新概念英语-第2册-第4课-Lesson-4

1、.NCE-2New Concept EnglishLesson 4An exciting trip.I.Key words exciting, receive, firm, differentII.Key structures The present perfect simple现在完成时 key points .Revision 寄，送明信片损坏博物馆公共的友好的服务员借给决定整个的唯一的sendpostcardspoilspoilt/spoiledmuseumpublicfriendlywaiterlenddecisionwholesingle. Postcards always _ my

2、 holidays. Last summer, I went to _. I _ museums and sat in _ gardens. A _ waiter taught me a few words of _. Then he _ me a book. I read a _ lines, but I did not _ a word. Every day I _ _ my postcards. My holidays passed _, but I did not _ cards to my friends. _ the last day I _ a big _. I got up _

3、 and _ thirty-seven cards. I _ the _ day in my room, _ I did not write a _ card!spoilItalyvisitedpublicfriendlyItalianlentfewunderstandthoughtaboutquicklysendOnmadedecisionearlyboughtspentwholebutsingleRevision .New wordsexcitingadj. 令人兴奋的（修饰事物）excited 感到兴奋的（修饰人）-ed自己感到 interested, bored, relaxed-in

4、g令人感到interesting,boring,relaxinge.g. I am interested in this book. This is an interesting book.v.接受，收到（客观的收到）e.g. receive a letter (from sb.)This morning I receive a bunch of flowers.同义 accept同意，接受（主观）e.g. This morning I received a bunch of flowers but I didnt accept it.receivetake接受，收到e.g. take the

5、 exam, take adviceNew words.New wordsfirmn.商行，公司 law firm法律公司company公司 differentadj.不同的 same相同的adv.differently, n. differencee.g. be different from differences between A&B.New wordscentren.中心，中央（美式center）adj. central中央的，中心的e.g.in the centre (of spl), central park, the city centreabroadadv. 在国外e.

6、g. go abroad, study abroad live abroad, be abroad.Q: What can you see in the picture? Lead inQ: What happened to the man? Can you guess?.1. How long has Tim been in Australia?Listen and answer the question.New LessonTim has been in Australia for six months.2. What does he do in Australia?He is worki

7、ng for a big firm as an engineer.3. Why is Tim finding the trip exciting?Because Tim has never been abroad before. This is his first trip abroad.New Lesson An exciting tripI have just received a letter from my brother, Tim. He is in Australia. He has been there for six months. Tim is an engineer. He

8、 is working for a big firm and he has already visited a great number of different places in Australia. He has just bought an Australian car and has gone to Alice springs, a small town in the centre of Australia. He will soon visit Darwin. From there, he will fly to Perth. My brother has never been a

9、broad before, so he is finding this trip very exciting.Language points1. I have just received a letter from my brother.收到某人来信2.He is working for a big firm.get a letter from sb.have a letter from sb.hear from sb.在上班、任职,还可以用work at/ine.g.My father works for a business company.3. he has already visite

10、d a great number of different places in Australia. a number of+可数名词的复数，number前一般可用large, great, small等形容词强调数量大小。a great many of + 可数名词a great amount of + 不可数名词.Language points4. He has just bought an Australian car and has gone to Alice springs.He has gone to the south.(还在)He has been to the south.(

11、去过)5. He is finding this trip very exciting.find+n+adj.觉得怎么样e.g.I find the film disppointing. Do you find the book very interesting?.Summary writingAnswer these questions in not more than 50 words. What has the writer just received from his brother?2. Is Tim an engineer, or is he a doctor?3. How lon

12、g has he been in Australia?4. Has he already visited many places or not?5. Where is he now?6. Has Tim ever been abroad before or not?7. Is he enjoying his trip very much or not?.Summary writing The writer has just received a letter from his brother, Tim. Tim is an engineer. He has been in Australia

13、for six months. He has already visited many places. Now he is in Alice Springs. Tim has never been abroad before. He is enjoying his trip very much.现在现在完成完成时态时态WinterWinter has has alreadyalready comecome. .Grammar.现在现在完成完成时的构成形式时的构成形式 have done has助动词助动词过去过去分词分词Grammar.用来表示之前已经发生或完成的动作或状态，而其结果却和现用来

14、表示之前已经发生或完成的动作或状态，而其结果却和现在有联系在有联系: 动作或状态发生在过去动作或状态发生在过去,但它的但它的影响现在还存在影响现在还存在。 They have left. -他们已经离开了他们已经离开了,也就是说现在他们人不在这里也就是说现在他们人不在这里 I have had my lunch. -我已经吃过午饭了我已经吃过午饭了,也就是说我现在不饿也就是说我现在不饿现在现在完成完成时的含义时的含义也可表示也可表示持续到现在持续到现在的动作或状态。的动作或状态。 He has learned English since 2001. -从从2001年开始学的年开始学的,现在还在

15、继续学着呢现在还在继续学着呢.nowpastfuture一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时表示的是纯粹在过去发生的事情一般过去时表示的是纯粹在过去发生的事情现在完成时表示的是在过去某个时间开始并持续到现在现在完成时表示的是在过去某个时间开始并持续到现在的动作的动作/状态状态,或者发生在过去却对现在造成的影响或者发生在过去却对现在造成的影响Grammar. 现在完成时与一般过去时的比较现在完成时与一般过去时的比较 1）一般过去时一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作； 现在完成时现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的为过去发生的

16、，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。I saw this film yesterday.（强调看的动作发生过了。）（强调看的动作发生过了。）I have seen this film. (强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。）强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。）.2一般过去时一般过去时常与具体的表示过去的时间状语连用常与具体的表示过去的时间状语连用;现在完成时现在完成时通常与模糊时间状语连用或无时间状语。通常与模糊时间状语连用或无时间状语。一般过去时的时间状语一般过去时的时间状语: yesterday, last week，ago, in1990

17、, in October, just now, - 具体的时间状语具体的时间状语现在完成时的时间状语现在完成时的时间状语: for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in the past few years, recently, -模糊的时间状语模糊的时间状语句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时错错Tom has written a letter

18、 to his parents last night.对对Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.Grammar.3现在完成时现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态可表示持续到现在的动作或状态,动词一动词一般是延续性的般是延续性的,如如live,teach,learn,work,study, know. 一般过去时一般过去时常用的非持续性动词有常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。等。She joined the League three year

19、s ago.(加入的动作不是延续的加入的动作不是延续的)She has been in the League for three years (since three years ago).(在团内的状态可延续在团内的状态可延续)She has been a League member for three years (since three years ago).(是团员的状态可持续是团员的状态可持续)Grammar.延续动词表示经验、经历；延续动词表示经验、经历；瞬间动词表示行为的结果瞬间动词表示行为的结果,不能与表示一段不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。时间的状语连用。比较延续动词与瞬间动词

20、比较延续动词与瞬间动词 He has finished the work.他已完成了那项工作。他已完成了那项工作。 (表结果表结果)Ive known him since then.我从那时起就认识他我从那时起就认识他了。了。(表经历表经历)Grammar.since 用来说明动作起始时间用来说明动作起始时间 “自从自从”for用来说明动作延续时间长度用来说明动作延续时间长度 “长达长达”I have lived here for more than twenty years.I have lived here since I was born.My aunt has worked in a

21、company since 1949. I have not heard from my uncle for a long time.比较比较since和和for并非有并非有for 作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时I worked here for more than twenty years. (我现在已不在这里工作。我现在已不在这里工作。)I have worked here for many years. (现在我仍在这里工作。现在我仍在这里工作。)Grammar.He has gone to Shanghai.他他(已经已经)去上海了。去上海了。He h

22、as been to Shanghai.他他(曾经曾经) 去过上海。去过上海。比较比较 have/has been to , have/has gone toGrammar.He died 10 years ago. - He _ _ _ for 10 years / since 10 years ago.2. He borrowed the book 2 weeks ago. - He _ _ the book for 2 weeks.3. He bought the motorbike a month ago. -He _ _ the motorbike for a month.4. He

23、 arrived here three days ago. - He _ _ here since three days ago.5. They turned off the light 2 hours ago. - The light _ _ _ for 2 hours.6. He left here 2 years ago. - He _ _ _ from here for 2 years.7. The film began 30 minutes ago. - The film _ _ _ for 30 minutes.8. They opened the door an hour ago

24、. - The door _ _ _ for an hour.9. They closed the door an hour ago. - The door _ _ _ for an hour.10. He joined the army last year. - He _ _ a _ for a year. - He _ _ _ the army for a year. - It _ a year _ he joined the army. 延续性延续性动词和动词和瞬间性瞬间性动词之间的转化动词之间的转化Exercise.sum up一、现在完成时1)构成肯定句：主语+have/has+过去分词+其它否定句：主语+have/has not+过去分词+其它疑问句：Have