深圳初中英语语法第1讲

1、第 1 讲一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时态 教学内容： 一般现在一般过去一般将来时。 教学目标： 熟练掌握一般现在一般过去一般将来时。 重点难点： 1、一般现在表将来； 2、主将从现；3、will 和 be going to 的区别。 教学过程： 一）课前小测 （第一次课省略） 二）知识要点 1、关于时态 在英语中，由于谓语动作发生的时间不同，或表达不同时间存在的状态，谓语动词都要发生相应的变化。这些动词的变 化形式就叫做动词的时态。 英语中共有 16 种时态。初中阶段主要学习，掌握八种时态。 2、一般现在时 1) 构成 表动作 肯定：主语+动词原形/动词三单形式 ? I get up a

2、t 6 o clock every morning. ? He gets up at 6 o clock every morning. 否定：主语+ don t/doesn 动词原形 ? I don t get up at 6 o clock every morning. ? He doesn t get up at 6 o clock every morning. 疑问：Do/Does +主语+动词原形 ? Do you get up at 6 o clock every morning? ? Does she get up at 6 o clock every morning? 表状态 肯

3、定：主语 + am/is/are + 其它 ? I am a boy. ? He is a boy. ? We are boys. 否定：主语+ am/is/are + n ot +其它 ? I am not a boy. ? She is not a boy. ? We are not boys. 疑问：Am/ls/Are+ 主语+其它 Am I a boy? Is she a girl? Are you boys? 2） 用法 表示经常发生的动作、行为或存在的状态。 ? I go to school every day except Sun day. ? There are fifty s

4、tude nts in our class. 表示一种客观事实、普遍真理、格言等。 ? The Earth is round. ? The Earth goes arou nd the Sun. 表示按时间表、规定安排或计划好将要发生的动作。 ? The train starts at 7:30. 在条件状语从句和时间状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。 ? If you dont go soon, youll be late. ? I will wait for you un til you come back. 3） 时间标志词 ? always, usually, often, somet

5、imes, every week (day, year, month ),once a week, on Sun days 4) 动词的第三人称单数变化规则 动词三单加-S, take takes -s, -sh, -x, -ch, +es; wash washes 结尾右为辅加-y,变-y 为 i es； fly flies go, do 力廿上 es,如遇 have 变 has. do does go goes have has 3、一般过去时 1）构成 肯定句 否定句 疑问句 表动作 主语+动词过去时 ? I/You/She/We/They worked. 主语+did+not+动词原形

6、 ? I/You/She/They didn t w Did +主语+动词原形 ofk. Did you/he/they work? 表状态 主语 + was/were ? I/She/It/He was there. ? We/You/They were there. 主语 + was/were not ? I/She/It/He wasn t there ? We/You/They weren t ther Was/Were + 主语 +其它？ ? Was she/he/it there? e.? Were you/we/they there? 2）用法 表示在过去某一时间内发生的动作或存

7、在的状态，常与表示过去的时间状语连用 ? He left for Beiji ng yesterday morni ng. ? She was nt at home last ni ght. 表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。 ? I got up very early at that time. ? Mary always got up late at that time. 表示过去常常 used to do/be （现在不这样了） ? He used to dri nk alcohol.他过去喝酒。（意味着他现在不喝酒了。 ） ? I used to take a walk in the mo

8、r ning. 我过去是在早晨散步。 （现在不在早晨散步了） yesterday / the day before yesterday / the other day at the mome nt / at the age of / last ni ght /.ago once upon a time / this morning / just now / in the past one day 4）动词过去式变化规则 规则动词加-ed, 直去双改”请牢记 直 一般动词直接加 -3d want wa nted own ow ned 去 以不发音的 e 结尾的动词，去 e 再加-ed like

9、liked continue contin ued 双 以辅元辅结尾的动词，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加 -ed stop stopped 改 以辅音加 y结尾的动词，变 y为 i，再加-ed study studied 不规则动词过去式 am, is-was are-were do-did go-we nt have-had give-gave get- got see-saw come-came say-said eat-ate take-took run-ra n sin g-sa ng put-put make-made read-read write-wrote draw-drew d

10、ri nk-dra nk fly-flew ride-rode speak-spoke sweep-swept buy-bought swim-swam, sit-sat brin g-brought can-could cut-cut become-became beg in-bega n draw-drew feel-felt fin d-fou nd forget-forgot hear-heard keep-kept kno w-knew learn-learnt （learned） leave-left let-let lose-lost meet-met read-read sle

11、ep-slept speak-spoke take-took teach-taught tell-told write-wrote wake-woke thin k-thought 3）时间标志词 昨天前天前几天 那时几岁 la-以前 曾经今早刚过去 过去时间还一天 4、一般将来时 1)构成 will/shall+ 动词原形 ( shall 用于第一人称， 常被 will 所代替。 will 在陈述句中用于各人称， 在征求意见时常用于第二人称。 will not=wont shall not=shant ) ? Which paragraph shall I read first ？ ? Wi

12、ll you be at home at seven this evening? be going to + 不定式 主语的意图，即将做某事 ? What are you going to do tomorrow? 计划，安排要发生的事 ? The play is going to be produced next month. 有迹象要发生的事 ? Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. be + 不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事 ? We are to discuss the report next Saturd

13、ay. be about to + 不定式，意为马上做某事 ? He is about to leave for Beijing. 注意： 1) be about to do 不能与 tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。 2) be to 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事， be going to 表示主观的打算或计划 ? I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. ? Im going to play football tomorrow afternoon. 现在进行时表将来 go. come. fly. leave.

14、 start. begin. finish. end. arrive 等可用现在进行表将来 ? she is leaving for Wuhan tomorrow. 一般现在时表将来 come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return 的一般现在时可表将来，主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情 ? The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. ? -When does the bus start? -It starts in ten minutes. 2)时间标志词 Tomorrow , the day afte

15、r tomorrow , n ext day(week, mon th, year , soc), in+段时间 3)will 和 be going to 的区别 表带意愿色彩的将来用 will 。 ? I will stay with you and help you. 在问对方是否愿意或表示客气的邀请或命令时,常用 will ? Will you go to the park with me? 表示客观将来用 will 。 ? I will be 22 years old next year. be going to 常用于口语中,表即将发生的动作或存在的状态。 ? We are goin

16、g to help him. 打算计划准备要做的事用 be going to 。 ? We are going to leave next Monday. 根据某种迹象表明可能要发生的事,用 be going to 。 ? Look at the clouds, It sgoing to rain. 三)精选习题 1. There _ a meeting tomorrow afternoon. A. will be going to B. will going to be C. is going to be 2. Charlie _ here next month. A. isnt worki

17、ng B. doesnt working C. isnt going to working 3. He _ very busy this week, he _ free next week. A. will be; is B. is; is C. will be; will beD. will go to be D. wont work D. is; will be There _ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening. A. was B. is going to have C. will have D. is going to be - _ y

18、ou _ free tomorrow? -No. I _ free the day after tomorrow. A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; will C. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be Mother _ me a nice present on my next birthday. A. will gives B. will give C. gives D. give -Where is the morning paper? -I _ it for you a

19、t once. A. get B. am getting C. to get D. will get _ a concert next Saturday? A. they wont. B. they wont. C. they arent. Who _ we _ swimming with tomorrow afternoon? A. will; go B. do; go C. will; going We _ the work this way next time. A. do B. will do C. going to do Tomorrow he _ a kite in the ope

20、n air first, and then _ boating in the park. A. There will be B. Will there be C There can be D. There are If they we _ a meeting. A. have B. will have C had D. would have He _ her a beautiful hat on her next birthday. A. gives B. gave C will give D. is going to giving He _ to us as soon as he gets

21、there. A. writes B. has written C will write D. wrote He _ in three days. A. coming back B. came back C will come back D. is going to coming back If it _ _ tomorrow, well go roller-skating. A. isnt rain B. wont rain C doesnt rain D. doesnt fine -Will his parents go to see the Terra Cotta Warriors to

22、morrow? -No, _ 不去） 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. A. will fly; will go B. will fly; goes C. is going to fly; will goes D. flies; will go The day after tomorrow they _ a volleyball match. A. will watch B. watches There

23、 _ a birthday party this Sunday. A. shall be B. will be They _ an English evening next Sunday. A. are having B. are going to have _ you _ free next Sunday? A. Will; are B. Will; be He _ there at ten tomorrow morning. A. will B. is C. is watching C. shall going to be C. will having C. Do; be C. will

24、be _ your brother _ a magazine from the library? A. Are; going to borrow B. Is; going to borrow C. Will; borrows It _ the year of the horse next year. A. is going to be B. is going to C. will be Lets go out to play football, shall we? -OK. I _ . A. will coming B. be going to come C. come The train _

25、 at 11. A. going to arrive B. will be arrive C. is going to Jenny _ in an office. Her parents _ in a hospital. A. work; works B. works; work One of the boys _ a black hat. A. have B. there is We will go shopping if it _ tomorrow. A. dont rain B. didnt rain He said the sun _ in the east and _ in the

26、west. A. rose; set B. rises; sets Jenny _ English every evening. A. has study B. studies When _ usually go to work in the morning? A. does people B. do peoples I helped her _ her mother. A. finds B. finding C. work; are working C. there are C. doesnt rain C. rises, set C. study C. does peoples C. fi

27、nd D. is going to watch D. will going to be D. is going to have D. Are; be D. be D. Are; going to borrows D. will is D. am coming D. is arriving D. is working; work D. has D. isnt rain D. rise; sets D. studied D. do people D. found D. they dont. D. shall; go D. will doing If you don t _cIaDrd, you _

28、 go to the party. A. has; won t B. have; won t C. take; will She _ to wear jeans to the party this Sunday. A. will B. is going C. going _ he to watch TV in the evening? A. Did B. Does C. Used ( 2011 广东， 39) A. has taught; has come ( 2011 广东， 43) A. is fine; will rain ( 2011 肇庆， A. has begun ( 2010 茂

29、名， A. enjoy ( 2010 汕尾， A. teaches ( 2010 广东， A. comes ( 2008 广东) A. receive ( 2007 广东) A. work ( 2007 广州) A. dropped ( 2007 广州) A. happens ( 2011 北京， A. play (2011 北京， A. arrive (2011 重庆， A. is (2011 重庆， A. arrive (2011 江西， A. comes (2011 江西， A. arrive 26) 36) 39) 43) D. has; will D. will going D. D

30、idn t Our math teacher _ in our school for 20 years and he _ here when he was 23 years old. B. taught; comes C. taught; came D. has taught; came -Let s go fishing if it _ this weekend. -But nobody knows if it _ . B. will be fine; rains C. will be fine; will rain D. is fine; rains You are too late. T

31、he film _ since half an hour ago. B. has been on C. began Everyone the Spring Festival especially the kids, because they can get money in red packets. B. enjoys C. is enjoying D. are enjoying Our teacher, Miss Chen, _ English on the radio the day before yesterday. B. taught C. will teach The Greens

32、will visit Hainan as soon as they to China. B. come C. came Tim will call me as soon as he _ my package. B. will receive C. received The woman and her husband _ in the same company. B. works C. is working The little girl _ her cup a moment ago, but luckily it wasn B. is dropping C. had dropped As we know, things like that _ all over the world every day. B. are happening C. will be happened 28) Paul and I _ tennis yesterday. He did much better than I. B. will play C. played 33)I will s