Unit7TheAdventuresofTomSawyer定语从句推荐文档

1、Unit 7 The Adventures of Tom Sawyer 定语从句一.定语从句的理解：用来修饰名词或代词的词称为定语：a tall building the book on the desk anything important the girl in red如果定语是句子,便称为 定语从句.I know the girl. The girl is dancing.两个简单句f I know the girl who is dancing.定语从句被修饰的词是 这个词就称为先行词.其中连接两个句子的是 ,称为关系词.关系词在从句中指代先行词,并在从句中充当一定的成分,观察上句,关

2、系词在从句中充当 O附：关系词与先行词的关系：关系词和先行词密切相关,由于关系词用来 指代先行词,并且在从句中充当一定的成分.定语从句中常用的关系词有：关系代词who / whom 先行词表示人 which 先行词表示物that / whose 先行词表示人或物关系代词在从句中可充当主语,宾语或定语；可以和介词连用的关系代词： whom, which on which, with whom, for which关系副词 when 表示时间where俵示地点why 表示原因关系副词在从句中充当状语.二、定语从句的引导词定语从句的引导词可分为关系代词和关系副词.关系代词：that, which,

3、who伏;格 whom,所有格 whose关系副词： when, where, why关系代词或关系副词连接主句和从句,同时又代替先行词在从句中充当某一成分.e.g: The man who lives next to us is a policeman.先行词关系代词定语从句关系代词who连接主句和从句,同时在从句中代替 the man,充当从句的主语.初中阶段我们重点学习关系代词引导的定语从句.三、关系代词的用法1、who/whomwho和whom都可以指人,who在定语从句中做主语或宾语,whom做宾语；做宾语时都可省略.e.g: I don'oWkthe boy (who is

4、 playing football) 作主语The girl (whom/who we met yesterday) is Tom ' s sist蚱宾语(作宾语可以省略)2、whosewhose是who和which的所有格形式,表示“的,指可指人,也可指物,在定语从句中作 e.g: This is my sister (whose hair is yellow).I have a bedroom (whose window is large).3、whichwhich指物,在从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语可省略.e.g: The building (which stands near t

5、he train station) is a supermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市.(作主语)The film (which we saw last night) was wonderful.我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看.(作 宾语)4、 thatthat既可指人也可指物.在从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语可省略.e.g: Mary likes music (that is quiet and gentle).玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐.(that指物,=which,作主语)The coat (that I put on the desk) is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝

6、色的.(that指物,=which,作宾语)The boy (that visited our school yesterday) is from England.昨天来我们学习参观那个男孩来自英格兰.(that指人,=who,作主语)He is the man (that I visited last week).他就是我上周拜访的那个人.(that指人,=who/whom,作宾语)关系词只能用that的情况:1先行词为 all, any, much, many, little, something, everything anything, nothing, none, the one等不

7、定代词时Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop?2先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰时He was the first person that passed the exam.他是第个通过测试的人.3先行词被 the only, the very, the same, the last, little, few 等词修饰时 This is the same bikethat 110st.这就是我丢的那辆自行车.4先行词里同时含有人或物时I can remember well the persons and some pictures

8、that I saw in the room.我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片.5以who或which引导的特殊疑问句,为防止重复,只能用 that.Who is the girl that is crying?正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁？6） there be结构中先行词是物时There is a bookthat belongs to Tom on the desk.桌子上那本书是汤姆的.先行词指人关系词只能用who的情况：1领先行词是泛指代词 he, they, people或指示代词that, those等时He who does no work gets no pay.不工作

9、的人是没有报酬的.We are in need of those who can work hard.我们需要那些努力工作的人.2 不定代词 one, ones, anyone等作先行词时One who works without complain is welcome here. 那些工作没有抱怨的人在这受欢送.3在非限制性定语从句先行词是人且先行词与关系词用逗号隔开The man, who comes from France, helped us at last.那个来自法国的人最终帮助了我们.4在there be句型中There is a girl who comes from Amer

10、ica in our class.先行词指物关系词只能用 which的情况:1先行词为that, those时What' s thawhich is under the desk?在桌子底下的那些东西是什么?2关系代词指物前有介词时This is the room in which he lives.这是他居住的房间.3引导非限制性定语从句且先行词是物时Tom came back, which made us happy.汤姆回来了,这使我们彳艮快乐.1、当定语从句中含有介词,介词放在句末时, who/whom , that, which可省略,但介词在 关系代词前时,只能用介词+wh

11、ichg旨物/ whom指人This is the house in which we lived last yea这是我们去年居住的房子.Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说.2、在there be句型中,先行词指人只能用 who,指物只能用that.There is a girl who expects to see you.There is a book that belongs to Tom on the desk.-、关系副词的用法简单介绍（1） when指时间,其先行词表示时

12、间,在句中作时间状语.This was the time when he arrived 这是他到达的时间.（2） where指地点,其先行词表示地点,在句中作地点状语.This is place where he works这是他工作的地点.（3） why指原因,其先行词是原因,在句子作原因状语.Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school.没人知道他为什么上学总迟到.小结:关系代词先行词在从句中充当who人主语、宾语whom人宾语whose人、物定语which物主语、宾语that人、物主语、宾语关系代词用法歌诀关系词,引定从

13、,它们用法要分清.that可用作主和宾,指人指物都能行. which用来指代物,主语宾语都可充.who和whom来指人,作主作宾各不同.whose一词作用大,表人表物都能用.That与which区别歌诀that, which不一般,同指物时可互换.不定代词为先行,只有that才可用.先行词前有修饰,千万不可用 which o要用which也不难,可将介词来提前.典型例题、用关系代词填空1、This is the professor taught me Chemistry in 1980 .2、The hospital was built five years ago has been mode

14、rnized.3、This is the boy father died three years ago.4、The film we saw the day before yesterday is very interesting.5、Do you know the student was praised at the meeting?6、They work in a factory makes radio parts.7、This is the vision phone through we can see and talk to our friends.8、He talked about

15、the teachers and schools he had visited.9、 He is the person helped me.10、That' s the computer broke down.11、We re not the students won the badMinton match.12、 It ' s the dog e6Vn our block of flats.13、They' re the socks are on sale this week.14、He' s the person is waiting for a taxi.

16、15、This is the train goes to Shenzhen.16、This is the road leads to the Book City.17、Those want to go to the computer room write your names here.18、Who is the person is standing at the gate?二、单项选择()1. The man you saw in the street is Tommy.A. whichB.whose C. that D.as()2. Is this the museum a lot of

17、students visited yesterday?A. Who B. which C. the one D. whom()3. The boy has an interesting story book.A. who sit next to youB. which sits next to youC. whom sits next to youD. that lives next to you()4. Don ' t goh过 is the shop we have just been to.A. who B. that C. whereD. when()5.The speaker

18、 will tell us about some writers and their works are known to us.A. which B. that C. as D. who()6. I hate the people don ' t help others when they are in trouble.A. who B. which C. they D. where()7. The foreigner visited our school is from Canada.A. which B. when C. who D. whom()8. George Mallor

19、y was an English school teacher loved climbing.A. who B. whom C. he D. which()9. This is the house I want to buy.A. in which B. that C. whose D. where()10. This is the bag my mother bought yesterday.A. that B. whoC. whom D. this()11. I am the only one can do it right.A. whichB. whoC. thatD. whom()12

20、. This is the best film I have ever seen.A. whichB. whoC. thatD. whom()13. All is needed is a supply of oil.A. whichB. whoC. thatD. whom()14.Take care of the boy and the dog are crossing the street.A. whichB. whoC. thatD. whom()15.Finally, the thief handed everything he had stolen to the police.A. w

21、hich B. what C. whatever D. that()16.Who is the woman was talking to Miss Li?A. he b. that C. whom D. which()17.In the street I met the scientist gave us a talk last week.1. he B. which C. who D. what()18.That ' s the only thing can ' t be forgotten in my life.A. that B. which C. who D./()19

22、.New York,I visited last year, is a nice city.A. which B. where C. when D. it()20. He is an estate businessman loves climbing.A. who B. whom C. he D. which拓展练习一、单项选择1. Sorry, we don ' t have the coat you need.A. what B. who C. whom D. which2. This is the dictionary Mum gave me for my birthday.A.

23、 which B. what C. whose D. whom3. Do you know the man is sitting behind Nancy?A. what B. which C. who D. whom4. The book he bought yesterday is very interesting.A. / B. why C. when D. what5. I have found some pictures of the most interesting places you can visit during thewinter holidays.A. where B.

24、 which C. what D. that6. I ' d like to tell you about the table manners you should know when yovisit Korea.A. which B. who C. what D. how7. I shall never forget those years I lived on the farm with the farmers, hasa great effect on my life.A. when; who B. that; which C. which; that D. when; whic

25、h8. Is oxygen the only gas helps fire burn?A. that B. / C. which D. it9. Is some German friends visited last week?A. this school B. this the school C. this school one D. this school where10. -What kind of music do you like?-I like music has great lyrics.A. that B. what C. who D. whose11 .That is the

26、 only thing I bought from the supermarket.A. which B. that C. what D. where12 . The place interested me most washe Children ' s Palace.A. which B. where C. what D. in which13 . The computer last week has gone wrong.A. which I bought it B. I bought C. what I bought D. I bought it14 .That is the poor boy father died in a traffic accident last year.A. who B. whom C. whose D. which15 .Do you know the girl is standing under the tree?A. who B. whom C. which D. where16 .Is the woman talked to our