宝石学概论：红宝石和蓝宝石材料属性的鉴别

1、宝石学概论：红宝石和蓝宝石材料属性的鉴别    鉴别方法相对较简单，只需测定有关物理性质即可作出正确鉴定。（1）用折射率仪：可测得折射率为1.7621.770，双折射率为0.008。（2）用比重天平：可测得比重为3.994.05。（3）用分光镜：红宝石是典型的铬光谱，蓝宝石是铁光谱。（4）放大观察：不同产地的红宝石和蓝宝石由于其形成的地质条件和环境存在差异，因而具有不同的包裹体。训练有素的宝石鉴别师，不仅可以这些内含物特征来鉴别红宝石和蓝宝石的真伪，还能鉴别产地。（5）二色镜和偏光镜：可测其多色性和光性，从而对红宝石和蓝宝石作出鉴别。通过上述测试，再比较

2、2-2-1和表2-2-2，较容易地将红宝石和蓝宝石与其仿制品区分开来。表2-2-1 红宝石与相似宝石的特征                名称            硬度           

3、0;比重            折光率            重折率            二色性            

4、;        红宝石            9            3.99            1.764-1.772  

5、0;         0.008            明显                    锆石       &

6、#160;    7.5            4.69            1.925-1.984            0.059     &#

7、160;      弱                    贵榴石            7.5          &

8、#160; 3.9-4.2            1.76-1.81                         无        &#

9、160;           镁铝榴石            7.5            3.7-3.9            

10、1.74-1.76                         无                    尖晶石   

11、;         8            3.60            1.72               &#

12、160;         无                    托帕石            8       

13、60;    3.53            1.63-1.64            0.008            个别有      

14、              电气石            7            3.04          

15、0; 1.62-1.64            0.018            明显              表2-2-2   蓝宝石与相似宝石鉴别表    

16、;            名称            硬度            比重            折光率&#

17、160;           重折率            二色性                    蓝宝石     

18、;       9            3.99            1.76-1.77            0.008   

19、0;        明显                    硅酸钡钛矿            6.5        

20、    3.67            1.75-1.80            0.047            明显      

21、0;             蓝晶石            4-6            3.69           

22、 1.75-1.73            0.016            明显                    合成尖晶石 

23、60;          8            3.63            1.727              

24、;           无                    尖晶石            8      

25、      3.60            1.720                         无     &#

26、160;              托帕石            8            3.56          

27、  1.61-1.62            0.008            中等                    黝帘石 

28、;           6.5            3.35            1.69-1.70            0

29、.009            明显                    坦桑石            6.5-7   

30、0;        3.355            1.69-1.701            0.009            明显  

31、                  碧玺            7            3.10            1.62-1.64            0.020            明显      &#