李阳突破语法

1、突破语法 第一章、非谓语动词 一 不定式当主语（不定式可以作名词用，在句中担任主语）1. A: To become President of the United States used to be my goal.B: I think every American kid has dreamed about that.A: To be a leader in your own city is a lot more realistic.B: True, but it's also less glamorous.2. It isn't right to gossip about

2、others.3. It is not an easy thing to master a language.4. How would it be to start tomorrow?5. It cost me a lot of money to have the car repaired.6. It made us very angry to hear him talk like that.7. It was beyond me to help them. 二不定式当表语（不定式在句中作表语，起名词的作用）1. A：My wish is to be a doctor. What about

3、yours?B: My wish is to be a billionaire! 三 be + 不定式（在主语为人时，可表示义务、计划或可能、希望 等将要发生的事）1. A: Where are we to meet?B: We are all supposed to meet at the gate at 7:00. 四不定式动宾语（不定式可以在句中充当动词的宾语） 1 A： He offered to help me, but I refused.B: You are so independent. I admire you!2. A: I want to find a new job.B

4、: Why? Don 'tyou like the job you have now? It 's hard to find a new job these days.3. We found it impossible to get everything finished in time.4. She thought it unnecessary to argue with him at the meeting.5. Don't you think it better to translate this way?6. All these worries made it

5、impossible for her to concentrate on her work.7. The teacher made it a rule to speak only English in class.8. She felt it stupid for him to talk that.五 不定式当宾语补足语（不定式可以与动词及其宾语构成复合结 构，此时不定式作宾语的补足语）1 A：Who taught you to drive?B: I taught myself!六不定式当宾语（不定式可以用作形容词，在句中充当定语。与形 容词不同的是，不定式作宾语都是后置，放在所修饰的词之后）

6、1. A：Li was the first to arrive.B: Really? That's not like him. He's always the last one to arrive. 七不定式当定语（不定式可以用作副词，在句中充当状语，表示目 的、结果或原因）1 A：I 'lldo everything I can to help you.B: You're really very kind to say so.2. A: What have I said to make you so upset?B: Everything you say ma

7、kes me upset. You are too heartless!八. 不定式当状语（不定式作状语有一些常见的固定结构，女口： enoughto, in order to, so as to, only to, tooto 等）1. A： He is old enough to make his own decision.B: I know he is old enough, but he is not smart enough!2. A: You'd better work harder in order to catch up with the others.B: I kno

8、w. I'm working on it.3. A: That book is too hard for him to read.B: I don 'tthink so.九. 不定式作独立成分（不定式可以在句中充当独立成分，用来说明 说话人的态度，对全句进行解释）1. A： To tell the truth, I have no money with me.B: Then why did you invite me to lunch?A: Because I need someone to pay the bill!2. To be honest, I don'tli

9、ke western food.3. To be frank, you need to lose weight.4. To be blunt,thats'a stupid idea.5. To tell the truth, I don'twant to go.十.疑问词 + 不定式（这种不定式结相当于一个名词从句，常与以下动词连用： tell, show, know, decide, teach, learn, discuss, wonder,remember, find out, expla in, forget 等）1A：Have you decided whether

10、to go or not?B: I really want to go, but I just don 'thave enough money to buy a ticket.2. A: Umm, I don 'k now how to tell you this exactly, but umm B: Spit it out. What'sthe problem?十一、不带 to 的动词不定式1. A: I heard him ding but wished I hadn't!B: Is he really that bad?2. A: Mother alwa

11、ys makes me do what I don'twant to do.B: Parents think they have the right to make their kids do anything.十二、动名词当主语1. A: Working on computers is his hobby.B: Really? My hobby is working on cars.十三、动名词当表语1. A: My hobbies are reading good books and listening to music.B: Really? I thought your hobb

12、y was chasing girls.十四、动名词当宾语1. A: He should appreciate having such a nice teacher.B: Forget it, he doesn'tappreciate anything.十五、动名词和动词不定式作宾语的区别 (remember, forget, regret, try等词后)1. A: I remember meeting her, but I forgot her name.B: Try to remember, I want you to introduce me to her. Sh'es

13、 beautiful!2. I remember seeing her somewhere, but I do'nt know her name.3. Remember to call me as soon as you get home.4. I forget buying this book. I 'm not sure when I bought it, maybe last year?5. I always forget to lock the door when I leave the office.6. I regret not having accepted yo

14、ur7. I regret to tell you I can't give you any help.8. A: Try studying for an hour as soon as you wake up in the morning.B: I can't even remember my name when I wakeup n the morning.9. Try to find Jim 's phone number for me. I need to call him. 十六、动名词当介词宾语 （动名词除了作动词宾语 ,也可放在介词后作 介词宾语）1. A

15、: Are you interested in working for us?B: Yes, I am. If you hire me I'll do my best.十七、动名词的逻辑主语 （也就是动作的执行者 ,可用所有格或宾格表 示）1. A: I appreciate your telling me that.B: I just wanted you to have all the facts!2. A: His wife is going to be angry with him for being so late.B: At least he has a wife to c

16、are for him.十八、使用动名词的固定结构（feel like, cannot help, go等+动名词）1. A: I feel like going to bed early tonight.B: You're pretty tired, huh?A: Yeah, but I cannot help worrying about tomorrow.B: Well, just try to get some sleep.2. A: Would you like to go shopping with me after work?B: Great idea. I 'd

17、love to go shopping tonight. There are great sales in all the stores now.十九、分词作表语 （现在分词作表语多表示主语所具有的特征，过去 分词作表语一般表示主语所处的状态）1A：The food smells so inviting.B: I'llbet it tastes even better than it smells!2. A: I was bored by her endless bragging.B: Everyone was bored by her and her stupid stories!

18、二十、分词作定语 （单个分词作定语一般前置，分词短语作定语一般 后置）1A：He is a promising young man.B: What makes you so sure of that?2. A: I can'tbelieve you didn'thave a written contract!B: I know I was so stupid. I trusted his promise!一、分词作宾语补足语（分词可以和动词及其宾语构成复合结构，现在分词一般强调动作正在进行，过去分词则表示被动含义）1 A：I heard some girls gossiping

19、 about you.B: It 's not true!A: Oh, too bad. They said you were a nice guy.2. A: I had my pocket picked.B: I 'm sorry to hear that.How much money did you lose? 二十二、分词作状语（现在分词短语作状语时通常表示主语正在进行 的另一动作；过去分词通常说明主语的状态） 1A：Why didn 'tyou call me after work last night?B: I got home, feeling very

20、tired, and fell asleep while I was watching TV.2. A: He left the room angrily, frustrated by his examination.B: Did the teacher get upset with him? 二十三、独立主格结构（分词作状语时，如果分词的逻辑主语与句子 的主语不一样时， 可以在分词前加上分词的逻辑主语， 称为独 立结构，通常表示一种伴随的动作或情况）1 A：Weather permitting, we'll leave for Beijing tomorrow.B: Wow, tha

21、t'll be great!2. A: All the work finished, you can go home.B: I never thought we would get done with this project!第二章、简单句的五种句型一、主语 +不及物动词( S + Vi)1. A: Where do you live?B: I live in Guangzhou.二、主语 +连系动词 +表语( S + V + P)1. A: It 's getting warmer year by year.B: That's because we do'n

22、t take care of the environment.三、主语+及物动词+宾语(S + V + O)1A: She knows what to do.B: Do you really think so? I 'm not so sure.四、主语 +及物动词 +间接宾语 +直接宾语( S + V + IO + DO)1 A: What did you get for Christmas?B: My father gave me a new Discman. It's great!五、主语 +及物动词 +宾语+宾语补足语( S + V + O + C)1. A: Jim

23、asked me to help him with his homework.B: He always depends on someone. He should be more independent. 第三章、倒装一、强调句It is / was +被强调部分+ that / who +.1. A: It is I who told your boss the truth.B: You're supposed to be my friend! I always cover for you!二、never, seldom, little, nor, hardly, scarcely,

24、 no sooner, not only等否定词在句首时的倒装（全句倒装）1A ： I can't stand really hot weather.B: Nor can I. I always feel tired.三、here 和 there 开头的倒装 1A ： Here comes the bus!B: There are too many people on that bus. Le'st wait for another.2. A: There goes my last chance!B: Then don't let it slip away.四、as 引

25、导的让步状语从句的倒装（表语放在句首）1A ： Student as he is, h'es started teaching his own English class.B: He 's really something. He's smart. and now he'll be rich too!五、虚拟条件句省略 if 时的倒装（助动词或情态动词放在句首） 1A ： Were I in your shoes, I would accept the job.B: But you aren 't, and you don't understan

26、d the situation. Keep your advice to yourself.六、表达祝愿、祝福等用语时使用倒装1A ： May you succeed in everything you do!B: Thank you!第四章、名词性从句一、that 引导的主语从句1A：It 's great that you got a scholarship. I think you should treat us to dinner.B: I think you should throw me a party to celebrate instead!二、whether 引导的主

27、语从句 1A ： Whether he will come or not is unknown.B: He likes to be mysterious. He never tells anyone his plans.三、疑问词引导的主语从句1A ： What I told you is between you and me.B: I promise I won 't breathe a word to anyone.四、that 引导的表语从句1A ： How was your trip to America?B: OK, but the problem is that no on

28、e there speaks Chinese.五、whether 引导的表语从句1A ： I really hope we can move to a better place.B: The question is whether we can afford a house.六、疑问词引导的表语从句 1A ： The question is who can take his place.B: I don 't think anyone can take his place. He really is one of a kind!七、that引导的宾语从句（that可省略） 1A：I t

29、hink that Kim is a good teacher.B: You can say that again!八、whether / if 引导的宾语从句1A：Do you know if Jim went there last night?B: Sure, I saw him there acting like a big shot.九、疑问词引导的宾语从句1A ： I wonder what Kim has planned for tonight.B: Beats me. You should ask her out. 十、 that 引导的同位语从句1A ： The rumor t

30、hat there'll be a company merger spread quickly.B: I 'm sure it did. People in our company love to gossip. 十一、 whether 引导的同位语从句1A ： We haven't decided the question whether he is capable or not.B: The only way to decide is to give him a chance and see what he can do.第五章 状语从句一、时间状语从句(由 whe

31、n, while, as, since, after, before, till, until 等引导 )1. A: When I get my big raise, I'm going to buy a Mercedes Benz.B: Don 't count your chickens before they are hatched.2. A: When are you going to come see my new house?B: I will come when I have time.3. A: Are you ready for the exam today?

32、B: No. While I was studying last night, I fell asleep.4. A: Do I hear your new boss singing?B: He always sings as he works.5. A: I want you to take out this garbage!B: I 'lldo it after I finish this work.6. A: How long have you lived in this apartment?B: I've lived here since I came to this

33、city.7. A: Do you want to leavethat package for Mr.Li?B: I 'll wait till he arrives and give it to him in person.二、地点状语从句（由 where, wherever 等引导） 1 A：I can't believe you saved enough money to go abroad!B: Where there is a will, there is a way.2. A: She follows him whereever he goes.B: I know,

34、 she is just like his shadow.三、条件状语从句（有 if, unless 等引导） 1 A：If you use your head, you'll find a way.B: Thanks for your advice,but I know that.2. A: You will not pass the examination unless you study hard.B: I know that. I just don 't have enough time to study.四、让步状语从句（由 though, although, eve

35、n if, whether 等引导） 1 A: How was the weather in Beijing?B: It was not very cold although it was snowing.2. A: Though he was very tired, he did not give up.B: I really admire his determination.3. A: I 'll keep my business going even if I have to sell my house.B: Then you'd better look for a ne

36、w wife!4. A: I 'm going whether you like it or not.B: Your threats don't scare me.五、原因状语从句（由 because, sin ce, as, for, now tha等弓丨导） 1A：I didn'tgo because it rained.B: Haven'tyou ever heard of an umbrella?2. A: As you are evidently very busy, I will not waste your time.B: Thank you fo

37、r noticing. I'lltake to you when I have a chance.3. A: Since you are going, I will go too.B: I guess I don'thave to bother to invite you then.4. A: Now that you have finished your work, you may go.B: Thank goodness for that!六、目的状语从句（由that, so that, sothat, i n order that等引导） 1A：Do you like m

38、y new dress?B: Come closer, that I may see it better.2. A: I 'm giving my boy a goodeducation so that he can more easily copewith life 's difficulties.B: Education is the only gift you can never lose or have taken away from you.3. A: Betty got up early in order that she might catch the early

39、 train.B: What time does the early train leave?七、结果状语从句（由 that, so that, sothat, suchthat, so等引导）1A：I am so sleepy that I can't keep my eyes open.B: What did you do last night?2. A: It is such beautiful weather that I don'tlike to stay in the office.B: If only the boss let us take some time

40、off!3. A: How did Jim become so successful? He was always a poor student!B: He worked very hard, so （that） he become rich in a very short time.八、方式状语从句（由as引导）1A：Kim, whyare you eating with chopsticks?B: When in Rome, do as the Romans do.2. A: Why did you throw away all those papers from my desk?B: I

41、 did as you told me.第六章、定语从句一、关系代词 who, that, which 作主语的定语从句（关系代词在句中替代先行词，用作主语）1A: Everyone that knowns him likes him.B: But they don'treally know him as well as I do.2. A: Did you read that book? What's it about?B: The book is about a girl who falls in love with a thief.3. A: I was somethin

42、g in the paper which would interest you.B: Really? What was it?二、关系代词 whom, that, which 作宾语的定语从句（关系代词在从1 A: The fax that I received from him yesterday is very important.B: What did it say?2. A: Where is the book （which） I bought this morning?B: I'm not your mother! I don't keep track of your

43、 things!3. A: Who's that guy （whom） you brought to the party last night?B: He's my new boyfriend. Isn't he handsome?三、whose 引导的定语从句（关系代词在从句中充当定语） 1 A：What was the movie about that you saw last night?B: The movie is about a spy whose wife betrays him.2. A: Would you like an ocean or a gar

44、den view?B: I'd like a room whose window looks out over the sea.四、who, which 引导的非限制性定语从句（从句不直接限定主句， 只对先行词或主句作附加说明）1 A: I prefer to ask John, who is a very clever guy, what I should do.B: I don 't think he's that clever. He just likes to talk to a lot. He is two faced and I don't trus

45、t him.2.A: The 8:15 train, which is usually on time, was late today.B: I know, and I missed a very important appointment!3. A: Why did you pay for Stone's lunch again?B: He said he had no money, which was not true.五、as引导的定语从句（通常引导非限制性定语从句，在such as1 A: Do you know a trick to help me learn English

46、?B: As we all know, there is no shortcut to learning English.2. A: This book is not such as I expect.B: I know, it is much more interesting thaan most grammar books.六、when, where, why 引导的定语从句（关系副词在从句中作状语） 1. A: Why are you so attached to this old house?B: This is the house where I was born.2. A: I &

47、#39;ll never forget the day when I met you.B: How many girl have heard that?3. A: Hi, Kim, what 's new?B: The reason why I 'm calling you is to invite you to a party.七、介词 + which, whom 引导的定语从句（关系代词在句中替代先 行词，充当介词宾语，将介词放在关系代词前）1. A: There are two classes from which to choose.B: Choose the chea

48、pest one please, sincIe'm the one paying for it.2. A: This is the author of whom we've often talked.B: He's really more handsome than I expected. Most authors are'tnthat attractive.第十七章、虚拟语气 一、与现在事实相反的虚拟语气（从句中使用一般过去时，主句中由 would / should 等 + 动词原形）1. A: If you loved me, you wouldn '

49、;tsay that.B: If you loved me, you wouldn 't get upset at every little thing I say!2. A: If I could help you, I would help you. But I 'm not sure what to do.B: That 'sOK. I know you would help me if you could.二、与过去的事实相反的虚拟语气（从句中使用过去完成时，主句中 由 would / should 等 + have + 过去分词）1. A: You would

50、n't have met her if it hadn't been for me.B: Yeah, and my life wouldn't be so miserable now if it hadn't been for you!三、与将来事实相反或实现的可能性不大的虚拟语气 （从句中使用一 般过去时或 should / were to 等 + 动词原形，主句中用 would / should / might 等 + 动词原形）1. A: If you were to miss the party, you would be sorry for it.B: Forget it. I go to a different party every night. This one isn't so special!四、虚拟语气中 if 的省略（条件句倒装） （省略从句中的 if ，把助动 词放在主语前）1. A: Were you in my position, you would do the same.B: I'm not that stupid!五、虚拟语气的错综时间（条件从句与主句所表示的时间不一致）1. A: If Jack had taken my advice, he would feel much be