生产实习报告材料

1、1基础部分1.1设计任务按照给定电路原理图，进行单片机最小系统的焊接：包括单片机、开关、插 排、复位电路和晶振电路，正确焊接后，电路可以进行程序的下载。设计并焊接 简单外围电路，包括：LED与独立按键、蜂鸣器、双位数码管。使用汇编或C语言编写程序，使本电路完成以下功能：LED跑马灯、双位数码管对应计数 ，方式一（始终一个方向）、方式（左 右循环），可准确确定周期 T。每次第一个LED亮起的时候蜂鸣器响一声（t 秒）提示 。按键控制：一共三个按键分别实现以下功能暂停：检测该按键有效按下后，LED和数码管暂停，再次检测按键按下后， 继续执行当前循环；复位：检测该按键有效按下后，LED和数码管归零重

2、新开始以当前模式循环；模式转换：正常运行状态，检测该按键有效按下后，数码管显示不变，LED显示从当前方式转换成另一方式继续执行。1.2设计思路先设计好外围电路模块的原理图。根据自己的板子的实际情况安排布线并依 据原理图进行焊接。再设计程序流程图，分别编写简单程序调试各个外围电路是 否可以正常工作。学习使用单片机程序开发环境，编译下载程序等。比如：单独的跑马灯；双位数码管按秒计数；蜂鸣器 1s 一响；按键控制 LED点亮（8个按键对应8个LED）。设计程序运行的状态图以及程序流程图， 编写程序代码并调试。1.3原理图1.4PCB 图1.5器件清单表1-1器件清单（1）器件名称实物图片数量器件名称

3、实物图片数量单片机STCS90C52RC11四角按键开关4单排插针（4针）1六角自锁开关a130pF瓷片电容210KQ电阻1晶振11.0592M1导线若f干10uf电解电容1万能版HB1编程接口板1杜邦线 440脚IC座卜1LED （红色）丿丄8双位数码管1三极管8050331KQ电阻14排阻11.6程序流程图开定时器图数码管子程序图主程序流程图1.7程序代码#in clude<reg52.h>#defi ne uint un sig ned int#defi ne uchar un sig ned charucharcode0xc0,0xf9,0xa4,0xb0,0x99,0x9

4、2,0x82,0xf8,0x80,0x90;uchar code Ieds1=0xfe,0xfd,0xfb,0xf7,0xef,0xdf,0xbf,0x7f; P0口控制uchartable=8 位 LEDcodeIeds2=0xfe,0xfd,0xfb,0xf7,0xef,0xdf,0xbf,0x7f,0xbf,0xdf,0xef,0xf7,0xfb,0xfd;sbit le 仁 P3A5;/左边数码管位选sbit le2=P3A4;/右边数码管位选sbit fen g=P3A7;/蜂鸣器控制位sbit key1=P2A0;/模式切换sbit key2=P2A1;/暂停和开始sbit key

5、3=P2A2;/功能复位uint ti,co un t,shi1,ge1,k;uint flag=1;void delay()/延时固定时间 int i,j;for(i=500;i>0;i-)for(j=100;j>0;j-);void delayms( uint ms)/延时ms毫秒int i,j;for(i=ms;i>0;i-)for(j=110;j>0;j-);void keysca n()if(key2=1)delayms(IO);if(key2=1)while(key2);TRO=!TRO;P2=0x00;if(key1=1)delayms(IO);if(ke

6、y1=1)while(keyl);flag=!flag;flag=1为默认模式1,为0为模式2P2=0x00;if(key3=1)delayms(10);if(key3=1)while(key3);coun t=0;PO=Oxfe;void init()P0=0xfe;P2=0x00;le 仁0;le2=0;fen g=0;TMOD=0x01;TH0=(65536-45872)/256;TL0=(65536-45872)%256;EA=1;ET0=1;/TR0=0;void display( uint shi,u int ge) uint i,j;i=shi;j=ge;le 仁0;le2=0;

7、P1=tablei;le1=1;delayms(10);le 1=0;/二极管/按键/设置定时器1工作模式/给定时器装入初值/打开中断打开定时器中断/数码管扫描P1=tablej;设置T0/T1Ie2=1;delayms(IO);int mai n()in it();while(1)if(fen g=1 &&TRO=O&&k=O)delay();fen g=O;shi 仁 cou nt/10;ge 仁coun t%10;keysca n();display(shi1,ge1);void timer() in terrupt 1TH0=(65536-45872)/

8、256;/ 定时时间为 1s,公式TL0=(65536-45872)%256;ti+;if(ti=20)/每累加到20的时间为1秒ti=0;/ti 标志置 0coun t+;if(cou nt=100) coun t=0;if(flag=1)k=cou nt%8;P0=leds1k; if(k=0) fen g=1;elsefen g=0;elsek=cou nt%14;P0=leds2k; if(k=0) fen g=1;elsefen g=0;2提高部分2.1设计任务在基础项目的前提下设计电子琴，让电子琴可以播放简单的歌曲，可以用按 键进行简单的弹奏。在弹奏过程中，led灯会根据不同的按键

9、，点亮不同的灯。2.2设计思路先设计好外围电路模块的原理图。根据自己的板子的实际情况安排布线画出 PCB图，并依据PCB图进行焊接。焊接完成之后根据设计任务设计程序流程图， 再根据流程图编写程序，下载到单片机之后根据硬件情况进行调试。直到完成设 计任务为止。2.3原理图2.4PCB 图2.5器件清单表2-1器件清单（2）器件名称实物图片数量器件名称实物图片数量四角按键开关4?18LED8蜂鸣器亠1杜邦线92.6程序流程图2.7程序代码头文件#ifndef _SOUNDPLAY_H_REVISION_FIRST.#defi ne _SOUNDPLAY_H_REVISION_FIRST.*#def

10、ine SYSTEM_OSC11059200 / 定义晶振频率 12000000HZ#define SOUND_SPACE4/5/定义普通音符演奏的长度分率，/每4分音符间隔#defi ne play 1#defi ne stop 0sbit BeepIO =P3A7;/定义输出管脚un sig nedintcodeFreTab12= 262,277,294,311,330,349,369,392,415,440,466,494 ; /原始频率表un sig ned char code Sig nTab7 = 0,2,4,5,7,9,11 ;/17 在频率表中的位置un sig ned cha

11、r code Len gthTab7= 1,2,4,8,16,32,64 ;unsigned char Sound_Temp_TH0,Sound_Temp_TL0; / 音符定时器初值暂存 unsigned char Sound_Temp_TH1,Sound_Temp_TL1; / 音长定时器初值暂存 char state_s ong;/*void In itialSo un d(void)BeepIO = 0;Sou nd_Temp_TH1 = (65535-(1/1200)*SYSTEM_OSC)/256;/ 计算TL1应装入的初值(10ms的初装值)Sou nd_Temp_TL1 = (

12、65535-(1/1200)*SYSTEM_OSC)%256;/ 计算TH1应装入的初值TH1 = Sou nd_Temp_TH1;TL1 = Sou nd_Temp_TL1;TMOD |= 0x11;ET0 = 1;ET1 = 0;EXO = 1;EX1 = 1;TRO = 0;TR1 = 0;EA = 1;ITO = 1;IT1 = 1;void in t0() in terrupt 0state_s ong =stop;/音符发生中断void BeepTimer0(void) in terrupt 1 BeepIO = !BeeplO;TH0 = Soun d_Temp_TH0;TL0

13、= Sou nd_Temp_TL0;void in t1() in terrupt 2 state_s ong =play;void Play(unsignedchar *Sound,unsignedchar Signature,unsignedOctachord, un sig ned int Speed)unsigned int NewFreTab12;/ 新的频率表un sig ned char i,j;un sig nedintPoi nt, LDiv,LDivO 丄 Div1 丄 Div2, LDiv4,Curre ntFre,Temp_T,Sou ndLe ngth;un sig

14、ned char To ne,Le ngth,SL,SH,SM,SLe n,XG,FD;for(i=0;i<12;i+)/根据调号及升降八度来生成新的频率表j = i + Sig nature;if(j > 11)j = j-12;NewFreTabi = FreTabj*2;elseNewFreTabi = FreTabj;if(Octachord = 1)NewFreTabi>>=2;else if(Octachord = 3)NewFreTabi<<=2;Soun dLe ngth = 0;while(SoundSoundLength != 0x00)

15、/ 计算歌曲长度Soun dLe ngth+=2;Poi nt = 0;/读出第一个音符和它时时值Tone = Soun dPo in t;Len gth = Sou ndPoi nt+1;LDivO = 12000/Speed;/算出1分音符的长度（几个10ms）LDiv4 = LDivO/4;/算出4分音符的长度LDiv4 = LDiv4-LDiv4*SOUND_SPACE; / 普通音最长间隔标准TR0 = 0;TR1 = 1;while(Po int < Soun dLe ngth&&state_s ong)SL=Tone%10;/计算出音符SM=Tone/10%

16、10;/计算出高低音SH=Tone/100;/计算出是否升半CurrentFre = NewFreTabSignTabSL-1+SH;/ 查出对应音符的频率if(SL!=0)if (SM=1) CurrentFre >>= 2;/ 低音if (SM=3) CurrentFre <<= 2;/ 高音Temp_T65536-(50000/Curre ntFre)*10心2OOOOOO/SYSTEM_OSC); 计算计数器初值Sou nd_Temp_TH0 = Temp_T/256;Sou nd_Temp_TL0 = Temp_T%256;THO = Soun d_Temp_

17、TH0;TLO = Sound_Temp_TLO + 12; /力卩12是对中断延时的补偿SLe n=Le ngthTabLe ngth%10; / 算出是几分音符XG=Le ngth/10%10;FD=Le ngth/100;LDiv=LDiv0/SLe n;/算出音符类型（0普通1连音算出连音音符演奏的长度2顿音）（多少个10ms)if (FD=1)LDiv=LDiv+LDiv/2;if(XG!=1)if(XG=0)if (SLe *=4)/算出普通音符的演奏长度LDiv仁LDiv-LDiv4; elseLDiv仁LDiv*SOUND_SPACE;elseLDiv仁LDiv/2;elseL

18、Div1=LDiv; if(SL=0) LDiv1=0;LDiv2=LDiv-LDiv1;if (SL!=0)TR0=1;for(i=LDiv1;i>0;i-)/算出顿音的演奏长度/算出不发音的长度/发规定长度的音while(TF1=0);TH1 = Sou nd_Temp_TH1;TL1 = Sou nd_Temp_TL1;TF1=0;if(LDiv2!=0)TR0=0; BeeplO=0;for(i=LDiv2;i>0;i-)/ 音符间的间隔while(TF1=0);TH1 = Soun d_Temp_TH1;TL1 = Sou nd_Temp_TL1;TF1=0;Poi nt

19、+=2;Ton e=So un dPo in t;Le ngth=Sou ndPoi nt+1;BeepIO = 0;#en dif程序#in clude <reg52.H>#in clude "so un dplay.h"#defi ne uchar un sig ned char#defi ne uint un sig ned intuchar code table =0x3F,0x06,0x5B,0x4F,0x66,0x6D,0x7D,0x07,0x7F,0x6F,0x77,0x7C,0x39,0x5E,0x79,0x71;uchar temp;uint

20、i,j;void delay( uint x)uint i;for(i=0;i<x;i+);void dou()uint x=150;while(x-)BeeplO=0;delay(120);BeepIO=1;delay(120);void re()uint x=150;while(x-)BeepIO=0;delay(115);BeepIO=1;delay(115);void mi()uint x=150;while(x-)BeeplO=0; delay(110);BeepIO=1; delay(110);void fa()uint x=150;while(x-)BeepIO=0; de

21、lay(105);BeepIO=1; delay(105); void so()uint x=150;while(x-)BeepIO=0; delay(100);BeepIO=1; delay(100);void la()uint x=150; while(x-) BeepIO=0;delay(95);BeeplO=1; delay(95); void si()uint x=150;while(x-)BeepIO=0;delay(90);BeepIO=1;delay(90); void doo()uint x=150;while(x-)BeepIO=0;delay(85);BeepIO=1;d

22、elay(85); void dou2()uint x=150;while(x-)BeepIO=0; delay(80);BeepIO=1;delay(80);void re2()uint x=150; while(x-)BeeplO=0;delay(75);BeepIO=1;delay(75); void mi2()uint x=150;while(x-)BeepIO=0;delay(70);BeepIO=1;delay(70); void fa2()uint x=150;while(x-)BeepIO=0;delay(65);BeepIO=1;delay(65); void so2()ui

23、nt x=150;while(x-)BeeplO=0;delay(60);BeepIO=1;delay(60); void la2()uint x=150;while(x-)BeepIO=0;delay(55);BeepIO=1;delay(55); void si2()uint x=150;while(x-)BeepIO=0;delay(50);BeepIO=1;delay(50); void doo2()uint x=150;while(x-)BeeplO=0;delay(45);BeepIO=1;delay(45);void Delay1ms( un sig ned int count)

24、un sig ned int i,j;for(i=0;i<co un t;i+)for(j=0;j<120;j+);IMusic*/生日快乐un sig ned char code Music_Girl= 0x19,0x67, 0x19,0x04, 0x1A,0x02,0x19,0x02, 0x15,0x02,0x1B,0x01,0x19,0x67,0x19,0x04,0x1A,0x02, 0x19,0x02,0x20,0x02,0x1F,0x01,0x19,0x67,0x19,0x04, 0x23,0x02,0x21,0x02,0x1F,0x02,0x1B,0x0C,0x1A,0

25、x02, 0x18,0x67,0x18,0x04,0x21,0x02,0x1F,0x02,0x20,0x02, 0x1F,0x01,0x00,0x00;/ 一只哈巴狗un sig ned char code Music_Same= 0x15,0x02, 0x15,0x02, 0x15,0x02,0x16,0x02, 0x17,0x16,0x17,0x02,0x17,0x02,0x17,0x02,0x18,0x02, 0x19,0x16,0x1A,0x02,0x1A,0x02,0x19,0x02,0x18,0x02, 0x17,0x16,0x19,0x02,0x19,0x02,0x16,0x03

26、,0x17,0x03, 0x15,0x16,0x15,0x02,0x15,0x02,0x15,0x02,0x16,0x02, 0x19,0x16,0x17,0x02,0x17,0x02,0x17,0x02,0x18,0x02, 0x19,0x16,0x1A,0x02,0x1A,0x02,0x19,0x02,0x18,0x02, 0x17,0x16,0x19,0x02,0x19,0x02,0x16,0x02,0x17,0x02, 0x15,0x16,0x00,0x00 ;/两只蝴蝶un sig ned char code Music_Two = 0x17,0x03, 0x16,0x03, 0x1

27、7,0x01,0x16,0x03, 0x17,0x03,0x16,0x03,0x15,0x01,0x10,0x03,0x15,0x03, 0x16,0x02,0x16,0x0D,0x17,0x03,0x16,0x03,0x15,0x03, 0x10,0x03,0x10,0x0E,0x15,0x04,0x0F,0x01,0x17,0x03, 0x16,0x03,0x17,0x01,0x16,0x03,0x17,0x03,0x16,0x03, 0x15,0x01,0x10,0x03,0x15,0x03,0x16,0x02,0x16,0x0D, 0x17,0x03,0x16,0x03,0x15,0x

28、03,0x10,0x03,0x15,0x03, 0x16,0x01,0x17,0x03,0x16,0x03,0x17,0x01,0x16,0x03, 0x17,0x03,0x16,0x03,0x15,0x01,0x10,0x03,0x15,0x03, 0x16,0x02,0x16,0x0D,0x17,0x03,0x16,0x03,0x15,0x03, 0x10,0x03,0x10,0x0E,0x15,0x04,0x0F,0x01,0x17,0x03, 0x19,0x03,0x19,0x01,0x19,0x03,0x1A,0x03,0x19,0x03, 0x17,0x01,0x16,0x03,0

29、x16,0x03,0x16,0x02,0x16,0x0D, 0x17,0x03,0x16,0x03,0x15,0x03,0x10,0x03,0x10,0x0D, 0x15,0x00,0x19,0x03,0x19,0x03,0x1A,0x03,0x1F,0x03, 0x1B,0x03,0x1B,0x03,0x1A,0x03,0x17,0x0D,0x16,0x03, 0x16,0x03,0x16,0x0D,0x17,0x01,0x17,0x03,0x17,0x03, 0x19,0x03,0x1A,0x02,0x1A,0x02,0x10,0x03,0x17,0x0D, 0x16,0x03,0x16,

30、0x01,0x17,0x03,0x19,0x03,0x19,0x03, 0x17,0x03,0x19,0x02,0x1F,0x02,0x1B,0x03,0x1A,0x03, 0x1A,0x0E,0x1B,0x04,0x17,0x02,0x1A,0x03,0x1A,0x03, 0x1A,0x0E,0x1B,0x04,0x1A,0x03,0x19,0x03,0x17,0x03, 0x16,0x03,0x17,0x0D,0x16,0x03,0x17,0x03,0x19,0x01,0x19,0x03,0x19,0x03,0x1A,0x03,0x1F,0x03,0x1B,0x03, 0x1B,0x03,

31、0x1A,0x03,0x17,0x0D,0x16,0x03,0x16,0x03, 0x16,0x03,0x17,0x01,0x17,0x03,0x17,0x03,0x19,0x03, 0x1A,0x02,0x1A,0x02,0x10,0x03,0x17,0x0D,0x16,0x03, 0x16,0x01,0x17,0x03,0x19,0x03,0x19,0x03,0x17,0x03, 0x19,0x03,0x1F,0x02,0x1B,0x03,0x1A,0x03,0x1A,0x0E, 0x1B,0x04,0x17,0x02,0x1A,0x03,0x1A,0x03,0x1A,0x0E, 0x1B

32、,0x04,0x17,0x16,0x1A,0x03,0x1A,0x03,0x1A,0x0E, 0x1B,0x04,0x1A,0x03,0x19,0x03,0x17,0x03,0x16,0x03, 0x0F,0x02,0x10,0x03,0x15,0x00,0x00,0x00 ;mai n()In itialSou nd();while(1)if(state_s ong)Play(Music_Girl,0,3,360);Delay1ms(500);Play(Music_Same,0,3,360);Delay1ms(500);Play(Music_Two,0,3,360);Delay1ms(500);elseP2=0xfe;temp=P2;temp=temp&0 xf0;while(temp!=0xf0)switch(temp)case 0xe0:dou();break;case 0xd0:re();break;case 0xb0:mi();break;case 0x70:fa();break;P