人教版八年级上册英语Unit1知识点语法归纳总结

1、Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?1.短语归纳 go on vacation 去度假14 feel like感觉像 /想要 stay at home 呆在家15 go shopping 购物 go to the mountains 上山/ 进山16 in the past 在过去 go to the beach到海边去17 walk around 绕走 visit museums参观博物馆18 too many太多（可数名词前卸） go to summer camp 去夏令营19 because of 因为 quite a few相当多20 one bow

2、l of 一碗 study for为学习21 find out查出来/发现 go out出去22 go on继续 most of the time大部分时间/绝大多数时间23 take photos 照相11 taste good尝起来味道好24 something important 重要的事情12 have a good time 玩的开心25 up and down 上上 卜卜13 of course当然可以26 come up 出来2.典句必背 一Where did you go on vacation? 你到哪里去度假了 ？一I went to New York City.我去了 纽

3、约城 一Did you go out with anyone?你出去带人吗？- No, No one was here. Everyone was on vacation. 不，没有人在这儿。大家度去度假了。 一Did you buy anything special? 你买了什么特别的东西吗？ Yes, I bought something for my father.对，我给父亲买了一些东西。 一How was the food? 食物怎么样？Everything tasted really good.每一样东西真的都好吃。 一Did everyone have a good time?大

4、家玩的开心吗？ Oh, yes. Everything was excellent.对，一切都很精彩。3.用法集萃(1) Where did you go on vacation ?你去哪里度假了 ？ I went to the mountains. 我去爬山了。? Where did you.?是一般过去时的特殊疑问句，其句式结构为：疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他成分？其中did是助动词，没有人称和数的变化，实义动词要用原形。例：What did you do yesterday afternoon?你昨天下午干什么了 ？I played tennis with my friend.

5、我和我的朋友一起打网球了。? on vacation意为"在度假"。例： My family went to Hainan on vacation last year. 我家人去年去海南度假了。(2) Oh, did you go anywhere interesting? 哦，你去什么有趣的地方了吗 ？?anywhere是副词，意思是“任何地方；无论何处”，常用于否定句、疑问句或条件状语从句中。例：I cannot find it anywhere.我在什么地方都没找到它。Are you going anywhere tonight? 今晚你要去什么地方吗 ？If you

6、 go anywhere, take me with you. 你要是去什么地方， 带我一起去。?若是肯定句中说某个地方，应用somewhere。例：I remember seeing him somewhere. 我t己得在哪儿见过他?somewhere/anywhere有时与修饰语连用，这时候，其修饰语要置于somewhere/ anywhere之后。例：You can go anywhere interesting if you want. 如果你想，你可以去任何一个有趣的地方。? 辨析：somewhere, anywhere, everywhere 与 nowheresomewhere

7、“某处、在某处”，强调在一个地方，用于肯定句I remember seeing him somewhere.我记得在哪儿见过他anywhere“在什么地方、任何地方”，I cannot find it anywhere.(否定句)附于否定句、疑问句、条件状语从句中，在肯定句中表示“随便什么地方”我在什么地方都没找到它。Are you going anywhere tonight?(疑问句)今晚你要去什么地方吗 ？If you go anywhere, take me with you.(条件状语从句)你要是去什么地方，带我一起去。everywhere“到处、处处”，强调多个地方，用于肯定句He

8、 follows me everywhere.我无论去哪儿他都跟着我。nowhere“不在任何地方；任何地方都不”，和anywhere是反义词，意思相反He has nowhere to stick up his posters.他没地方贴海报了。(3) Did you buy anything special?你买什么特殊的东西了吗？? anything是复合不定代词，常用于否定句、疑问句及 if或whether之后。例：Do you have anything to say?形容词修饰复合不定代词时，要把形容词放在复合不定代词后面。例：Last night I saw someone st

9、range lying on the ground near my home.昨晚在我家附近，我看见一个陌生人躺在地上。If you have anything important to tell me, please call me.如果你有什么重要的事要告诉我，请给我打电话。(4) We took quite a few photos there.我们在那里拍了相当多的照片。? take photos 意为"拍照、照相”,take a photo of sb./sth.意为“给 拍照"。例：We took many photos on the Great Wall.我们

10、在长城上拍了很多照片。? few意思是“很少；几乎没有"，而a few表示"一些"，quite a few表示“相当多的” 都修饰可数名词。例：He has few friends here ,s0 he feels lonely.他在这里几乎没朋友.所以他感觉寂寞。Quite a few students go to school by bike.相当多的学生骑自行车上学。辨析：few, a few 与 little, a little注解例句few后接可数名词，且要用复数形式，含否定意义He has few friends.他朋友很少。a few后接可数名词，

11、且要用复数形式，不含否定意义Please wait for a few minutes.请等几分钟。littlelittle后接不口数名词，含否定意义He knows little English. 他几乎不懂英语。a littlea little后接/、可数名词，不含否定意义There is a little milk in the bottle.瓶子里后少量的牛奶。巧记：a few beans有几粒豆子few beans几乎没有豆子little milk几乎没有牛奶a little milk有一点牛奶(5) How did you like it?你认为它怎么样 ？? How do you

12、 like.?意为“你觉得 怎么样？”，用于询问对方的观点或看法，相当于 What do you think of.? 或 How do you feel about.?例：How do you like your new job? = What do you think of your new job?你觉得你的新工作怎么样(6) Still no one seemed to be bored .好像仍然没有一个人感到无聊。? bored表示“感到厌倦的"，用来说明人的感受；boring表示“令人厌烦的、无趣的”，用来说明事物的特征。例：She is bored with her

13、job.她对自己的工作不感兴趣。The lecture was deadly boring.那讲座真是乏味极了。以-ed结尾的形容词，通常用来修饰或者描述人，以 -ing结尾的形容词，通常用来修饰或者描述物。类似的形容词还有：interested/ interesting; excited exciting； surprised surprising o I arrived in Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family.今天早上我和家人到达了马来西亚槟城。? 辨析：get, arrive, reach (三者都有 到达”之意，但用法上有所区

14、别)get不及物动词，其后若跟地点名词，要用get toHow does he get to school?他是怎样到校的？arrive不及物动词，后面接地点名词时需加介词in或at,大地点用 arrive in ,小地点用 arrive at。如果不接地点。则直接用arriveLisa will arrive in Beijing next week.莉萨将会于卜周到达北京How did he arrive at the airport?他是怎样到机场的？reachreach是及物动词，后面可直接跟宾语，般不接地点副词Please reach the TV station on time.请

15、按时到电视台注忌：当get, arrive后跟地点副词(如 here, there, home等)的时候，其后不必加任何介词例：We will get/ arrive there at nine.我们会在九点到达那里(8) It was sunny and hot, so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel.天气晴朗且炎热，因此我们决定去我们宾馆附近的海滩。? decide意为“决定”，既可作及物动词，又可作不及物动词。?作及物动词时，后面常接名词、动词不定式、“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”或宾语从句。例：I can ' t decid

16、e the date of the meetin或决定不了这次会议的日期。We decided to go there.我们决定去那里。We decided that we would not go to the party tonight. 我们决定今晚不去参加聚会? 作不及物动词时，常与介词on或upon连用，后接可数名词。例：She decided on the red shoes.她决定买这双红色的鞋了。(9) I wonder what life was like here in the past. 我想知道这里过去的生活是什么样子的。?wonder作及物动词，意为“想知道；对.感到

17、好奇”，后常接who, what, why, where等引导的宾语从句。从句用陈述句语序。例：I wonder why Ann is late.我想知道安为什么迟到了。She wondered what the child was doing.她想知道孩子在做什么。(10) I really enjoyed walking around the town.我真的很喜欢在镇上到处走走。 enjoy为及物动词，意为“喜爱；欣赏；享受.的乐趣”，其后接名词代词或动名词作宾语。例：Do you enjoy your job? 你喜欢你的工作吗 ？I enjoy reading books.我喜欢读书

18、。? 拓展：玩得开心相关表达enjoy oneselfIt seemed that he didn't enjoy himself at theparty在聚会上玩得不开心。have funWe have fun talking with him.我们和他一起聊天很高兴。have a good/nice/great/wonderful timeThey have a good time playing in the park. 他们在公园玩得很开心。 walk around.意为“在.四处走走“例：He' s just walking around the village.他只

19、是在村庄里随便走走。(11) What a difference a day makes! 一天的变化有多大呀 what引导感叹句，what用来修饰名词。常见的结构有:What a/ an+形容词+可数名词的单数(+主语+谓语)！What a beautiful girl she is!她是一个多么漂亮的女孩啊！What+形容词+ /、可数名词/可数名词的复数(+主语+谓语)！What good weather it is!多好的天气啊！What hard -working students they are!他们是多么努力的学生啊！ difference意为"差别，差异"

20、；其形容词形式为different,意为“不同的；有差异的”例：What' s the difference between skating and skiing?滑冰和滑雪有什么不同 ？(12) And because of the bad weather , we couldn't see anything below.并且由于这坏天气，我们看不见下面的任何东西。because of意为“因为.由于.,后接名词或代词，相当于"because响子”所以本句可替换为：And we couldn ' t see anything below because th

21、e weather was bad.(13) My father didn ' t bregough money, so we only had one bowl of rice and some fish.我的爸爸没有带足够多的钱，因此我们只吃了-碗米饭和一些鱼肉。?enough既可作形容词，也可作副词，还可作代词，用法如下：代词，“足够；充分”可以代替可数名词或不可数名词，在句中作主语或宾语。I have had enough. Thank you.谢谢你，我吃饱了。形容词，“足够的”修饰名词作定语，置于被修饰的名词前后均可。I have enough money to buy a

22、 dictionary.我有足够的钱买本词典。副词，“足够地；充分地”常置于被修饰的动词、形容词或副词之后， 一般不跟that从句。He is not old enough to go to school.他年龄太小，不能去上学。4.语法聚焦(1)复合不定代词不指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫作不定代词。复合不定代词是由some-, any-, every-, no-加上-one,-body, -thing等所组成的不定代词。包括:-one-body-thingsome-someonesomebodysomethingany-anyoneanybodyanythingevery-everyonee

23、verybodyeverythingno-no onenobodynothing这些复合不定代词具有名词性质，在句中可用作主语、宾语或表语，但不能用作定语。使用时注意以下几点:指代对象不同（辨析：some-, any-）some-构成的复合不定代词用于肯定句作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式any-构成的复合不定代词附于否定句、疑问句含some-和any-的复合不定代词的用法区别some-any-one/body只用来指人Someone/Somebody is crying in the next room.有人在隔壁房间哭。thing只用来指事物Are you going. to buy anyt

24、hing? 你会去买些东西吗 ？?在表示请求、邀请、提建议等 带有委婉语气的疑问句 和希望得到对方肯定答复的疑问句以及表示反问的问句 中，也可用 something, someone, somebody 等复合不定代词。例：Would you like something to eat? 你要吃些东西吗 ？? 当anything表7K 任何事（物），无论任何事（物），anyone, anybody表示 无论谁，任何人 等 意义时，它们也可以用于肯定句中。例：Anything is OK.什么都行复合不定代词的数?复合不定代词都具有单数的含义，当它们充当句子的主语时，其后的谓语动词用单数形式。例

25、：Is everyone here today?今天每个人都到了吗 ？Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it.世上无难事，只怕有心人。 复合不定代词的定语需后置，即放在复合不定代词的后面。例：Can you tell something interesting? 你能讲些有趣的事情吗？（2） 一般过去时（I）一般过去时的用法一般过去时用来描述过去发生的动作或存在的状态。常和一般过去时搭配的标志性的时间状语有 yesterday, last week, in the past 等。例：They stayed at home yeste

26、rday.昨天他们待在家里。一般过去时的三种句式结构：含be动词主语 +was/ were+表语They were very happy. 他们很开心。There be 句型There was/ were+主语+地点状语There was a farm near here two years ago.两年前这儿附近有一个农场。含行为动词主语+行为动词的过去式+其他The students went to the farm yesterday.昨天学生们去农场了。 一般过去时的句式变化be动词的一般过去时的句式变化启7E句主语+was/were+表语We were at home yesterd

27、ay.昨天我们在豕。否定句主语+wasn' t/weren 't+oWe weren t at home yesterday.昨们豕。一般疑问句Was/Were+主语+表语？Were you at home yesterday?昨天你们在家吗 ？肯定答语Yes,主语 +was/were.Yes, we were.是的，我们在家。否定答语No,主语 + wasn' t/ weren '匕No, we weren' t不,我们/、在家。there be句型的一般过去时的句式变化:白立句There was/ were+主语+地点状语.There were so

28、me trees in the village five years ago.五年前这个村庄后,些树。否定句There wasn' t/ weren 主语 + 地点语.There weren ' t any trees in the village five years ago.五年前这个村庄没有树。一般疑问句Was/Were there+主语+地点状语？ Were there any trees in the village five years ago?五年前这个村庄启树吗？肯定答语Yes, there was/were. Yes, there were.是的，有。否定答语

29、No, there wasn ' t/ werenTNo, there weren't.不，没有。行为动词的一般过去时的句式变化启7E句主语+动词的过去式+其他.We went to the museum last week.上周我们去博物馆了。否定句主语+didn't+动词原形+其他.We didn t go to the museum last week.上周我们没有去博物馆。一般疑问句Did+主语+动词原形+其他？一Did you go to the museum last week? 上周你们去博物馆了 吗 ？肯定答语Yes,主语+did.Yes, we did.是的，我们去了。否定答语No,主语 +didn't.