PEP小学英语语法要点及习题

1、PEP小学英语语法要点及习题一、名词复数规则1. 般情况下，直接力口-s,如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds2. 以s.x.sh.ch结尾，力口-es,如：bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches3. 以辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再力口-es,如：family-families,strawberry-strawberries4. 以"或fe结尾，变f或fe为v,再加-es,如：knife-knives5不规则名词复数：man-men,woman-women,policeman-pol

2、icemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese写出下列各词的复数I_him_thisherwatch_child_photo_diarydayfoot_book_dresstooth_sheep_box_strawberrythief_yo-yo_peach_sandwichman_woman_paper_juicewatermilkricetea二、一般现在时一般现在时基本

3、用法介绍【No.1】一般现在时的功能1 .表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：Theskyisblue.天空是蓝色的。2 .表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：Igetupatsixeveryday.我每天六点起床。3 .表示客观现实。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时的构成1 .be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：Iamaboy.我是一个男孩。2 .行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：WestudyEnglish.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es&

4、quot;。如：MarylikesChinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。一般现在时的变化1. be动词的变化。否定句：主语+be+not+其它。如：Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。一般疑问句：Be+主语+其它。如：-Areyouastudent?-Yes.Iam./No,I'mnot.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Whereismybike?2. 行为动词的变化。否定句：主语+don't(doesn't)+动词原形(+其它)。如：Idon'tlikebread.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。如：Hedoesn'to

5、ftenplay.一般疑问句：Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其它。如：- Doyouoftenplayfootball?- Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：- Doesshegotoworkbybike?- Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Howdoesyourfathergotowork?动词+s的变化规则1. 一般情况下，直接加-s,如：cook-cooks,milk-milks2. 以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾，力口-es,如：guess-guess

6、es,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes3. 以辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es,如：study-studies一般现在时用法专练:一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数drinkgo_stay_makelookhave_pass_carrycomewatch_plant_flystudy_brush_do_teach二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1. Heoften(have)dinnerathome.2. DanielandTommy(be)inClassOne.3. We(notwatch)TVonMonday.4. Nick(notgo)tothezo

7、oonSunday.5. they(like)theWorldCup?6. Whattheyoften(do)onSaturdays?7. yourparents(read)newspaperseveryday?8. Thegirl(teach)usEnglishonSundays.9. SheandI(take)awalktogethereveryevening.10. There(be)somewaterinthebottle.11. Mike(like)cooking.12. They(have)thesamehobby.13. Myaunt(look)afterherbabycaref

8、ully.14. Youalways(do)yourhomeworkwell.15. I(be)ill.Imstayinginbed.16. She(go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.17. LiuTao(do)notlikePE.18. Thechildoften(watch)TVintheevening.19. SuHaiandSuYang(have)eightlessonsthisterm.20. Whatday(be)ittoday?It'sSaturday!、按照要求改写句子1. DanielwatchesTVeveryevening.(改为否定句)

9、2. Idomyhomeworkeveryday.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)3. Shelikesmilk.（改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答）4. Amylikesplayingcomputergames.（改为一般疑问句，作否定回答）5. Wegotoschooleverymorning.（改为否定句）6. HespeaksEnglishverywell.（改为否定句）7. Iliketakingphotosinthepark.（对划线部分提问）8. JohncomesfromCanada.（对划线部分提问）9. Sheisalwaysagoodstudent.（改为一般疑问句，作否定回答）

10、10. SimonandDaniellikegoingskating.（改为否定句）五、改错（划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上）1. IsyourbrotherspeakEnglish?2. Doeshelikesgoingfishing?3. Helikesplaygamesafterclass.4. Mr.WuteachsusEnglish.5. ShedontdohhoemreworkonSundays.三、现在进行时1现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2.现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.3现在进行时的否定句在be

11、后加not。4现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。5现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词不达意+be+主语+动词ing?但疑问词当主语时其结构为：疑问词不达意+be+动词ing?动词加ing的变化规则1 .一般情况下，直接加ing,如：cook-cooking2 .以不发音的e结尾，去e力口ing,如：make-making,taste-tastingrun-running,3 .如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing,如：stop-stopping现在进行时专项练习：一、写出下列动词的现在分词：playrunswim_make_golike_write

12、skiread_havesing_dance_putsee_buy_lovelive_take_comegetstopsitbeginshop二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1. Theboy(draw)apicturenow.2. Listen.Somegirls(sing)intheclassroom.3. Mymother(cook)somenicefoodnow.4. Whatyou(do)now?5. Look.They(have)anEnglishlesson.6. They(not,water)theflowersnow.7. Look!thegirls(dance)inthec

13、lassroom.8. Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?She(listen)tomusic.9. Its5oclocknow.We(have)suppernow10. Helen(wash)clothes?Yes,sheis.三、句型转换：1 Theyaredoinghousework.(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)2 Thestudentsarecleaningtheclassroom.(改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)3 Implayingthefootballintheplayground.(对划线部分进行提问)4 Tomisreadingbooksinhiss

14、tudy.(对划线部分进行提问)四、将来时理论及练习一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year),soon,thedayaftertomorw(后天)等。二、基本2构：begoingto+do；will+do.三、否定句：在be动词(am,is,are)l后加not或情态动词will后加not成wont。例如：I'mgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.fI'mnotgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.四、一般疑问

15、句：be或will提到句首，some改为any,and改为or,第一二人称互换。例如：Wearegoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend.fAreyougoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend?五、对划线部分提问。一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。1. 问人。Who例如：I'mgoingtoNewYorksoon.fWhdsgoingtoNewYorksoon.2. 问干什么。Whatdo例如：Myfatherisgoingtowatcharacewithmethisafternoon.fWhatisyourfathergoingtod

16、owithyouthisafternoon.3. 问什么时候。When.例如：She'sgoingtogotobedatnine-Whenisshegoingtobed?六、同义句：begoingto=willIamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow(明天).=Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.练习：填空。1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。Ihaveapicnicwithmyfriends.Ihaveapicnicwithmyfriends.2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛?我想去打篮球。WhatnextMonday?Iplaybasketball.Whatyou

17、donextMonday?Iplaybasketball.3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。yourmothergoshoppingthis?Yes,she.Shebuysomefruit.4. 你们打算什么时候见面。Whattimeyoumeet?改句子。5. Nancyisgoingtogocamping.(改否定)Nancygoingtogocamping.6. I'llgoandjointhem.(改否定)Igojointhem.7. I'mgoingtogetupat6:30tomorow.(改一般疑问句)togetupat6:30tomorrow?

18、8. Wewillmeetatthebusstopat10:30.(改一般疑问句)meetatthebusstopat10:30.9. Sheisgoingtolistentomusicafterschool.(对划线部分提问)sheafterschool?10. Myfatherandmotheraregoingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow.(同上)goingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow.用所给词的适当形式填空。11. Todayisasunnyday.We(have)apicnicthisafternoon.12. Mybroth

19、er(go)toShanghainextweek.13. Tomoften(go)toschoolonfoot.Buttodayisrain.He(go)toschoolbybike.14. Whatdoyouusuallydoatweekends?Iusually(watch)TVand(catch)insects?15. ItFsridaytoday.Whatshe(do)thisweekend?She(watch)TVand(catch)insects.16. What(d0)youdolastSunday?I(pick)applesonafarm.What(do)nextSunday?

20、I(milk)cows.17. Mary(visit)hergrandparentstomorrow.18. LiuTao(fly)kitesintheplaygroundyesterday.19. David(give)apuppetshownextMonday.20. I(plan)formystudynow五、一般过去时1一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。2 Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：am和is在一般过去时中变为was。(wasnot=wasnt)are在一般过去时中变为were。(wereno

21、t=weren')t带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is,am,are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not,一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。3句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子否定句：didn't动词原形，如：Jimdidn'tgohomeyesterday.一般疑问句：在句首加did,句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如：DidJimgohomeyesterday?特殊疑问句：疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？如：WhatdidJimdoyesterday?疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？如：Whowenttohomeyesterday?动词过

22、去式变化规则：1 .一般在动词末尾加-ed,如：pull-pulled,cook-cooked2 .结尾是e力口d,如：taste-tasted3 末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped4.以辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i,再加-ed,如：study-studied5不规则动词过去式：am,is-was,are-were,do-did,see-saw,say-said,give-gave,get-got,go-went,come-came,have-had,eat-ate,take-took,run-ran,sing-sa

23、ng,put-put,make-made,read-read,write-wrote,draw-drew,drink-drank,fly-flew,ride-rode,speak-spoke,sweep-swept,swim-swam,sit-sat过去时练习写出下列动词的过去式isamfly_plant_aredrinkplay_go_makedoesdance_worry_asktasteeatdraw_putthrowkickpass_doBe动词的过去时练习（1）NameNo.Date1、 用be动词的适当形式填空1. Iatschooljustnow.2. Heatthecampla

24、stweek.3. Westudentstwoyearsago.4. Theyonthefarmamomentago.5. YangLingelevenyearsoldlastyear.6. Thereanappleontheplateyesterday.7. TheresomemilkinthefridgeonSunday.8. Themobilephoneonthesofayesterdayevening.2、 句型转换1. Itwasexciting.否定句：一般疑问句：肯、否定回答：2. Allthestudentswereveryexcited.否定句：一般疑问句：肯、否定回答：3.

25、 Theywereinhispocket.否定句：一般疑问句：肯、否定回答：Be动词的过去时练习(2)NameNo.Date一、用be动词的适当形式填空4. IanEnglishteachernow.5. Shehappyyesterday.6. Theygladtoseeeachotherlastmonth.7. HelenandNancygoodfriends.8. Thelittledogtwoyearsoldthisyear.9. Look,therelotsofgrapeshere.10. ThereasignonthechaironMonday.11. Todaythesecond

26、ofJune.YesterdaythefirstofJune.ItChildrensDay.Allthestudentsveryexcited.二、句型转换1. Therewasacarinfrontofthehousejustnow.否定句：一般疑问句：肯、否定回答：肯、否定回答：3、 中译英1我的故事书刚才还在手表旁边。2他们的外套上个礼拜放在卧室里了。3一会以前花园里有两只小鸟。行为动词的过去时练习(1)NameNo.Date一、用行为动词的适当形式填空1. He(live)inWuxitwoyearsago.2. Thecat(eat)abirdlastnight.3. We(have

27、)apartylastHalloween.4. Nancy(pick)uporangesonthefarmlastweek.5. I(make)amodelshipwithMikeyesterday.6. They(play)chessintheclassroomlastPElesson.7. Mymother(cook)anicefoodlastSpringFestival.8. Thegirls(sing)and(dance)attheparty.二、句型转换1. SuHaitooksomephotosattheSportsday.否定句：一般疑问句：肯、否定回答：2. Nancywent

28、toschoolearly.否定句：一般疑问句：肯、否定回答：3. WesangsomeEnglishsongs.否定句：一般疑问句：肯、否定回答：行为动词的过去时练习(2)NameNo.Date一、用be动词的适当形式填空1. I(watch)acartoononSaturday.2. Herfather(read)anewspaperlastnight.3. Wetozooyesterday,wetothepark.(go)4. you(visit)yourrelativeslastSpringFestival?5. he(fly)akiteonSunday?Yes,he.6. GaoSh

29、an(pull)upcarrotslastNationalDayholiday.7. I(sweep)theflooryesterday,butmymother.8. Whatshe(find)inthegardenlastmorning?She(find)abeautifulbutterfly.二、句型转换1.Theyplayedfootballintheplayground.否定句：一般疑问句：肯、否定回答：三、中译英1. 格林先生去年住在中国。2. 昨天我们参观了农场。3. 他刚才在找他的手机。过去时综合练习(1)NameNo.Date1、 用动词的适当形式填空1. It(be)Bens

30、birthdaylastFriday.2. Weall(have)agoodtimelastnight.3. He(jump)highonlastSportsDay.4. Helen(milk)acowonFriday.5. Shelikesnewspapers,butsheabookyesterday.(read)6. Hefootballnow,buttheybasketballjustnow.(play)7. Jimsmother(plant)treesjustnow.8. they(sweep)theflooronSunday?No,they.9. I(watch)acartoonon

31、Monday.10. We(go)toschoolonSunday.2、 中译英1. 我们上周五看了一部电影。2. 他上个中秋节走亲访友了吗？是的。3. 你们上个儿童节做了什么？我们参观了动物园。4. 你上周在哪儿?在野营基地。过去时综合练习(2)NameNo.Date一、用动词的适当形式填空1. It(be)the2ndofNovemberyesterday.MrWhite(go)tohisofficebycar.2. GaoShan(put)thebookonhisheadamomentago.3. Dontthehouse.Mumityesterday.(clean)4. Whatyou

32、justnow?Isomehousework.(do)5. They(make)akiteaweekago.6. Iwanttoapples.Butmydadallofthemlastmonth.(pick)7. hetheflowersthismorning?Yes,he.(water)8. She(be)aprettygirl.Look,she(do)Chinesedances.9. Thestudentsoften(draw)somepicturesintheartroom.10. WhatMikedoonthefarm?Hecows.(milk)二、中译英1. 他的朋友在照看他的弟弟。

33、2. 去年端午节我们没去看了龙舟比赛。3. 他在音乐课上拉小提琴了吗？不，没有。六、形容词和副词的比较级复习及练习一、形容词的比较级1、形容词比较级在句子中的运用：两个事物或人的比较用比较级，比较级后面一般带有单词than比较级前面可以用more,alittle来修饰表示程度。than后的人称代词用主格（口语中可用宾格）2形容词加er的规则：一般在词尾加er；以字母e结尾，加r；以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加er；以辅音字母+y”结尾，先把y变i,再加er。3不规则形容词比较级：good-better,beautiful-morebeautiful二、副词的比较级

34、1.形容词与副词的区别（有be用形，有形用be；有动用副，有副用动）在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或be动词之后副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后2副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级相同（不规则变化：well-better,far-farther）三、练习一）、写出下列形容词或副词的比较级old_young_talllongshort_strong_bigsmallfat_thin_heavy_lightnice_good_beautiful_low_high_slow_fastlateearly_far_well二)、根据句意填入单词的正确形式：1. Mybrotheristwoye

35、ars(old)thanme.2. Tomisas(fat)asJim.3. Isyoursister(young)thanyou?Yes,sheis.4. Whois(thin),youorHelen?Helenis.5. Whosepencil-boxis(big),yoursorhers?Hersis.6. Maryshairisas(long)asLucys.7. Ben(jump)(high)thansomeoftheboysinhisclass.8. Nancysing(well)thanHelen?Yes,she.9. Fangfangisnotas(tall)astheothe

36、rgirls.10. Myeyesare(big)than(she).11. Whichis(heavy),theelephantorthepig?12. Whogetsup(early),TimorTom?13. thegirlsgetup(early)thantheboys?No,they.14. Jimruns(slow).ButBenruns(slow).15. Thechilddoesnt(write)as(fast)asthestudents.三)、翻译句子：1、谁比Jim年纪大？是你。isthanJim？are2、谁比David更强壮？是GaoShan.thanDavid?Gao

37、Shan.3、谁的铅笔更长，他的还是她的？我想是她的。pencilis,or？is,Ithink.4、谁的苹果更重，你的姐姐的还是你的弟弟的？我的弟弟的。apples,youroryour?My.5、你和你的叔叔一样高吗？是的。asasyouruncle?Yes,Iam.6、他和他的朋友Jim一样年轻。HeasasJim.7、她和她的双胞胎哥哥一样胖吗？不，她比他瘦。asastwin?No,thanhim.8 .YangLing每天睡得比SuYang晚。YangLingtothanSuYangeveryday.9 .我跳得和Mike一样远。IasasMike.10 .Tom比你跑得快吗？不是的

38、,他和我跑得一样快。Tomthanyou?No,he.Heasas.11 .多做运动，你会更强壮。moreexercise,youllsoon.12 .我的科学很好，但是语文不好。IatScience.ButIdontwellinChinese.13 .你放风筝比王兵放得高吗？不，我比他放得低。youthekitethanWangbing?No,Iitthan_.14 .我喜欢游泳。我所有的朋友都游得比我慢。Ilike.Allmythanme.15 .我的姐姐起得比我早。Myupthanme.16 .女孩比男孩唱得好吗？是的。thegirlstheboys?Yes,they.17 .她不擅长体

39、育。但我跳得没有她高。ShedoesntinPE.ButIdon_tthan.18 .你足球踢得比你的同班同学好吗？不，他们踢得和我一样好。_youfootballthanyourclassmates?No,theyasasme.19 我母亲比我父亲年纪小。Mythanmy.20 .她的毛衣和我的一样重。sweaterasas.21 .我的连衣裙太短了。我想买一条大点的。Mydresstoo.Iwanttoaone.22 .I'mtallerthanMike.（该成用原级的比较）I'masasMike.七、Therebe句型与have,has的区另1J1、 Therebe句型表

40、示：在某地有某物（或人）2、 在therebe句型中，主语是单数，be动词用is;主语是复数，be动词用are;如有几件物品，be动词根据最*近be动词的那个名词决定。3、therebe句型的否定句在be动词后加not,一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。4、therebe句型与have(has)的区别：therebe表示在某地有某物(或人)；have(has)表示某人拥有某物。5、some和any在therebe句型中的运用：some用于肯定句，any用于否定句或疑问句。6、and和or在therebe句型中的运用：and用于肯定句，or用于否定句或疑问句。7、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是

41、：Howmany+名词复数+arethere+介词短语？Howmuch+不可数名词+isthere+介词短语？8、针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：What's吩词短语？Fillintheblankwith"have,has"or"thereis,thereare”1. Iagoodfatherandagoodmother.2. atelescopeonthedesk.3. Heatape-recorder.4. abasketballintheplayground.5. Shesomedresses.6. Theyanicegarden.7. Wha

42、tdoyou?8. areading-roominthebuilding?9. WhatdoesMike?10. anybooksinthebookcase?11. Myfatherastory-book.12. astory-bookonthetable.13. anyflowersinthevase?14. Howmanystudentsintheclassroom?15. Myparentssomenicepictures.16. somemapsonthewall.17. amapoftheworldonthewall.18. Davidatelescope.19. David'

43、;sfriendssometents.20. manychildrenonthehill.用恰当的be动词填空。1、Therealotofsweetsinthebox.2、Theresomemilkintheglass.3、Theresomepeopleunderthethebigtree.4、Thereapictureandamaponthewall.5、Thereaboxofrubbersnearthebooks.6、Therelotsofflowersinourgardenlastyear.7、Thereatinofchickenbehindthefridgeyesterday.8、Th

44、erefourcupsofcoffeeonthetable.Fillintheblankwith"have,has”1、 Ianicepuppet.2.Heagoodfriend.3.They_somemasks.4.Wesomeflowers.5.She_aduck.6.Myfatheranewbike.7.Hermotheravase.8.OurteacheranEnglishbook.9.Ourteachers_abasketball.10Theirparentssomeblankets11Nancy_manyskirts.12David_somejackets.13Myfri

45、ends_afootball.14Whatdoyou_?15WhatdoesMike?16Whatdoyourfriends?17WhatdoesHelen?18Hisbrother_abasketball.19Hersister_anicedoll.20MissLianEnglishbook.八、人称代词和物主代词than之后），名词性则单独使用，1、人称代词主格和宾格的区别：主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前（有时候位于宾格一般位于动词或介词之后。2、 物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别：形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词，后面不带名词。人称代词主格宾格物主代词形容词性名词性我Ime我的mymine你

46、，你们youyou你的，你们的你们的youryours他hehim他的hishis她sheher她的herhers它itit它的itsits我们weus我们的ourours他（她，它）们theythem他（她，它）们的（她，它）们的theirtheirs.填写代词表itweyouthemhisyourhers二.用所给词的适当形式填空1. Thatisnotkite.Thatkiteisverysmall,butisverybig.(I)2. Thedressis.Giveitto.(she)3. Isthiswatch?(you)No,itsnot.(I)4. ismybrother.nam

47、eisJack.Look!Thosestampsare.(he)5. dressesarered.(we)Whatcolourare?(you)6. Herearemanydolls,whichoneis?(she)7. Icanfindmytoy,butwheres?(you)8. Showyourkite,OK?(they)9. IisMimi.Thesecakesare.(it)10. Arethesetickets?No,arenot.arenthere.(they)11. Shallhavealookatthatclassroom?Thatisclassroom.(we)12. ismyaunt.Doyouknowjob?anurse.(she)13. Thatisnotcamera.isathome.(he)14. Whereare?Icantfind.Letscall_._(_th_e_y_)parents15. Donttouch.notacat,atiger!16. sisterisill.Pleasegoandget.(she)17. dontknowhername.Wouldyoupleasetell.(we)18. Somanydogs.Letstc_o_u_n.(they)19. Ihavealovely