国际音标讲义版(学生资料)

1、实用文档音素和国际音标1 .什么是音素：音素是语音的最小单位.2 .音素的分类：元音和辅音.3 .音素的个数：共48个,元音音素20个,辅音音素28个.4 .什么是音标：记录音素的符号叫做音标.5 .什么是国际音标：国际音标是由国际语音协会规定的一套音标,用来记录世界各主要语言 的语音.7. 开音节：a) 辅音 + 元音 + 辅音+e : name, bike, home, due, plane, shineb)辅音 十 元音：he, go, hi, do, be, tree, three, hello8. 闭音节：a) 辅音 + 元音 + 辅音：bad, bed, sit, hot, cup

2、,let, mad, mapb) 元音 + 辅音：it,is, of, in, on, up, out, ant9.重读音节：单词中发音特别响亮的音节.语音的根本常识1、音节的划分：一个单词的音标中有几个元音就有几个音节.2、重读音节：任何双音节或多音节单词的音标中,有重读音节和非重读音节,哪一个音节重读,该音节的左上方或该音节的元音上方标有重读符号“'.3、浊化音以sp_, st, sk 开头的单词中,清辅音/p/t/k/分别要发浊辅音/b/d/g/4、定冠词the的读音e.g. the manc.f. the old man5、不完全爆破爆破音p b t d k g后面紧跟另一个爆

3、破音时,前面的那个爆破音只在口腔内形成阻碍,而不能完全读出.例如： basketball the part of the earth6、连读在一个短语或句子中,如果相邻两词的关系相等密切,而前一个词以辅音结尾,后一个词以元音开头,辅音和元素连在一起读.7 、意群的停顿对于一个较长的句子,可以根据意思和结构将其分成几群,一个意群必须一口气说完.标准文案实用文档元音12个单、 、_ 兀首长元 音a：?：i: ?:u:短元 音A? i? u? e8个双、 、_. .、二儿日aiei? ii?e ?u ?au ? u辅音10对清 辅音ptkfs/t /tr 0 ts 浊 辅 音bdgvz3d3 dr

4、e dz 3个鼻音mn4 3个似拼音hrl标准文案实用文档2个半元音wj第一课 元音i： i ? : ?学习一i：发这个音的字母和字母组合e ea eee: me be she he we eveningee: sweet bee sweep sheep see sleep three greenea: meat leaf sea pea teach eat clean根据发音规那么,圈出以下单词中元音字母组合发音相同的两个词1. seat rain bean cat2. gift feet teacher dog3. pig star tree jeep4. sweet sea fish t

5、he二i发这个音的字母和字母组合i e y ey ayi : pig fish in fifteen six ship thine: begin behind jacket basketbally: happy heavy busy lorry carry sunnylovely study thirsty twenty thirty windy rainyey: monkey moneyay: Sunday Saturday Friday根据发音规那么,圈出每组中元音字母发音不相同的单词1. sofa sitkick lip2. ink giftjam ship3. hand picture

6、 big sister标准文案实用文档4. hot lick pig jelly(三)?：发这个音的字母和字母组合er ir ur ear orer: her serve termir : bird girl skirt first dirty skirt shirtur : nurse Thursday turtle purple curtainear : early learnor : word work world根据发音规那么,圈出每组中元音字母组合发音相同的单词.1 .thirty beer thirsty wheat2 . bank king her nurse3 .turtle

7、bird rabbit knee4 .room run shirt term(四)?发这个音的字母和字母组合 ure er ar or a e ure: pictureer : teacher brother dinner father sisterar : sugar or: doctora: panda about above camera sofa China根据发音规那么,找出发?的2个单词写在后面的横线上.1.mother sofa road smile2.sit father sister food3. hair deer tiger China4.sugar soon ear l

8、eader练习1.找出以下没有相同发音的词.green() he feet bread() pig is dogship标准文案() thirtybirdherfood( )shebiginmoney( ) sweetsfishteacherwe( )©teachersisteraboutgirl( ) tigerfirstworkshirt( ) treebeancleanchin( )©fatherdoctorskirtchina( )®happyseasitpicture2.读音标写单词.bi:b? :d si: swi:t'bizi h's

9、ist?li:f hi:3.连线.实用文档? :'d? kt?meat ?:thirsty i:driver ?animal i:第二课 音标?: ? u: u 学习一?:发这个音的字母和字母组合 a aw al or oora: wateraw: draw strawberryal : ball wallor : horse corn fork or short oor : floor door根据发音规那么,找出发?:的1个单词写在后面的横线上1.tall bird bread poor2.idea chair sport hare3 .cake bear walk cup标准文案

10、实用文档4 .drink short bag milk二?发这个音的字母和字母组合 o ao: fox coffee dog shop dog doctor longa: watch根据发音规那么,找出发?:的2个单词写在后面的横线上1 .doctor teacher box clothes 2.cold zoo clock dog2 .love boss lot violin 4.watch beach fox girl三u:发这个音的字母和字母组合 o oo uio : do who whoseoo : food moon tooui : fruit juiceu: ruler rude根

11、据发音规那么,找出不发u:的单词.1. juice moon zoo panda2. tooth broom eye spoon3. head boot noodles pool4. noon cool boot watch四u发这个音的字母和字母组合 o oo uo: woman wolfoo : look good book foot woodu: bull bullet根据发音规那么,选出与其它单词元音发音不相同的单词.1 .mouth book look pull2 .push tape sugar foot3 .wood kind wolf bull4 .bullet wood co

12、ok name练习标准文案实用文档uu:?：二.找出下次没有相同发音的词.() moonfoodeatfruit() truebookwoodlook() foursmallwalkbird() gotclockshopshirt()busfootpushbook() 10stballlongox() rulerdog mooncakeblue() bigshiphorseit四.写出单词或音标.bru:md? :sitb?:dfutwi:d? g'sist?lookdowater goodtoofootclockfirstwork sisterdoctor sea.抄写音标,一个抄写

13、10遍,一边抄写一边读五.将以下单词与正确的音标用线连起来?:hotfootballbluehookkissblu:hukki:sfutb ? :lh ? t第三课 音标a: A ? e 练习(一)a:发这个音的字母和字母组合 a ar au eara: grass glass class plant dance fast father lastar: car star arm March garden dark scarfau: laugh aunt标准文案实用文档ear : heart根据发音规那么,圈出发a:的2个单词.1 .arm lip doctor card2 . cloud ca

14、rt garden gate3 .ball scarf dark tiger4 . job lorry March park二A发这个音的字母和字母组合 o u oo ouo: son come colour love moneyu: sun nut jump gum bus brush supper usou: touch cousin country根据发音规那么,找出每组中发A的单词.1 .hear cup bed air2 . voice boy duck ant3 .vase corn bear gun4 . cute boy money her三?发这个音的字母和字母组合 aa :

15、 dad cap cat bad apple bag flag hand rabbit ant black fat has根据发音规那么,找出每组中发?的单词.1 .rat bed face sport2 .hear cup fat pear3 .rice bat finger tree4 .sea young knife apple四e发这个音的字母和字母组合e eae: egg bell desk leg pet ten penea: bread head breakfast标准文案实用文档根据发音规那么,找出每组中不发e的单词l.cat well leg pen2.sweat map p

16、et elephant3 .egg ten tall desk4 .bread head bed toy练习一.抄与口标,一个抄写5遍.a:A：?：e:二.选出以下没有相同发一音的词.()1.cararmfoodgarden()2.truejumpbuscut()3. bagshortmapflag()4.eggpenheadsmall()5.gotclockbelldog()6.rabbitbookwoodfoot()7.ratbatappleten()8.gunstarduckmoneg三.写出单词或音标pa:st ru:mgbusswetsitfba? tig car? tbreadcs

17、tarApheadsh? ：t四.选出以下每题中元音有几种读音, 有二种的回()1. hatfastcook() 2. jeepdoorsun() 3. dadcaphand( ) 4. starcarcut() 5. skirtsheepbird有一种读lastgummapfromher首的在里画,后两种读首的标准文案实用文档第四课 元音音标ei ai ? i au练习一ei发这个音的字母和字母组合 a ai aya: cake make name game snake gate lazyai: rain train waitay: day May play taday way根据发音规那么

18、,圈出以下单词中发音不一样的单词.1 .face wave sheep tail2 .grape plane name coat3 .time tape train snake4 .rain soap cake train二ai发这个音的字母和字母组合i y ie uyi: kite bike nice tiger write knifey: by cry fly my sky try whyie: tie pieuy: buy根据发音规那么,找出每组中发ai的2个单词.1 .rice good jam right2 .ship mine ice-cream mouse3 .cloud sit

19、 tie eye4 .write small tennis kite三? i发这个音的字母和字母组合 oi oyoi: oil boil coinoy: boy toy根据发音规那么,找出每组中发? i的2个单词.1.soil hear soy cold2. rabbit bed boy noise标准文案实用文档3. walk voise boil word4. tea enjoy toy milk(四)au发这个音的字母和字母组合ou owou: house mouse mouth trousersow: flower cow how now down根据发音规那么,选出不发au的单词.1

20、 . mouse cloud arm clown 2.teacher trousers cow mouth3. town dance flower house 4.tower blouse now baby练习 一.抄写音标,一个抄写 5遍.ei :ai? i ： au二.选出以下没有发相同发音的词() 1.cakeeggrainMay()2.kitecrybroomfly()3.boyjoycatnoise()4.blousesuncowhouse()5.towerflowermoutharm三.读音标,将以下单词补充完整或写出字母,单词的音标.klaud set k? in kr ? :s

21、c d sc n cr sfl ? gtreinfg trnhiboycowtoybike house四.把卜列单词卜止确的ibowbaugatepaitraygeitpietreipoisonp标准文案desk smaildslenow cakemyfacehownice彗标连接起来? izn实用文档第五课元音音标? u i ? e ? u ?的练习一? u发这个音的字母和字母组合 o oa owo: nose rose poen overoa: boat coat soap goatow:show window snow bowl根据发音规那么,圈出每组中发? u的2个单词.1 . coa

22、t goat tree river2 .make window knife road3 . your white row coat4 .boat hen nose lamp二i ?发这个音的字母和字母组合 ear eerear: ear hear teareer: deer beer根据发音规那么,圈出每组中发i ?的1个单词.1.bear beer fair tail 2.noodles pair near come3.horse near tower air 4. ring king here three三e?发这个音的字母和字母组合 air earair: hair chair pair

23、ear:pear bear wear根据发音规那么,圈出每组中发e?的1个单词.1.bear idea pineapple tail 2.noodles pair climb come3 .horse house tower air4 . ring king hare three四u ?发这个音的字母和字母组合 00r our ure标准文案实用文档oor: poor our: tourure: sure pure根据发音规那么,圈出每组中发u?的1个单词.1 .clear tourist pineapple tail2 .noodles pair climb fury3 .beard cur

24、e tower air4 . voice king pure engineer练习一.抄与首标,一个抄与 5遍.?:u?:? u :i?:e二.选出以下没有相同发音的词.()1. mouthcoatgoat()2. dearbeercake( ) 3. pairboyair()4. poortourEurope()5. boatbikeside三.写出单词或音标.n? uzsaidiwindowteacherharecryfly?kaupe?pu ? b? tear photodeernear五.把卜列单词与音标用线连起来.r? uztheater'9 i ? t? roseskwe

25、? tourtu ? squarepleisizplacesnosewu:dheargo标准文案实用文档辅音音标爆破音：ptk bdg摩擦音：f v s z 0 e 破擦音：tr dr ts dz tf t3鼻辅音：m n4 舌侧音：1出现在元音之前叫作清楚舌边音2出现在辅音及单词末尾时叫作模糊舌边音半元音：擦音中气流较弱,摩擦较小,介于元音跟辅音之间的音w j 3 / hr第六课 辅音音标p b t d 练习一p发这个音的字母和字母组合p ppp: piano panda parrot pet ship sheep pig stop pp: apple happy根据发音规那么,圈出没有发p

26、的单词.1.ship phone sleep pear2 .pick pen big pineapple3 .taxi parrot sheep pig4 .panda pony pet truck二b发这个音的字母和字母组合b bbb: book ball bird big boy bag bananabb:rubber rabbit cabbage根据发音规那么,圈出发b的2个单词.1 .cab gift beach love2 . pet god tub bed3 .weather boy bus make4 .rabbit read dress baby标准文案实用文档(三)t发这个音

27、的字母和字母组合t ttt: table tea taxi cat rat fat tickettt: butter matter根据发音规那么,圈出没有发t的1个单词.1 .taxi fat bag toy2 .hat ticket tea duck3 .pocket packet cat rain(四)d发这个音的字母和字母组合d edd: duck seed door desk day red head bed read cold ed: smiled opened played根据发音规那么,圈出没有发d的1个单词.1 .bed clothes hand2 .dog cold five

28、3 .dance duck grape练习一.抄与H标,一个抄写5遍.p:btd二.,选出下取没有相同发音的词()1. pearshipcoatpig()2. taxibeancabcabbage()3. hatseaticket wallet()4. seeddancehandfull()5. pickpensitpineapple()6. coldfinddoorchair()7. clothpurplepoolpush()8. eatfanquietset三.,写出单词或音标.p? nd?kAtdi:pklaud标准文案实用文档applepear rabbitread四.改变以下单词的一

29、个字母,使它变成另一个单词.short f衣物seaf感官动词pet f蔬菜tenf动物第七课 辅音音标k g s z 学习一k发这个音的字母和字母组合 c k ckc: cap cook cup car can classk: cook milk key desk kite cakeck: clock sock cock neck从以下单词中找出一个发sk的单词.1. cake car desk neck2. mask rock ink clock3. disk truck silk duck二g发这个音的字母和字母组合 g ggg: glass golf get girl bag goat

30、 flaggg: egg据发音规那么,圈出发g的单词.gas drive gum give violin bag jeans orange log bridge guess tank grade long language三s发这个音的字母和字母组合 s c ss ce s: star sun snake sea seec: pencil city cedar ceiling celebratess: grass glass class boss ce: face race rice nice根据发音规那么,圈出每组中2个发s的单词.标准文案实用文档1. whosejuicelickstude

31、nt2. thosecasescarfshoes3. spacenosesciencemeat4. tearspiecebusnose四z发这个音的字母和字母组合 z s sez: zero zebra zoos: bags photos sistersse: nose rose根据发音规那么,圈出每组中2个发z的单词.1 .zoo freeze lick case2. game play busy shoes3 .dog nose rose meat 4. tears peanut eagle zero 练习一.抄写音标,一个抄写 5遍.k ：gsz二.将以下没有相同发音的词找出来()1.

32、carstayneckclock()2. gasgivedrivebag( ) 3. seabossricecook()4. lickzoorosezero( ) 5. tearsfreezedeskbusy三.写出单词或音标.rais n? uzsneikgra:sg ? lfgla:sk? klegcakericemousenosebaggetkiteki:四.把以下单词与音标用线连接起来标准文案实用文档socks'giglgiggleg? ustghosts? ksfacet/ i:zcheesefeis根据译提示.(1) Daisy is the desk on dancing

33、 Miss.Daisy 小姐正在桌子上跳舞.(2) name 'sneik is My.我的名字叫做蛇O(3) a 'bi: I'm busy.我是一只忙碌的小蜜蜂第八课辅音音标/ 3 t / d3练习(一)/发这个音的字母和字母组合s shs: sugar suresh: ship sheep wash cash shop she根据发音规那么,圈出以下单词中发/ 的2个单词.1. shell ship watch desk 2. truck shirt skirt ship3. brush carrat sheep sleep 4. hero shape stree

34、t shelf(二)3发这个音的字母和字母组合s5: television, usually, Asia measure a garage, an unusual collision; a great decision;根据发音规那么,圈出以下单词中发3的2个单词.1. shell ship garage desk2. truck shirt pleasure ship3. brush casual sheep sleep4. hero shape leisure shelf标准文案实用文档(三)t /发这个音的字母和字母组合 ch tchch: teacher peach cherry ch

35、air tch: watch match根据发音规那么,找出以下单词中发t /的单词,并抄下来. chair dumpling beach cheese night she monkeyChina church these flower egg dream shark chick catch(四)d3发这个音的字母和字母组合 g j dgeg: ginger giraffej: jump job jamge: orange cabbage cage根据发音规那么,圈出以下单词中发d3的单词.egg giraffe dragon grass cabbage job gift gate orang

36、e drug jeans gun练习一.抄写音标,一个抄写5遍./ ：3:t/:二.选出下取具有相同发音的单词.()1.shellwatchship()2.shellpleasuresick()3. chair ChinaMonkey()4.jobgiftdoor()5.grasschickstart三.写出单词或音标.d3? mpi:t/seetreasure dream cabbage jeans/ ipw?门d3标准文案实用文档fishsheepshecatchpeachchickshoeswatch第九课 音标f v 0 e的练习一f发这个音的字母和字母组合f ff ph ghf: f

37、ive fan flower fish four leafff: giraffeph: phone elephant photogh: laugh选出以下单词中不发f的单词,写在横线上.knife flower foot fish pick get photo giraffe laugh leaf二v发这个音的字母和字母组合 v vev: video vase vestve: five love violin根据发音规那么,在不发v的单词上打xviolin move vote window van volcano white woman victory wet三9发这个音的字母和字母组合tht

38、h: three thin third teeth mouth根据发音规那么,圈出不发8的单词.1. . father three maths thirsty2. mouth throat Thursday brother3. think thirsty mother thousand标准文案实用文档4. thin thick they teeth(四)e 发这个音的字母和字母组合thth: father mother brother clothes weather根据发音规那么,圈出每组中发e 的1个单词1. . than sister brother three2. weather tha

39、nk night good3. tie look teeth they4. thin father throat watch练习一.抄写音标,一个抄写 5遍.fv:8 :e :二.将下次没有相同发音的词找出来()1. footknifepickfish( ) 2. window movevotevase( ) 3. threefanthousandthin( ) 4. fatherthembrotherwatch( ) 5. finish vanfoolfat三.写出单词或音标.'br A e ? keid3vestheti: 0 zi:pla:ffivesevenfootfatmou

40、ththirtythreefather四.选出以下每题中有几种读音.A. 一种 B. 二种 C.三种 D.四种()1.footroomleafvase() 2.vestfivelikelove() 3.shippeapickhike?k? k标准文案实用文档()4. thumb cutbrother mother()5. they thin mathsmouth第十课 辅音音标ts dz tr dr 的练习(一)ts发这个音的字母和字母组合ts tests: seats goats coats cats pets eatstes: gates kites dates tastes根据发音规那么

41、,找出发ts的4个单词写在后面的横线上 sands woods boots birdshats carrats hands bedsfriends rats seeds kids(二)dz发这个音的字母和字母组合 ds desds: seeds woods friends birds bedsdes: rides根据发音规那么,找出发dz的5个单词写在后面的横线上coats hands cats kitesbeds words pets kidsseats horse sands gates三tr发这个音的字母和字母组合trtr: tree truck trousers strawberry

42、trick根据发音规那么,找出没有发tr的3个单词写在后面的横线上.seats truck train trash tractordrink street drug trousers四dr发这个音的字母和字母组合drdr: draw drink driver dragon dry根据发音规那么,找出每组中发dr的2个单词写在后面的横线上标准文案1. dream duck dressrain2. ratdrain drugdoor3. tree treasure drawerdrink4. truck dragon dishdrum实用文档练习一.抄写音标,一个抄写5遍.drts :dz:tr二

43、.选出下次选项中具有相同发音的两个单词.()()1. dream shoes drink popcorn() () 2. truck thirsty bathtrash() () 3. beds pets wordsgates() () 4. birds boots ratsfriends()()5.drug drainrain dish三.写出单词或音标.'draiv? trainwuds kaitstrdr ? :g ? uts ' frendzhatshandsshirtsbedsbirdsheads treedresstry四.把卜列单词和音标用线连起来.itsk ?

44、uts trouserssi:dzcoatstr ? /seeds'draiv ? trashtrauz ? z driver第十一课辅音音标hrlm 的练习h wh一h发这个音的字母和字母组合标准文案实用文档h: he her head heart hair hamwh: who whose根据发音规那么,把以下单词中不发h的找出来.1. ham hat white ()2. horse whale who ()3. wheat hole hair ()(二)r发这个音的字母和字母组合r rr wrr: rice room ride road roserr: mirror carro

45、t parrotwr: write wrong wrap根据发音规那么,选出发r的单词,打,.1. bread driver wrong rain worker2. river father robot rope sister3. write fruit rabbit crown drum(三)l发这个音的字母和字母组合l llI: look light lock lucky lion tailII: ball pull dollar tell根据发音规那么,选出每组中不发l的单词.1. lamp nailflag woman()2. yellow fruit lion lychee ()3. grape bul