八下英语期中复习(知识点梳理)教学文稿

1、八下中考 Unit 1-6 知识梳理Unit 1 What's the matter?【语法】 同义句问： What s the matter / trouble/ problem (with sb )?=What s your troubl/ematter/ problem?=What ' s up? = What happens to sb).?某人)出什么事了 ?=What s wrong (with sb )?(某人)怎么了？=Are you OK? 你没事吧？=Is there anything wrong with sb. ？某人有什么事吗？【辨析】 trouble

2、 【麻烦： make trouble 】 ; matter 【事情】 ;problem 【难度大： solve problem 】 ; question 【难度小： ask/ answer question】答： 某人 +have/has+a+headache/toothache/stomachache/backache/earache. 某人 +have/has+a+sore+发病部位.He has a sore throat.他喉咙痛。 某人+hurt(s)+身体部位或反身代词.He hurt his leg.他的腿受伤了。 某部位 +hurt(s). My head hurts badl

3、y 我头痛得厉害。 某人 +have/has+a pain+in one 身体部位， s+ I have a pain in my chest 我胸口痛。【语法】 should + 动原【四个句型】【重点词汇掌握】1. 反身代词： myself, yourself, himself, herself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves, oneself.2. (1) few +可名复，有否定意义。 (2)a few + 可名复， “几个，数个”，有肯定意义。(3) little +不可数 ， 有否定意义， “很少，几乎无” (4)a little +不可数，

4、“一些”，有肯定意。He has friends. 他有几个朋友。 He has friends. 他几乎没有朋友。 We stillhave time. 我们还有点时间。 There is time left. 几乎没剩下什么时间了。3. much too +adj./ adv. “太 ”， too much+U 名 ; too many + C 名，很多，大量There are noise in the classroom. There are old books in the library4. Also, too 与 either 三者都表示 “也”。但是用法有区别。(1) too 用

5、于肯定句，句末，有逗号隔开；句中，前后都加逗号。(2)also句中，be等助动词后，实义动词前。(3) either 用于否定句，句末，并用逗号隔开(4)neither 作代词 “两者都不 ”He is not there, . 他也不在那儿。 She learns English. 她也学英语。He likes English,. 她也喜欢英语。 You may use book. 两本书你可以随便用一本。answer is wrong. 两个答案都不对。 I don t like him. do I. 我不喜欢他。我也是。5. Be used to do sth. 被用来 Be/ get

6、used to doing sth. 习惯于 . Used to do sth. 过去常常做I used to (sleep) late, but now I used to (sleep) early. The pen is used to (write)6. Give up going sth. 放弃做某事【名】 matter, fever, cough, passenger, risk, kilo, rock, knife, spirit【动】 躺 lie, lying, lay; hit; hurt; break; mean;dieUnit 2 I ll help to clean t

7、he city parts.【语法】一般将来时复习 ： will do, be going to do ( 标志词： will; “-ll ” ; won t; tomorrow;next动词不定式： help to do; need to do; decide to do; want to do; used to do 【见附表DD】【重点词汇掌握】1. Alone （一个人的事实 live alone） , lonely （感觉孤独寂寞 lonely man） The man live in the country, but he never feel.2. Raise （筹集，raise

8、 money,外力升）,rise （自 己升 The sun rises up every day.）3. 短语：Cheer up使变得高兴，振奋起来Give away赠送，分发 Come true 实现Come up with= think of 想出，提出 Put off推迟 Call up 打电话给某人 Care for照顾, Make a difference 影响，有作用 Run out of用尽，耗尽 Give out分发，散发4. Sound （所有声音）/noise（噪音）/voice（人声音）5. care for照看；照顾；照料 =take care of =look af

9、terv.照顾，照料，照看6. such/ so词条词性用法常用结构such形容词修饰名词such a/an +形容词+可数名词单数no/any/ some/ all/ many 等 +such+ 名词such+除many/few之外的形容词+可数名词复数such +除much/little之外的形容词+ /、可数名词so程度副 词修饰形容词 或副词so+形容词+a/an +可数名词复数so+ many/few +可数名词复数so+ much/little+不可数名词词条是否接宾语用法achieve是主语一般为人”come true否主语一般是 梦想；理想”7. Help sb with st

10、h = help sb. do sth.帮助某人做某事8. 1）. stop doing sth 停止做某事 Please stop speaking 请停止讲话2） .stop to do sth 停下来去做另外一件事Please stop to talk.请停下来讲话-Can we stop（have） a rest?Oh, stop（talk） about this. You 've rest three times.9 .Take after, be like, look like, look after 区别Take after,【人品，品德，性格都像】 be like【人品

11、性格】，look like【外表】，look after【照顾】10 .for example 常接句子，用逗号隔开。such as常接词或短语，可和 and so on连用。 【名】 volunteer, sign, notice, joy, owner, letter, deaf, door, train, interest,【动】 volunteer,cheer, notice, feel, raise, repair, fix,miss, open, carry, understand, changeUnit 3 Could you please clean your room ?【语

12、法】Could引导的句子【四项】复习情态动词：can, could （能,可以）;must , have to （必须）;should, ought to（应该）;need（需要,必要）;may（可 能）；maybe（名,副词：也许，或许 ）;may be （情态动词:也许可能）;had better do （最好做）;【重点词汇掌握】1. 短语：Do chores 做家务 Do the dishes 洗餐具 in a mess; Take out 拿走；all the time= always 总是； as soon as; in order to 为了 ; depend on 依靠;tak

13、e care of= look after=care for 照顾;As a result 结果Make the bed整理床铺 Hang out闲逛，常去 At least至少A waste 0ftime浪费时间2. Borrow （借来,进）和lend （借给,出）3. fair n. fairness 公平；公正unfair 不公平4. in front of指在物体外部的前面in hospital住院和in the hospital在医院in the front of 指在物体内部的前面 .注意有the和没the的区别5. 【了 解】 get, turn, become, go, gr

14、ow1) . become好、坏两方面的变化He becomes a teacher.觊在已经是一位老师 )2) . get多用于口语，表示一种变化过程，强调 渐渐变得"，后常接形容词的比较级形式。It ' s getting darker outside.3) . turn指在颜色和性质等方面与以前的完全不同，强调变化的结果。Leaves turned brown .4) .表示向坏的变化的常用词组中用go (通常不用get)。 vegetables go bad菜变质5) . grow表示 逐渐变成新的状态”的含义。常指生长性的变化。My younger brother

15、is growing tall .我的弟弟渐渐长高了。【名】rubbish, floor, shirt, finger, neighbor, ill,【动】fold; sweep; throw; pass; borrow ; lend ； hate; waste; provide ; depend; develop,dropUnit 4 Why don ' t you talk to your parents?【语法】提建议的句子：(1) What about doing sth. ?=How about doing sth.?.怎么样？(2) Why don' t you d

16、o sth.?= Why not do sth= Why do/ does sb. do.?为什么不呢?(3) Let ' s do stb们一起做.。(4) Shall we/I do sth.? 我们做好吗？(5) had better do/not do sth.最好做 /不彳.(6) Will/Would you please do sth. 请你做 (7) Would you like to do sth.? 你想去.？ (8) Would you mind doing sth. ?你介意做.？ 【回答】(1).同意对方的建议时，一般用：(不包括mind )Good idea

17、. / That ' s goodidealOK/ All right. / Great. 好/行/太好了Yes, please. / I ' d loveto.我愿意 I agree with you.我同意你的看法No problem. Yes, I think so. 对，我也这样想 Sure./ Of course./ Certainly.当然可以(2).表示委婉谢绝时，一般用：I don ' t think s我认为不是这样Sorry, I can 1 't. d loveto, but 我愿意，但恐怕 I ' m afraid恐怕【语法】状语

18、从句分类：时间状语从句、原因状语从句、条件状语从句、结果状语从句、目的状语从句等。1. until引导的时间状语从句 until直到；在 之前"。和not.until "直到.才" We won' t start until Bob comeDon' t get off until the bus stops.2. so that引导的目的状语从句so that是连词， 为的是，以便”，引导目的状语从句。Let me take down your telephone number so that I can call you later.3. al

19、though引导的状语从句Although the book was old, we decided to buy it.尽管这本书很旧，我们还是决定买。【重点词汇掌握】【短语】Too many 太多 Be good at 擅长 Talk about 谈论 On the phone在电t中 Look through 快 速查看，浏览.Give back归还Big deal重要的事Thanks for因.而感谢 Work out成功地发展， 解决.Get on with 和睦相处，Communicate with sb.与.交谈 Next time 下次 Make friends 交朋友 Be

20、worried about 担心.Be afraid of 害怕 Cut out 删除，删去 All kinds of 各种各样的 In one's opinion 依.看 instead of 而不是，代替 Want to do sth,想要做某事 .Find sb. doing sth. Tell sb. to do sth. Refuse to do sth. Let sb. do sth. Offer to do sth.Not.until. Want sb. to do sth. It'stime for sth. It's + adj. + to do st

21、h. Keep on doing1. allow sb to do sth 允许 My parents don 't allow me( stay)up late.我父母不允许我熬夜。2. angry adj.生气的 一 angrily adv.生气地1) . be angry with sb. =be mad at sb.对某人生气【with 后接人】2) .be angry at/about sth.对某事感到生气【at后接事】3) get on with 1).(事情)进展 2).与友好相处get on with sb. =get along with sb.= be good

22、with和某人和睦相处；和某人关系良好get on well/ badly with 相处的好 /坏4) compete v 竞争；对抗 f competition n 竞争1) . compete against/ with 与竞争 We can ' compete with them on price.2) . compete for 为参力口比赛 Thirty people had to compete for only ten openings.3) . compete in ,参力口竞争， 在 上竞争、 比赛 Five children competed in the rac

23、e. 三 opinion5.1).compare - with 把与.做比较 And they are always comparing them with other children.2). compare- to 把.比做People often compare the life to a stage.6 .perhaps , probably , possibly , maybe 辨析1) . perhaps意为 也许，可能"，一般指比较力画可能性。2) . probably很'可能，大概”，其一能性最大，表示一种几乎完全肯定的意旧、。3) . possibly意为

24、何能，或许，也许"，可能性较大。4) . Maybe副词或许，大概”，主要用于非正式场合，常用在口语中，语气比perhaps轻。5) . may be情态动词+ be结构，"也许”Maybe you put the letter in your basket.或许你把信放在你的篮子里了。7 . argue with sb. 与某人争吵argue about sth.争论某事argue against 争辩；反对argument n 争论 have an argument with sb.与某人辩论【名】 wrong, relation, cloud, pressure, o

25、pinion, skill, development , cause【动】 Allow ; guess; deal; communication ; argue; communicate; explain ; copy; return ; complete; continue ; compare ; push【形】 elder, nervous, typical, crazy, clear, usual, quick, secondUnit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?【语法】过去进行时was/ were doing sth.【标

26、志词；四项句式】【重点词汇掌握】短语：Go off 离开 pick up 捡起 fall asleep 睡着 in silence 沉默 take down 记下 at first 首先 be in control of 掌管掌控 Wait for 等候 Look for 寻找 Make sure 确保 Have fun (in) doing sth 玩的开心 die down 逐渐变弱，逐渐消失 Take photos照相Turn on / down调大、小Right away立刻，马上Because of 因为 Make one's way to 费力前往 Tell the tru

27、th 说实话 Point out 指出 Three times a week 一周三次 Be busy doing sth .忙于做某事 See sb. doing sth.看某人做某事 Try to do sth.努力做某事 Have trouble (in) doing sth.做某事有困难1. Begin to do 和 begin doing 的区别1) .主语是物不是人：It begin to rain; The ice begins to melt2) . 本身为 ing 形式： He is beginning to realize the importance of learni

28、ng English.3) .其后动词与想法、感情有关：They began to understand each other.4) . to do表示一次性的动作；而 doing表示习惯性、长期性的动作。2. (1) also也，用于肯定句句中，用在实义动词之前，系动词、助动词、情态动词之后。(2) too也，用于肯定句句末，需要加一个逗号。(3) either也，通常放于否定句末(4) as well也，通常也放在句末，可以和 too互换。3. against倚；碰；撞，反对【反义词follow 4. (1) at first = at the beginning 最初，开始(强调在时间顺

29、序或做某事过程等开始之初)(2) first of all 首先，第一 (表明陈述事情的重要性 )Ben could not sleep at first.5.die down 和 die out 的区别。die down往往指火势由强到弱慢慢熄灭，植物慢慢死亡这一过程；die out则指熄灭这一事实，不及 die down普遍。指火的熄灭时，用 die down或die out皆可。含义用法ag例句everywhere处处；到处；各个地二j可用于任何句式We have many friends everywhere in the worldsomewhere某个地方多用于肯定句中You ca

30、n go somewhere you like to.anywhere任何地方否定句 疑问句You can ' t go anywhereCan I go anywhere I choose1.1. 复习】词义辨析：1) join /join in/ take part in 2) get/ reach/ arriveWe want to the running, do you want to us?(2)Do you want to the school sport meeting?(3)I in China at 8:00, then I found a car to to a b

31、us station, so I could take No.5 bus. Ifinally there at 12:00.7. remember to do sth 与 remember doing sth 【复习：forget to do 没做 / forget doing 做过】remember to do sth记得要去做某事(此事还未做)remember doing sth记得做过某事(此事已做完)Jim, remember(lock) the door before you leave for home.I remember(lock) the door before I go h

32、ome.8. wood 1)不可数，木头，木材"apiece of woocH块木头2)可数名词，意为 树林“，常用复数 She is afraid of walk through the woods at night.9. fall asleep意为进入梦乡，睡着"反义词：wake up意为醒来，把。弄醒”10. the rest of乘I余'的。 "Tom is from England and the rest of us are from China.11. silence不可数名词，意为 沉默，缄默，无声”，常用短语：in silence沉默，无

33、声 silent 形容词 寂静的， 无声的 "She is eating dinner in silence.12. have trouble (in) doing sth. 意为 做某事有困难或麻烦 ”have fun = have a good time= enjoy oneself 玩的开心， 作乐 Have fun doing sth. 做某事很有趣13. close 1)形容词，意为 亲密的，亲近的，近的 "Jenny is one of my close friends.2)动词，意为 关闭"Close the door, please.14. ove

34、r介词，意为 多于；超过(某数量，时间，价钱等)”=more than Over结束"Class is over.15. mean (meant, meant) 及物动词，意为 意思是"What does this word mean?Meaning名词，意为 意思，含义”(既可数也不可数)What is the meaning of this word?16. passage n.章，节，段落【名】 alarm, storm, light, report, area, wood, window, match, kid, passage, pupil, date, towe

35、r, truth【动】 alarm, begin, match, report, beat, rise, raise, realize, fall,Unit 6 An old man tried to move the mountains.1. speak, tell, talk、say 辨析(1) speak指说话的能力 或说某种语言，强调说的动作，不是所说的内容 speak English(2) tell告诉；讲述，强调讲给别人听。单方讲 tell sb. sth.告诉某人某事；tell sb. about sth.告诉某人关于某事；tell sb. (not) to do sth.告诉某

36、人(不要)做某事talk指连续不断地讲话，交谈，侧重两者之间相互说话。talk with /to sb. ; talk about(4) Say用作及物动词，强调 说话的内容 say it in English.用英语说记1 (1)说某种语言用speak speak English说英语(2) 与某人交谈用 talk talk with sb.= talk to sb. 与某人交谈(3) 强调说话内容用 say say it in English 用英语说(4) 告诉某人用 tell tell sb. to do sth 告诉某人做某事2. silly ， foolish, stupid,(1

37、) foolish 无头脑的、 缺乏常识的 、缺乏判断能力的。 (2) Stupid 指 “智力差 的”、 “反应迟钝 的 ” 。 (3) Silly 指 “头脑简单 、不懂事的 ” 、 “傻头傻脑的 ” 。Don t be!别傻！ He is to throw away such a chance.Mary made a mistake. 玛丽犯了一个笨拙的错误。3. other 其他的，后跟名词，没有数量限制(泛指 ). the other 另一个，两者中的另一个Others 一些 (人) someothers 一些一些the others 其余的，指在一个范围内的其他全部another 另一个； 另外的 只能修饰可数名词的单数.表示三者以上的不确数中的另一个.(1) I have two p