2018年江苏高考英语专题一语法知识：第4讲动词与动词短语(共10页)

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上第4讲动词与动词短语1Working with the medical team in Africa has_ the best in her as a doctor.(2017·江苏，25)Aheld out Bbrought outCpicked out Dgiven out答案B解析句意为：在非洲与医疗队的合作使她作为一名医生的最佳素质彰显了出来。hold out伸出，坚持；bring out使显现，使表现出；pick out挑选出，辨认出；give out分发，发出。2A quick review of successes and failures

2、at the end of year will help _ your year ahead.(2017·江苏，30)Ashape BswitchCstretch Dsharpen答案A解析句意为：到了年底，快速回顾一下自己的成功和失败，这会有助于你为未来的一年做好规划。shape影响(某事物的发展)，符合语境。switch转换，转变；stretch变大，拉长；sharpen使变锋利，使增强。3Mr and Mrs Brown would like to see their daughter _，get married，and have kids.(2017·天津，5)As

3、ettle down Bkeep offCget up Dcut in答案A解析句意为：布朗夫妇希望看到女儿安顿下来(settle down)，结婚成家，生儿育女。keep off使避开，不接近；get up起床，站起来；cut in插嘴，打断别人说话。4He did not _ easily，but was willing to accept any constructive advice for a worthy cause.(2016·江苏，25)Aapproach BwrestleCcompromise Dcommunicate答案C解析句意为：他不轻易妥协，但他很乐意接受对

4、一项崇高事业的任何建设性的建议。compromise妥协，符合句意。5Many businesses started up by college students have _ thanks to the comfortable climate for business creation.(2016·江苏，30)Afallen off Btaken off Cturned off Dleft off答案B解析句意为：由于良好的创业环境，许多大学生的创业项目已经成功。take off成功，起飞，符合句意。fall off跌落，下降；turn off关掉；leave off停止(做)某事

5、，戒掉，均不符合题意。6Parents should actively urge their children to _ the opportunity to join sports teams.(2016·江苏，33)Again admission to Bkeep track ofCtake advantage of Dgive rise to答案C解析句意为：父母应积极督促孩子抓住机会加入运动队。take advantage of利用，符合句意。gain admission to获准进入；keep track of与保持联系；give rise to引起，导致，均不符合题意。7

6、We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our differences unite，rather than _ us.(2016·浙江，8)Adivide BrejectCcontrol Dabandon答案A解析句意为：当我们学会求同存异，而非对立分歧时，我们会收获颇多。divide分开；reject拒绝；control控制；abandon放弃，抛弃。根据句意可知选A。8When their children lived far away from them，these old people felt _ from the world.(

7、2016·浙江，12)Acarried away Bbroken downCcut off Dbrought up答案C解析句意为：当孩子们住得离他们很远时，这些老人们感觉与外界隔离了。carry away带走，夺走；break down抛锚，垮掉；cut off切断，隔离；bring up抚养，提出。 根据句意可知选C。9When the time came to make the final decision for a course，I decided to apply for the one that _ my interest.(2016·浙江，14)Alimit

8、ed BreservedCreflected Dspoiled答案C解析句意为：当最后决定选一门课程时，我决定申请那门反映我兴趣的课程。reflect反映，体现，符合语境。limit限制；reserve预订，保留；spoil毁掉，溺爱。10Mary was silent during the early part of the discussion but finally she _ her opinion on the subject.(2016·天津，8)Agave voice to Bkept an eye onCturned a deaf ear to Dset foot o

9、n答案A解析句意为：玛丽在讨论初期保持了沉默，但最终还是提出了对这一话题的看法。give voice to意为“表达对的想法”，符合语境。keep an eye on照看，留意；turn a deaf ear to对充耳不闻；set foot on进入，参观。11I hate it when she calls me at workIm always too busy to _ a conversation with her.(2016·天津，14)Acarry on Bbreak intoCturn down Dcut off答案A解析句意为：我讨厌工作时她给我打电话我一直很忙，没

10、时间与她进行谈话。carry on意为“进行，继续”，符合语境。break into打断，闯入；turn down调低，拒绝；cut off停止，中断。12Schools should be lively places where individuals are encouraged to _ to their greatest potential.(2015·江苏，22)Aaccelerate BimproveCperform Ddevelop答案D解析句意为：学校应该是鼓励个人发展他们最大潜力的、充满活力的地方。accelerate加速；improve改善；perform执行；d

11、evelop发展。13The university started some new language programs to _ the countrys Silk Road Economic Belt.(2015·江苏，27)Aapply to Bcater forCappeal to Dhunt for答案B解析句意为：大学开始开设一些新的语言项目，以迎合国家的丝绸之路经济带。apply to 适用于，申请；cater for 迎合，满足所需；appeal to 呼吁，上诉；hunt for 搜寻。14The whole team _ Cristiano Ronaldo，and

12、 he seldom lets them down.(2015·江苏，29)Await on Bfocus onCcount on Dcall on答案C解析句意为：整个球队依靠克里斯蒂亚诺·罗纳尔多，而他很少让他们失望。wait on 服侍，等待；focus on 集中于，关注；count on依靠，指望；call on 拜访，号召，呼吁。15Studies have shown that the right and left ear _ sound differently.(2015·浙江，5)Aproduce BpronounceCprocess Ddown

13、load答案C解析句意为：研究表明左右耳处理声音的方式不同。process加工，处理，符合语境。produce生产，制作，创作；pronounce发音；download下载。16If steel is heavier than water，why are ships able to _ on the sea？(2015·浙江，16)Afloat BdrownCshrink Dsplit答案A解析句意为：如果钢铁比水重的话，那为什么轮船能够浮在海面上？float漂浮，符合语境。drown淹没，(使)溺死；shrink(使)收缩，(使)缩小；split (使)裂开，(使)破裂。17If

14、you come to visit China，you will_ a culture of amazing depth and variety.(2015·安徽，22)Adevelop BcreateCsubstitute Dexperience答案D解析句意为：如果你来访问中国，你将体验到有着惊人的深度和多元化的文化。develop开发；create创造；substitute替代；experience经历，体验。18The team are working hard to _ the problem so that they can find the best solution.

15、(2015·湖北，23)Aface BpreventCraise Danalyze答案D解析句意为：这个团队正在努力分析这个问题，以便他们能找到最好的解决方法。根据题干中的find the best solution可知，在找到最好的解决方法之前应该是先努力“分析(analyze)”问题。face面对；prevent阻止；raise提高。19In order not to be heard，she pointed her finger upwards to _ that someone was moving about upstairs.(2015·湖北，24)Awhisp

16、er BsignalCdeclare Dcomplain答案B解析句意为：为了不让别人听到自己的声音，她竖起手指示意有人正在楼上走动。根据题干中的pointed her finger upwards可知，她只是竖起手指示意，并没有出声。signal意为“示意”，所以答案选B项。whisper低语；declare宣布；complain抱怨。20If you have any doubts about your health，youd better_ your doctor at once.(2015·天津，11)Aconvince BconsultCavoid Daffect答案B解析

17、句意为：如果你对自己的健康状况有所怀疑的话，你最好马上咨询医生。consult请教，咨询，找(医生)诊治，符合语境。convince使相信，使明白；avoid避免；affect影响。1有些动词，如feel，look，taste等，既可用作系动词，又可用作实义动词，怎么判断呢？系动词常跟形容词作表语；实义动词则常用副词作状语；系动词一般不用进行时，但在表示语意客气、生动、亲切时，可用进行时。The newly-invented drinking tastes quite unique.这种新研制的饮料尝起来挺独特的。(系动词)The chef is tasting the fish carefu

18、lly.厨师正在仔细地品尝这条鱼。(实义动词)2run out/run out of的区别：run out是不及物动词短语，无被动语态，主语通常是表示时间、食物、金钱等的名词；run out of是及物动词短语，相当于use up，主语通常为人。My money ran out.我的钱花完了。I ran out of my money.我把钱花完了。3具体语境中对动词“熟词生义”的考查。如下列单词的“熟词生义”：ache渴望；address在上写地址；appreciate理解，意识到；count有价值；cover足以支付；develop逐渐形成；draw推断出；escape被忘掉；fail使失

19、望，衰退；invite招致；observe遵守，庆祝；push督促；promise预示；part分手，放弃；read写着；relate讲述；say假设；walk遛等。4常见的基础词汇如get，take，put，break，look，call等构成的短语一直是高考考查的重点。如：If the new safety system had been put to use，the accident would never have happened.句中put.to use是固定搭配，意为“利用/使用”。As their children lived far away from them，these

20、old people felt cut off from the world.此句中的cut off意为“隔绝，隔离”。1Roger trained hard for the tournament for months，but unfortunately he had to _ due to a knee injury.(2017·苏北六市联考，32)Apull out Bwork outCtry out Dgive out答案A解析句意为：Roger为了这次锦标赛艰苦训练了好几个月，但不幸的是，由于膝伤，他不得不退出。work out计算出，锻炼；try out试验，选拔；give

21、 out散发，分发，用完。pull out退出，(使)离开，符合语境，故选A项。2If you want to go further in the new sport，the best way is to _ and practise more frequently.(2017·南通、扬州、泰州、淮安三模，22)Adive in Bdrop outCcatch on Dspring up答案A解析句意为：如果你想在这项新的运动上走得更远，最好的方法就是热切地投入和更加频繁地练习。dive in热切地加入，符合句意。drop out退出，辍学；catch on流行起来；spring u

22、p突然出现。故选A项。3If you manage to survive the crisis，think about how it will help you _ new challenges.(2017·镇江期末，30)Agive up Btake upChold up Dput up答案B解析句意为：如果你设法在危机中幸存下来，思考一下它将如何帮助你接受新的挑战。take up接受，拿起，举起，占据(空间或时间)，开始从事，符合句意。give up放弃；hold up举起，支撑，耽搁，延误；put up举起，升起，设立，建造，提供住宿，张贴，悬挂。故选B项。4You would

23、nt normally _ these two writers；their styles are completely different.(2017·泰州中学摸底考试，27)Adistinguish BassociateCadjust Ddivorce答案B解析句意为：你通常不会把这两位作家联系在一起，他们的风格完全不同。associate把联系在一起，使有关系，符合题意。distinguish区别，区分；adjust调整，校准；divorce离婚，使分离。5Sharing a flat with someone helps ease ones loneliness，but liv

24、ing alone _ me，for I can play music as loud as I want.(2017·泰州中学摸底考试，30)Acaters to Brefers toCappeals to Dresponds to答案C解析句意为：和某人共享一个公寓有助于缓解孤独感，但独居对我更有吸引力，因为我可以将音乐播放到我想要的那样响。appeal to sb.对某人有吸引力，符合句意。cater to款待，为服务；refer to参考，指的是；respond to响应，回应。6As its economy is maturing，Chinas _ a greater ro

25、le in critical issues like climate and development.(2017·南京三模，30)Adefining BassumingCguaranteeing Dassuring答案B解析句意为：随着经济的成熟，在像气候和发展那样的重要问题上中国正在承担更大的作用。define定义，使明确；guarantee保证，担保；assure保证，确保。均不符合语境。assume承担，呈现，假定，认为，assume a greater role承担更大的作用，符合题意，故选B项。7The recently released film Kong：Skull I

26、sland successfully _ the audience to the adventure with Dolby 3-D technology.(2017·南京三模，35)Atransports BadjustsCtransforms Drelates答案A解析句意为：最近上映的电影金刚·骷髅岛成功地用杜比三维立体技术把观众带入了这次冒险经历中。adjust调节，适应；transform使改观，使变形；relate联系，均不符合语境。transport在此处表示“使产生身临其境的感觉”，符合语境，故选A项。8In the virtual laboratory en

27、vironment created in the VR app，students can _ a particular experiment before doing them in a real lab.(2017·苏锡常镇四市二模，29)Areveal BreserveCpreview Dprovide答案C解析句意为：在用虚拟现实应用程序创设的虚拟实验室环境中，学生们可以在真正的实验室实验之前预先进行某个特定的实验。根据before doing them in a real lab可知，此处指预先进行实验，preview预展，预演，符合语境。故选C项。9The Palace o

28、f Versailles，Frances national treasure，has _ many changes in its century-long history while keeping its beauty.(2017·苏锡常镇四市二模，23)Agone through Btaken onCled to Dshowed off答案A解析句意为：凡尔赛宫，法国的国宝，在它一个世纪的历史中，经历了许多变化却依然美丽。take on呈现，接纳；lead to导致；show off炫耀。go through经历，经受，此处注意动宾搭配，go through changes经历变

29、化，符合语境，故选A项。10Owing to The Chinese Poetry Competition，publications on classical Chinese literature are _ a significant share of storage space at the bookstore.(2017·苏锡常镇四市二模，31)Ataking up Bdividing upCbreaking up Dputting up答案A解析句意为：得益于中国诗词大会节目的播出，有关中国经典文学的出版物占据了书店存储空间的重要位置。take up占据；divide up分

30、割；break up解散；put up提出。根据句意可知，答案为A。11Friendship does not merely _ a sharing of activities；it is a sharing of self on a very personal level.(2017·苏州调研，23)Ainvolve BrequestCassociate Ddeliver答案A解析句意为：友谊并不仅仅包含一起参加活动；它还是一种从非常个人的角度对自我的分享。involve包含，需要，使成为必然部分(或结果)，符合句意。request要求，请求；associate联系，联想；deli

31、ver递送，运送，发表(讲话)，接生。12I think the experiment supports my theory，but I need to _ the results a couple of times to make sure that no mistakes were made while collecting the data.(2017·苏州调研，27)Aget over Btake overChand over Dgo over答案D解析句意为：我认为这个实验支持我的理论，但是我需要仔细检查几次结果以确保在收集数据的时候没有犯错。go over仔细检查，温习，

32、复习，符合句意。get over克服，战胜，恢复；take over接收，接管，控制；hand over交给，递给，移交。13I regret to tell you that the council did not _ our plan.Oh，what a shame！(2017·南京、盐城一模，29)Asmile on Bconcentrate onCsee through Dlive through答案A解析句意为：我遗憾地告诉你委员会不赞同我们的计划。哦，真可惜！smile on对加以称赞，对青睐，符合句意。concentrate on专心于，集中精力在上；see throu

33、gh看穿，识破；live through经历过，经受住，经历而幸存。14The computer program of the 1970s was unable to _ between letters and numbers.(2017·南通一模，31)Adiscriminate BconcludeCnegotiate Dcompensate 答案A解析句意为：20世纪70年代的电脑程序无法区分字母和数字。discriminate歧视，区别，辨别；conclude断定，结束；negotiate协商，谈判；compensate弥补，补偿。discriminate between le

34、tters and numbers区分字母和数字，符合题意，故选A项。15He could have put pressure on us to adopt his proposal.Yes，but he didnt _.(2017·苏锡常镇四市一模，25)Amake his way Bget his wayCgive his way Dfeel his way答案B解析句意为：他本可以对我们施加压力来采纳他的提议。是的，但是他并没有为所欲为。make ones way前进，行进；get ones way随心所欲，为所欲为；没有give ones way这种形式，只有give way to “给让路，被所取代”；feel ones way摸索着前进。根据句意选B项。16A recent research shows smoking and drinking _ with your bodys ability to process oxygen，thus greatly affecting your health.(2016·苏锡常镇四市二模，27)Aidentify Bcorrespon