.由于受到父母良好的教育，这个孩子学得很快。Seriouslyinjured,hehadtobetakentohospital.不定式短语表原因，多用于表情绪或情感反应的动词/形容词后面:happy/glad/sad/pleased/excitedtodo3）表方式、伴随情况的状语：作伴随状语的分词表示的动作，必须是主语的另一动作，或与谓语所表示的动作（或状态）同时发生，或对谓语表示的动作（或状态）作进一步地补充说明。He

6、satonthesofa,watchingTV.=Hesatonthesofa,andwatchedTV.Fourpeopleenteredtheroomlookingaroundinacuriousway.=Fourpeopleentertheroomandlookedaroundinacuriousway.（伴随动作）Theteacherstoodthere,surroundedbystudents.Shesatbythewindow,notdaringtosayaword.Hestoodthere,excitedtocheertheathleteon.他们笑着谈着走进了教室。,theyw

7、entintotheclassroom.他斜靠（lean）着墙站着。（方式状语）Hestoodleaningagainstthewall.（=Hestoodandleanedagainstthewall.）Hecamerunningbacktotellmethenews.Laughingandtalking4）非谓语动词表结果：分词表结果，是伴随谓语动词的发生而同时产生的自然而然的结果，通常放在句末，置句中前后用标点隔开；有时为突出结果，在其前面加thus。谓语动词与分词的动作是一种必然的因果关系，现在分词表主动，过去分词表被动。不定式表结果，其动作发生在谓语动词之后：1.表示未曾预料到的或令

8、人不快的结果，不定式前常加only/never,用以强调惊讶和失望。2.用于too+adj./adv.+todo;adj./advenough+todo；n.+enough/enough+n.+todo；so+adj./adv.+as+todo；such+n.as+todo；Heronlychildwas川athome,causingheralotoftrouble.Theywentoutinsuchbadweather,caughtinaheavyrainhalfway.Hewokeupinthemorning,tofindtheoutsideworldgreatlychanged.When

9、wehurriedtothestation,onlytobetoldthatthetrainhadleft.Hejumpedoffthecliff,killedatonce.Shegottothecompanyinahurry,dismissedbythemanager.Shewentabroadnevertoreturn.Hewastooexcitednottosayafewwords.(程度)Sheisnotexperiencedenoughtotakeupthejob.Sheissolovely/suchalovelygirlastobelovedbyus.5)非谓语动词表条件比较：Us

10、ingyourhead,youwillfindaway.Notaskedtospeak,youhadbetterkeepsilent.Givenmoretime,wewoulddoitmuchbetter.Seeingfromthehill,Ifindthecitymorebeautiful.Seenfromthehill,thecitylooksmorebeautiful.Thechildslippedandfell,hittinghisheadagainstthedoor.7)当非谓语动词逻辑主语与句子主语不一致时,就须在非谓语前面加逻辑主语，构成独立主格结构：Iwaitingforthe

11、bus,abirdfellonmyheardHerushedintotheroom,hisfacecoveredwithsweat.Alltheticketshavingbeensoldout,theywentawaydisappointedly.所有票卖光了他们失望离开Timepermitting,we'lldoanothertwoexercises.ItbeingSunday,westayedathomeandrelaxed.6)分词作让步状语或although,evenif/though+分词Workinghardasshedid,shestillcouldntsucceed.B

12、eatenbytheoppositeteam,theplayerswerenotdiscouragedandpracticedevenharder.Thekeylost,shecouldntentertheroom.Somuchworktodo,Icantgocampingwithyou.有时也用with(without)+名词/代词宾格+分词形式Withthelightsburning,hefellasleep.点着灯睡了Withthetaskfinished,theywentouttoplay.Withthisbooktohelpyou,youcanfinishyourworkassoon

13、aspossible.?8)常见的独立成分：Judgingfrom/byhisappearance,hemustbeanactor.从外表看，他一定是个演员。generally/frankly/strictly/roughly/broadlyspeaking,一般/坦率/严格/大致/广义/说来;考虑至1J:considering,seeing,takingintoaccount/consideration,given+n./that-clause,allthingsconsidered,全面考虑的话,weather/timepermitting,时问/条件允许的话，comparedwith/t

14、o与,相比,assumingthat彳段定tobefrank/honest/exact/sure,坦率地说/坦白说/准确地说/果然,的确;totell(you)thetruth,说实话,tocutalongstoryshort,长话短说;tobegin/startwith,首先，第一；如果：supposing/providing,providedthat从句非谓语动词解题策略：1.根据句中是否有谓语动词，确定是否选择非谓语动词,尤其注意:1)句首选项，是祈使句或是非谓语动词开头;2)区分选项是非谓语动词，还是与其它动词并列的谓语动词。2.剖析句子结构，理清非谓语动词选项在句中充当什么句子成分、

15、弄清其逻辑意思联系,与逻辑主语关系是主动或是被动，选定该非谓语动词形式。3.根据非谓语动词与谓语动词动作发生的先后，确定该非谓语动词用一般式或完成式。典型题解：1).句首选项，是祈使句或是非谓语开头1.themilk(,)andsetagoodexampletotheotherchildren.2.someofthisjuiceperhapsyoulllikeit.3.someofthisjuice,youlllikeit.A.DrinkB.TodrinkC.DrinkingD.Havingdrinking有分号(;),句号(.),并列连词(and/but/or/so),破折号()连接，句首选

16、项为谓语动词。逗号连接，句首选项为非谓语动词。AAC2)区分非谓语动词或是并列谓语动词1.Igotoutofthetaxi,thefareanddashedintothestation.A.paidB.payingC.topayD.havingpaid2.Hearingthenews,herushedout,thebook_onthetableanddisappearedintothedistance.A.left,lainopenB.leaving,lyingopenC.leaving,lieopenedD.left,layopenedAB第1题got,paid,dashed谓语动词并列;第

17、2题leaving在此表结果,lyingopen与leave存在逻辑联系：leavesb./sth.doing表示使奥人或莫物处于做状态中3)情态动词后动词，是否与情态动词有逻辑关联：1.Theydideverythingtheycouldherlife.A.saveB. tosaveC.savingD.saved2.Beforegoingabroadhedevotedallhecould_hisoralEnglish.A.improveB.toimproveC.improvingD.toimproving情态动词could/can后省略了前面已用过的谓语动词，要注意该空格选项的非谓语动词:其

18、与谓语动词的逻辑意义和搭配习惯。BC4)“动词+(名词)+介词+名词”变被动结构,其后形式:Theoldprofessortolduseverypartofthematerialsshouldbemadeuseofthepowerstation.tobuildB.buildingC. buildD.built应对这类题的最佳办法就是将该句转换成主动语态shouldmakefullofeverypartofmaterialstobuild.A5)名词后有两个定语修饰。一个为定语从句，另一个为非谓语动词。Doesthewayyouthoughtofthewatercleanmakeanysense

19、?A.makingB.tomakeC.howtomakeD.havingmadeB此类题解题关键在于学会句子结构分析，在已知谓语的情况下，弄清非谓语动词与名词的逻辑意思联系，然后再考量该名词的固定搭配形式。6)谓语动词+感叹句形式的宾语从句：聚焦宾语从句中谓语(vt.+obj.)与非谓语动词的习惯搭配：YoucanneverimaginewhatgreatdifficultyIhadyourhouseallbymyself.A.foundB.findingC.tofindD.forfindingB7)名词(作主语)+主谓结构(该主谓结构谓语由动词+介词构成)或动词的过去分词+介词(修饰前面的名

20、词作定语)，其后动词应是主句谓语：Theman(you)referredto_justnow.A.comesB.comeC.comingD.cameDPractice:Theysetoutfortheboy.searching;losingB.searching;lostC.tosearch;lostD.searched;losing(2)Thestudentsatthere,whattodo.doesntknowingB.didntknowingC.notknowD.notknowingBD现在分词的否定式是在一般式和完成式的前面加not(never)(3)Hesatthere,withhisheadonhishand.andthinkB.thinkingC.thoughtD.beingthought(4)ThePrimeMinisterexpressedhissatisfactionwithhistalks,_thathehadenjoyedhisstayhere.visiting;addB.visited;addingC.visiting;addingD.visited;addedBC1.Thesecretaryworkedlateintothenight,alongspeechforthepre