初中英语现在完成时讲解练习及答案

1、现在完成时,考点、热点回忆【词汇辨析】1. be famous for 和 be famous asbe famous for表示 因而知名,for后接表示知名的原因be famous as那么表示 以身份而著名“,as后接职业、身份或地位,表示作为职业、身份或地位是著名的eg. France is famous for its fine food and wine. 法国以其佳肴和美酒著名.France is famous as a romantic country . 法国作为个浪漫的国家而知名.2. hard 与 hardlyhard adv.努力地,费力地,辛苦地 “,如：He wor

2、ks hard.他努力工作.hard adj.努力的,辛苦的",如：Itz s a hard work.这是一项辛苦的工作.hardly否认副词,意思为 几乎不,表示否认含义,如：He works hardly.他几乎不工作.【固定搭配】力口-ingbe good at doing sth 擅长做某事eg: He is good at playing the piano.mind doing sth 介意做某事eg: Do you mind my opening the door?practice doing sth 练习做某事eg: My sister practices play

3、ing the piano every day.stop doing sth 停止做某事eg: The teacher is coming, please stop talking.What/How about doing sth.做某事怎样eg: What about going to the park this weekend?【现在完成时】A.表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动 作或状态.【常用时间状语】recently, lately, since+时间点,for+数字+时间名词,in the past few months/years

4、等【构成】肯定形式：have/has + done否认形式 ：have/has + not +done一般疑问句：have或has放于句首B.现在完成时的用法1现在完成时所表示的动作在说话之前已完成,而对现在有影响.eg. The car has arrived. 车子来了.结果：车子已在门口Someone has broken the window. 有人把窗户打破了.结果：窗户仍破着区别: have been to, have gone to, have been inhave been to,表示去过某个地方,不过现在已经回来了have gone to表示去了,但还没有回来,也许是在去的

5、途中have been in指的是在某个地方,从过去一直延续到现在例如：你以前去过北京么？ 例如：A: Is Mr.Wang at home?B: No,he is not in, 他夫香港了2现在完成时所表示的动作开始于过去,持续到现在,也许还会持续下去.常用for和since表示段时间的状语或so far, now, today, this week month , year等表示包括现在时间在内的状语.eg. He has studied English for 5 years.He has studied English since 2001.Now I have finished t

6、he work.注意：表示短暂时间动作的词,如：come, go, die, marry, buy等的完成时不能与 for, since等表示一段时间的词连用.用来持续的动作或状态或表过去重复的动作,如 since 自从或for 经历引导的词语连用.如：I have lived here for more than thirty years.我已在此住了go out f be outfinish f be over由非延续性动词到延续性动词的转换 arrive f be herebegin(start) - be on die - be deadcome back f be backleave

7、 f be awayfall ill(sick, asleep)fbe ill(sick, asleep)get up f be upput on f we威 be on open f be open join fbe in或 be a member of close f be closedlive, study, be, wait 等,常和30多年.borrow f keepbuy f havecatch(a cold) have(a cold) get to know f know begin to study f study come to workf workgo to school

8、fbe a student典型例题()I.When he arrived at the bus stop, the bus for 20 minutes.A. has left B. had left C. has been away D. had been away ()2. I the League for 5 years so far.A. joined B. have joined C. have been in ()3.The factory since the February of 1988.A . has been open B. has openedC. was openD.

9、 opened()4.Mary and Rose friends since they met in 2000.A. have madeB. have beenC. madeD. have become()5.You mustn't until he comes back.A. be away B. leave C. be left()6.The meeting for a week now.A. has finished B. has ended C. has been over()7.Miss Gao this school for nearly 5 years.A. has be

10、en in B. has come to C. has taught()8.Ben a teacher for 4 years.A. has been B. has become C. was D. became()9. I home for a week.A. have returned B. have been back C. returned()10. How long he?A. diedB. has, diedC. has, been dead()11. He at eight yesterday afternoon.A. sleptB. was sleeping C. has sl

11、eepD. had slept()12.He the car for a week.A. bought B. has bought C. has had (1 13.-How long you ill ?-Two weeks.A. did fall B. have, fellC. have, been(1 14.Since 2000, he his hometown.A. has leftB. has moved away C. has been away from11 15.I'll lend you the book , but you can only it for 2 days

12、.A. borrowB. keepC. take1 1、Both his parents look sad. Maybe they what's happened to him.A. knew B. have known C. must know D. will know)2、He has been to Shanghai, has he ?A. already B. neverC. everD. still)3、Have you met Mr Li ?A. just B. agoC. beforeD. a moment ago)4、The famous writer one new

13、book in the past two year .A. is writing B. was writing C. wroteD. has written()5、Our country a lot so far .Yes. I hope it will be evenA. has changed; well B. changed; good C. has changed; better D. changed; better)6、Zhao Lan already in this school for two years .A. was; studyingB. will; study C. ha

14、s; studiedD. are; studying)7、We Xiao Li since she was a little girl .A. know B. had known C. have known D. knew)8、 Harry Potter is a very nice film. I it twice.A. will see B. have seen C. sawD. see)9、 These farmers have been to the United States .一Really? When there?A. will they go B. did they go C.

15、 do they go D. have they gone )10、you your homework yet?Yes. Iit a moment ago.A.Did; do; finishedB.Have; done; finishedC.Have; done; have finishedD.will; do; finish)11、His father the club since 1988.A. joined B. has joined C. was in )12、Do you know her well?-Sure .We friends since ten years ago.A. w

16、ere B. have been C. have become )13、How long have you here?About seven years.A. been B. goneC. comeD. has been inD. have madeD. arrived)14、Hurry up! The program for five minutes .A. has begun B. had begun C. has been on D. began15、It ten years since he came Chengdu.A. isB. hasC. willD. was16、Miss Gr

17、een isn't in the office. She to the library.A. has goneB. wentC. will goD. has been17、My parents Shandong for ten years .A. have been inB. havebeen toC. have gone toD. have been18、He for 2 hours.A. got upB. has got up C. has been up19、 Tom is ill in hospital. He a cold for several days.A. isB. c

18、atchesC. has caughtD. has had20、His grandparents for more than 9 years.A. has come here B. has started to work C. has lived there D. has left the university汉译英1、吉姆已做完作业,他现在有空了.2、他昨天收到一封信.3、我父亲以前到过长城.4、她还没有看过那部新电影.5、 她去过上海.1、现在完成时主要强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响,或过去发生的动作还未结束,一直持续到 现在或将来,重点在于对现在的影响.这种考查难度较大,往往无时间状

19、语,需要从上下文分析、推理 才行.故上两侧根据上下文分析、推理,正确答案是Bo2、现在完成时常与already 已经,just 刚刚,正好,ever 曾经,never 从来,也不；从不,before 以前,yet 仍然等连用.故 2应选B.3、C4、现在完成时常与 recently 近来,so far 到目前为止,in the past/ stl+ 一段时间等时间状 语连用.由于上述短语表示的是从现在起往前推算的一段时间,句中的动作是从过去某一时间或时刻开始持续到现在的.故 4应选Do5、C6、现在完成时时常与“for时间段或since +过去时间点连用含从句,从句过去时.故6应选C.7、C8、现在完成时还与 once 一次,twice 两次,three times 三次,several times 几次等表示 重复次数的词语连用.故 8应选B.9、现在完成时与一般过去时容易混淆,就是由于它们所表示的动作都发生在过去,但二者又有区别：一般过去时表示过去某个时间