中考英语句型转换专题复习

1、句型转换每年的中考试卷中， “句型转换”题所占分值较大， 是为了全面考查学生在初中阶段所学的词汇（同义或反义）、短语、句型和语法等方面的知识及其它的之间的灵活运用能力。I.题型介绍所谓“句型转换”就是先给一个完整的句子 A,再根据括号内的要求（有时没有明确，须自己观察），在第二个句子B 的空白处填上适当的词来完成的句型转换。n.题型分类从形式上看，有如下几种形式：某一词或词组的转换；词组与句子的转换；同义句型的转换；为纠正常犯语言错误而设计的题目。从内容上看，此题型涉及的面较广，主要有： 句子功能方面的转换。包括陈述句（肯定与否定）、四种题疑问句、祈使句、感叹句的转换；句子结构方面的转换。即简

2、单句、复合句、并列句之间的转换；语态的转换。即主动语态与被动语态之间的转换；常用句型与词汇手段的转换。. 具体分类如下一、陈述句与疑问句、祈使句、感叹句间的转换1、陈述句中肯定句变为否定句，大部分是用not 来改变谓语结构，但也有借用否定意义的词，如nothing, nobody, none, neither, little, few, never, hardly 等，例如：A： Tom does well in maths.B： Tom doesntdo in maths.A： He has much to do.B： He has nothing to do.A： All of my cl

3、assmates like art.B： None of my classmates likes art.2、改为疑问句。根据上下句的结构和词的减少，来判断变为哪一种形式的疑问句。例如：A： My brother often has breakfast at school.B：Does your brother oftenhavebreakfast at school?A： Tomsalready weak in English.BTomsalready weak in English, isn t he ?A： The red light changes every two minutes.

4、B： How often does the red light change?3、改为感叹句。根据所给的句子结构和单词的词性，来确定使用哪一种感叹句的形式，例如：A： This is an interesting book.B： What an interesting book this is!或 How interesting this book is!二、同义句转换。根据上句，写出一个意思相同（或相近）的下句，此类形式繁多，内容复杂，涉及面广，归类如下：1、 同义词或词组之间的转换。（通常上下句时态保持一致）常 见 的 同 义 词 或 词 组 有 ：(1) 四 个 “ 花 费 ”(spen

5、d take cost take ) ；(2) 三 个 “ 到 达 ”(get to - reach -arrive in/at ) ; (3)四个“收到来 信” ( hear from get a letter from receive a letter fro mn- have a letter from ) ;(4) 两个 “擅 长于 ”( be good at do well in )；(5) 两 个 “ 有 空 ”( be free have time )；(6) 三 个 “ 入 睡 ”( go to sleep get to sleep fall asleep ) ； (7) 两个

6、“玩得开心“(enjoy oneself have a good time); (8) “给打 电话” ( call sb telephone sb ring sb. a call make a tel ephone to sb. )(9)飞 往 ”(fly togo to by air/plane )(10) “ 自学 ”(teach oneself learn - by oneself ) (11)在方面帮助 help - withhelp (to)do - (12) 在 差be weak in do badly in , (13)能/会canbe able to(14)更喜欢 - lik

7、e better thanprefer - to - (15) 充 满了 - be full ofbe filled with - (16) 放 弃干- give up doingstop doing (17)不再 no longer notany longer(18) 照 顾/ 保管take care oflook after(19)展览on show on display(20)阻 止 干 stop from doing keep/prevent fromdoing (21) 由于thanks to because of (22)举 手hands up put up oneshands(2

8、3) 最 后 ， 终 于at last -in the end(24)与不同 be different frombe not the same as (25)从借入 borrow fromlend to (26)乘公汽/ 火车 / 的士 go to by bus/train/taxi take a bus /train/taxito (27)去 go to by bike - ridea bike to(28)为感至U自be proud ofbe the pride of (29)步行walk togo to on foot (30)独自地by oneself alone 等。例如：A： Th

9、e childrenhad a good timein the park.The childrenenjoyed themselves in the park.2、 同 义 句 型 之 间 的 转 化 。 常 见 的 同 义 句 型 有 It seems that从句Somebody seems ( to be )+adj/n It ss kind of sb. to do> Somebody is kind todo What doesmean"What do you mean byWhat' s the meaning of ？ There issomething

10、wrongwith > Something iswrong with not until when/after/before导的时间状语从句的转换 Whatswrongwith ？What' s thematterwith you like ？How is ？What' s - like ？How doWhat do you think of?It ' s time that > It ' s time for sb. to do It's said that > People say that Can I help you?What

11、can I do for you?例如：A： I went to bed after I finished my homework.B：I didngo to bed untilI finishedmy homework.3、 if 引导的条件状语从句的转化。例如：AIf itdoesntrain tomorrow, they ll go to the park.B： Unless it rains tomorrow, they ll go to the park.A： If you dont hurry,you llbe late.B： Hurry up, or you llbe late.

12、A：Fishcantliveif there isno water.B：Fishcantlivewithoutwater.4、现在完成时态中的一句多译。在现在完成时态中，结束性动词不能与时间段连用，必须改成相应的延续性动词。常见的动词转换有： buy have, borrow keep, die be dead, open be open,join be in+ 组织/be a + 成员 , begin be on, leave be away from, close be clo sed, arrivein/ get to/ come/go to be in/at,finish be ove

13、r,go to sleep be asleep ， get up be up.例如： The old man died five months ago.The old man has been dead since five months ago.The old man has been dead for five months.It s five months since the old man died.Five months has passed since the old man died.5、简单句与复合句之间的转换。含宾语从句的复合句与简单句的转换。例如：I saw they we

14、re playing football on the playground.BI saw them playing football on the playground.AThe teacher found that she was very clever.B： The teacher foundher very clever.English well.He found that it was hard to learnB： He found it hard to learn English well.We are sure that we will win to first match.B：

15、 We are sure to win to first match.由疑问代词/ 副词引导的宾语从句可转化为“疑问句+不定式”结构。例如：ACould you tell me tation?BCould you tell me on?A： We dontB： We donthow I can gethow to get toknow what weknow what to由 when/after/before/while/since/until 状语从句可转when/after/before/while/sine/until+ doing 例如：to the railway s：the ra

16、ilway statishould do next.do next.引导的时间化为A：They went home after they finished their work.B： The went home after finishing their work.A：Mr Smith has taught English since he came to China .B：Mr Smith has taught English since coming to China.When sb.+be+#词 +yearsold at the age of十 岁A：When he was twelve

17、 years old, Edison started writin g his own newspaper.B：At the age of twelve, Edison started writing his o wn newspaper.由so-that引导的结果状语从句可转化为too to do或enough to do例如:Acarry it.The box is so heavy that I cantB： The box istoo heavy for me to carry.The box isn t lightenough for me to carry.The childis

18、so old that he can go to school.B： The childis old enough to go to school. 由 so that 引 导 的 目 的 状 语 从 句 可 转 化 为in order to do 例如：My father got up early this morning so that he could catch the early bus.BMy fathergot up early thismorning in order to catch the early bus. 由 because 引 导 的 原 因 状 语 从 句 可 转

19、 化 为because of 例如：A： We didn tgototheparkbecauseitrained.B： We didn tgototheparkbecauseofthe rain.定语从句可以转化为介词短语或分词短语。例如：A：Theman who ison thebikeis Jim.B：Theman on thebike is Jim.A：The man whoisdriving the redcar ismy boss.B：Theman drivingthe redcar is myboss.A： Thegirl whois calledMary is my sister

20、.B：Thegirl calledMary ismy sister.6、用并歹!连词 neither nor; either or；both and； not onlybut also连句。例如：Ihaventseen a TV play for long, and Lily hasnt either.B：NeitherI nor Lily has seen a TV play for long.A：Tom isgood at maths, and he is good at French,too.B： Tom is good at both maths and French.neither nor ， either or 和not only but also连接两个主语时，谓语动词依靠近它的主语 而定，即“就近原则”，但是both and用来连接两个主语时，谓语 复数。7、主动语与被动语态的互变。“主动”变“被动”实行“三变二不变”原则。 “三变”即是主语，谓语和宾语的变化，“二不变”即时态不变，句式不变。例如：A：A： They make watches in the town.B： Watches aremade by them inthe town.A：can fin