人教版英语必修五unit5知识点

1、必修五unit5知识点详解1. Aid(v)帮助;援助=helpsb帮助某人去做.aidsbtodo在事帮助某人aidsbinHeaidedmeinbusiness.Iaidedhertocontinueherstudy.AtChristmas,manyorganizationsaidthepoor.n/U/帮助;援助在某人的帮助下withtheaidof为了帮助inaidofTeachersgivetheirlessonswiththeaidofcomputers.Heraisedmoneyinaidofthesick.知识拓展：give/offeraid援助cometosb.'sa

2、id帮助某人cutoffaid(突然)终止援助ahearingaid助听器teachingaids教具medicalaid医疗救护2. temporary暂时的，临时的temporaryrelieffrompain短暂的解痛temporarywork/solution临时工作/解决办法3. fallillfall+adj.illasleepawakesicksilent4 get+过去分词表被动或状态Thecomputergotdamagedwhenweweremoving.Mybikeisgettingrepairednow.MyglassesgotbrokenwhileIwasplayin

3、gbasketball.PeterandMarygotmarriedlastyear.getdonegetinjured受伤getdressed穿衣服getdamaged遭到破坏getchanged改变getmarried结婚getinfected被感染getbroken被弄破getlost迷失，走失5 injurev.injurytosth.(部位)的伤injuriestothelegsgotinjuredinjuryinjuredhurt肉体，精神上的伤害(一般用语)，疼痛injure意外或事故而受伤wound指外伤(刀、枪、剑伤)6 .bleed-blood-bloody(v.)(n.)

4、(adj.)Hisnosewasbleeding.=Hewasbleedingatthenose.=Hehasabloodynose.他在流鼻血。bleedfor为而流血，悲痛bleedtodeath出血过多而死loseblood流血、失血fleshandblood血肉之躯7 .chokevi.&vt.窒息;阻塞Shechokedwithemotion.她激动得说不出话来。Thesmokealmostchokedme.烟呛得我几乎喘不出气来。Atthebadnews,hecouldn'tchokebackhistear听到这则噩耗，他抑制不住自己的眼泪。Themangaveaf

5、ewchokesandthengothisbreath.那个男人噎了几下才喘过气来。8 .essentialadj.最重要的，不可缺少的，本质的1)Sunandwaterareessentialtothegrowthofcrops.阳光和水是农作物生长不可缺的。2)Itisessentialforustosetourstudygoal.我们有必要来设定我们的学习目标。3)Itisessentialthatyou(should)winthevoter'shearts.赢得选民的信任是至关重要的。当用it充当主语而用它充当表语时，that从句的谓语动词用should+动词原形9 .Youh

6、avethreelayersofskinwhichactasabarrieragainstdisease,actas作为.barrier屏障,障碍物,隔阂Youshouldshowtheticketatthebarrier.Thelanguagebarrier10 poisonn./vt.毒药，毒害；毒害，使中毒eg:1)Poisonsmustbeputoutofchildren'sreach.毒药一定要放在孩子们够不到的地方。2)Thismatterwillmakesomepoisontothecrops.这种物质会对庄稼造成毒害。3)Booksofthiskindcanmakepo

7、isontochildren.这类书会对儿童造成毒害。4)Heroinhaspoisonedalotofpeople.海洛因毒害了很多人。5)Thepollutedwaterintheriverpoisonedpeoplehere.污染了的河水使这儿的人中毒。poisonousadj.有毒(害)的eg:Thismedicineispoisonousiftakeninlargequantities.11 .protectagainst/from保护不受的损害preventfromdoing阻止.protectyoureyesfromstronglighttoprotectyouagainstco

8、ldpreventthemfromgettingmarriedpreventsb.(from)doingstopsb.(from)doingkeepsb.fromdoing12 .sense(n.&v.)fivesenses：senseofsmellsenseofhearingthesixthsensesenseoftouchsenseofsightsenseoftastesenseofhumour、duty、directionThemanhasnocommonsense.(无常识)Whathesaidmadenosense欣道理)sense(v.)感觉到t like the idea

9、.Althoughshedidntsayanything,Isensedthatshedidn(我感觉到她不喜欢这个主意)13.Soasyoucanimagine,ifyourskingetsburned,itcanbeveryserious.该句是一个主从复合句，主句为：Soifyourskingetsburned,itcanbeveryserious；从句为：asyoucanimagine.as引导非限制性定语从句，指代后面的内容，有芷如”或就象”的意思；它所引的从句位置较灵活，可以位于句首、句中或句末。另外，该句的主句中还含有一个if引导的条件状语从句。请看类似的句子：Asyoucans

10、ee,iftheyarenotproperlyprotected,thefarmlandswillbecomedessertssoonerorlater.正如你所看到的，这些农田如果保护不当迟早会变成沙漠。asweallknow=asisknowntoallasweexpect=asisexpectedaseverybodycanseeasyoucanimagine14 .various不同的，各种各样的Therearevariouscolorstochoosefrom.varyvi1.(insth)bedifferentinsize,volume,strength,etc(体积、容积、力量等

11、)呈现不同Opinionsvaryonthispoint.15 .vary(withsth);(fromsthtosth)change,espaccordingtosomefactor改变,变动,变化(尤指伴随某种因素而产生)Pricesvarywithseasons.物价随季节而变动Hermoodvariedfromoptimismtoextremedepression.她的情绪由乐观一变而为极度消沉varietyn.变化，多样性，种类Weallneedvarietyinourdiet.我们都需要饮食多样化Theshoppingcentersellsavarietyofgoodsavarie

12、tyof+名词,谓语动词的数和后面的名词保持一致16. dependon取决于,依赖,依靠,信赖,信任Hiswholefamilydependsonhim他全家都靠他养活.Heisamantobedependedon他是个可以信赖的人dependent(adj.)dependence(n.)independent(adj.)independence(n.)17. mild-milder-mildest-mildlyExamplesincludemildsunburnandburnscausedbytouchingahotpan,d在这个句子中的

13、意思是“轻微的、不严重的”。如：Edwardsufferedfromamildheartattack.爱德华犯了轻微的心脏病。mild还可以表示“温和的、暖和的；味淡的”如：ShesthemildestpersonIhaveevermetinmylife.她是我平生见到过的最温柔的人了amildclimate温暖的天气mildcheese淡味奶酪18. 词语辨析:electric电的,发电的,由电产生的,用于导电的.electrical有关电的,与电有关的.electricity电,电力.电力学electricgenerator发电机,electriccooker电炉,electriciron

14、电熨斗,electricengineer电机工程师19.swellvt./vi.Swellswelled/swelledswollen使膨胀，使(力量，数目等)增长，使壮大，Thewindswelledthesails.风使船帆鼓起。Hisinjuredwristbegantoswell(up).他那受伤的手腕开始肿起。Herfaceswelledupwithtoothche.Thewindswelledintoastorm.风力渐增，终于形成一场暴风雨。asmallbusinessswelledintoabigcompany.壮大4)Neverswellwithpridewhenyoumak

15、esomecontributions.有了贡献不要沾沾自喜。swellwithpride/anger得意洋洋、怒气冲冲Thedoctorexaminedtheswellingonmyback.swollenadj.肿胀的Hiseyelidisswollen.他眼皮肿了。20.sticksticksth.tosth.粘住Stickthegluetomyfingers.sticktodoingsthstickto坚持sticktoone'iSiVeW己的观点21. jewellery=jewelry珠宝（总称）不可数jewel可数，珠宝，珍视的人、物jeweljewelleryjewels

16、Sheappearedatthereceptionwearingherfinestjewels.Shelockedherjewelsinthejewellerybox.22. Coolburnsimmediatelywithcoolbutnoticywater.立即用凉水给伤口冲凉，但不要用冰水-y是个形容词后缀。如：windy有风hilly多小山的sleepy困倦的greeny略呈绿色的spicy辛辣的woody树木茂密的23. unbearable不能忍受的un不能.，无法.unbelievable unfortunate unlikeuncomfortableunforgettableu

17、ncertainunwillingunfairunusualunfit24. squeeze挤；压；塞osth.把塞进squeezesth.from/outofsth.挤出squeezethrough挤过squeezesth.outofsb.敲诈逼某人说出Isqueezedmyselfontothecrowdedtrain.Hesqueezedeverythingintoasuitcase.ShewatchedhergrandmasqueezethejuiceoutofalemonattentivelyAlthoughIambusy,Istillcansqueeze

18、youinat10oclockThoseblackmailersintendedtosqueezemoremoneyoutofhim.那些勒索者打算向他榨取更多钱。Illnevergiveintoyou,andyoucansqueezenothingoutofmeThelittleboyissqueezingthetoothpastefromthetubeontothetoothbrush25.overandoveragainListsomephrasesorwordsthathavesimilarmeaningoverandoveragainandagainrepeatedlynowanda

19、gainoverandagainfromtimetotimeSometimesmanytimesnowandthenAttimes26.Holdthebandageinplacewithtape.用胶布把绷带固定。inplace在适当的地方。如：Thelibrarianputthereturnedbooksinplace.图书馆员把还回的图书放到原处。You'dbetterputthingsbackinplace最好把你的东西放回原位。Herdresswasoutofplaceattheceremony.（不得体,不适当）inplace还有“准备就绪”的意思。如：Thearrangem

20、entsfortheconcertnextSaturdayareallinplace.周六的音乐会已经准备就绪。Witheverythinginplace,shestartedtheslideshow.27.Pour1. 倒,灌,注Shepouredherselfanothercupoftea.她为自己又倒了一杯茶。2. 倾注;大量投入;大量生产Theyhavepouredmoneyintothetouristindustry.他们已经把大笔钱投入了旅游业。3. 倾吐,诉说Sheoftenpourshertroublestofriends.她经常向朋友们倾诉自己的苦恼。不及物动词vi.1. 倾

21、泻,涌流Thecrowdpouredoutoftheconcerthall.人群从音乐厅涌出来。SweatpouredfromMartin'sface.马丁脸上汗如雨下。2. 斟茶ShallIpour?我来斟茶好吗?3. (雨)倾盆而降(+down)Therainpouredsteadilydown.大雨不停地倾盆而下。Pourcoldwateron/over对一泼冷水Pouroilontheflames火上浇油Pouroilontroubledwaters平息风波Reading21award,reward,prizeaward指正式地或官方地颁发，授予，给予；也可以指法庭裁决给予。如

22、：Theschoolprincipalawardedaprizeinhistorytothebeststudent.学校校长将历史奖授予最出色的学生。reward答，报“报偿，奖赏”，表示由于做了某事而应该得到的东西。如：Thefiremanreceivedarewardforsavingthechild'slife.因救了小孩的命，消防员提到一笔奖金。prize奖赏，奖金，奖品“”，尤指在比赛中获得的荣誉。如：Hundredsofprizescanbewoninournewspapercompetition.参加我们报纸的竞赛可以赢得数以百计的奖品。2.Honorn.(U)荣誉，尊敬

23、;名誉Itsapointofhonorwithmetoreplyallmydebtspromptly.(C) 引以为荣的人/事，只用单数。(D) Thesuccessfullaunchofthe“ShenzhouVI”isanhonortoourcountry.dosbanhonor/thehonor(ofdoingsth)使某人有特殊的荣幸,赏光Willyoudomethehonorofdiningwithme?可否赏光和我一起吃饭？insb's/sth'阈honor的敬意WeareplanningabigChristmaspartyinyourhonor.我们正筹备为你举行

24、一次盛大的圣诞晚会。inhonorof，一为纪念，为庆祝Amonumentwasbuiltinhonoroftheheroeswhogaveuptheirlivesduringthewar.为了纪念在战争中献身的英雄们，建立了一座纪念碑。v.给予表扬(或奖励、头衔、称号)1 honorsb/sth(withsth)ThePresidenthonoreduswithapersonalvisit.2 behonoredfor因而受到尊敬DrBethunewashonoredforhisselflesswork.白求恩大夫由于他无私的工作而受到赞誉。3 be/feelhonoredthat很荣幸能做

25、Iamhonoredthatyoushouldnoticeme.我很荣幸您能注意到我。4 be/feelhonoredtodo很荣幸能做。Iamhonoredtobeherewithyou.能和你在这里我感到很荣幸。anhonoredguest贵宾3presentv.Joanwaspresentedwithhisawardataceremonywhichrecognizedthebraveryofthelifeofanother.1 .赠送present+sth.+to+sb.把某物送给某人present+sb.+withsth.赠送某人某物2 .introduce(sb)formally正式

26、介绍Shepresentedherboyfriendtous.她把男朋友介绍给我们。3 .show显示,呈现asmilingface显出一张笑脸4 .描述Thecharactersinthenovelarevividlyed.小说中人物被描写得很生动adj.作前置定语,“目前的,现在的”作后置定语,“出席的,在场的thepresentmembersthememberspresentn.gift礼物相关短语：thepresentday今天(=today)thepresent现在(相当于名词)atpresent/atthepresenttime=now现在bepresentat出席；到场forth

27、epresent暂时4).ceremonyn.(C)典礼；仪式(U)礼节；礼仪；客套Theweddingceremonywasbeautiful.Thereisnoneedforceremonybetweenus.Expressions:standonceremony拘泥礼节；讲究客套withceremony正式；隆重withoutceremony不拘礼节地；随便地Theheadofstatewaswelcomedwithfullceremony.人们以最高规格的仪式欢迎国家首脑。5 ）.Johnwasstudyinginhisroomwhenheheardscreaming.此句型中when

28、作并列连词相当于andthen意为"正当时突然”常用于以下句型：bedoingwhen正在做突然beabouttodowhen即将做突然beonthepointtodoWhefe做.突然has/have/haddonewhen®刚这时（突然）6 cutone'sfinger割破手指haveone'shaircut理发cutexpenses减少费用cutaclass逃学Wasyoursalarycut?你的薪水减少了吗?习惯用语：becutoutfor有做某事的天赋;适合于;与.相配合shortcut捷径,近路（一般和make,take连用;有时用作定语）dr

29、awcuts抽签cutabout乱切,乱砍乱跑cutat向.砍去猛打毁掉cutaway切除,剪掉匆匆跑掉cutback（on）减少;剪短;倒叙;缩减;中断;cutdown削减,压缩砍倒使丧命比.强;使.逊色cutin插进来说,插嘴夹进来,夹塞干预超车cutinto插进来,参加（谈话）,打断（别人的话）;减少,缩减;切开;侵犯（利益）cutoff切断,停掉隔绝,挡住死掉使电话中断切剪下来剥夺（继承权）cutout删掉停止（机器）失灵7 .anumberof+可数名词，谓语用复数，意为“许多，大量的，th”enumberof+可数名词，谓语用单数，意为“的数量”eg:1）Anumberofprob

30、lemshavearisen.已经出现了很多问题。2）Thenumberofcollegeshasincreasedinthepast10years.在过去的十年里，大学的数量有所增加。其他表示“许多，大量”的短语：agreat/goodmanyalarge/great/good/smallnumberof+可数名词agoodfew/quiteafewmanyamuchagreat/gooddealofagreat/largeamountof+不可数名词quitealittlealotof/lotsofagreat/largequanitityof+可数或不可数名词largequanititi

31、esofplentyof8 .putone'shandson找到eg:Fewofthestudentshaveputtheirhandsonthematerialsfortheircompositions.没有几个学生找到适合他们作文的素材。9 .treatvt.1）对待；看待，把.看作：treatsb.badly虐待某人treatsb.asdistinguishedguest把某人待为上宾treatsb.withconsideration对待某人很体贴Donottreatthisseriousmatterasajoke.2）讨论；探讨；详述；（文学，艺术作品中）描绘，描述；表现：He

32、treatsthissubjectthoroughlyinhisbook.他在书中详尽透彻地讨论了这个问题。3）医治，治疗：treatsb.forinfluenza给某人医治流行感冒treatsboothsatche治疗某人的牙痛4）款待，请客（to）:treatsb.toanice-cream（atheatre）请某人吃冰激凌（看戏）I'lltreatmyselftoasunbath要好好地享受一次日光浴。Letsgooutfordinn-e-r-mytreatthistime.这次由我请客。10.applyVt.涂,敷;应用;适用Applicationapplicant-appli

33、cance-applicable1）涂,敷她在脸上浓妆艳抹Sheappliedheavymakeuptoherface.2）我们应该把理论应用于实践。Weshouldapplytheorytopractice.Thisrulecannotbeappliedtoeverycase.vi.申请applytosbforsthapplyforajob申请就业Applyforascholarship申请奖学金applytodosth申请做某事TheyappliedtoreturntoChina.3）适用Schoolregulationsapplytoeverystudent.校规适用于每位学生。This

34、rulecannotapplytoeverycase.这条规则并不是在每种情况下都能适用的。applyoneself/sthtosth使致力（于）,使专心从事HeappliedhimselftolearningFrench.他致力于学习法语。专心于，致力于:BuryoneselfinAbsorboneselfinInvolveoneselfinloseoneselfincommitoneselftodevoteoneselftokeeponesmindon11.ThereisnodoubtthatJohn'squickthinkingandthefirstaidskillshelearnedatschoolsavedMsSlade&