详解托福阅读句子插入题的本质和原则

1、详解托福阅读句子插入题的本质和原则PART1 个本质-插入句是一句“可有可无”的话本题的出题位置大家比较清楚，一般处于倒数第二题的位置，并 且用来出题的段落是大家应该在前面的题目中已经见到过，而之前的 题目和文章既然大家理解起来没有出现大的障碍，就说明插入进来的 句子是 一句可有可无的话。这就要从两个方面来理解了。何为“可有”?既然插入句能放进原文中去，就说明它和原文是有一定关系的， 所以叫“可有”，这也就意味着，插入句的部分含义是在原文中有所 重复的。所以我们的重点是回到文中找那部分被重复的句意。例如：Watt 's steam engine soon showed what it

2、could do。 Itliberated industryfrom dependence on running water。 Theengine eliminated water in the mines bydriving efficient pumps， which made possible deeper and deeper mining。andTheready availability of coal inspired William Murdoch during the 1790s to developthe first new form of nighttime illumin

3、ation to be discovered in a millenniumand a half 。 Coal gas rivaled smoky oil lamps and flickering candles ， earlyin the new century ， well-to-do Londoners grew accustomed to gaslit houses andeven streets 。 Iron manufacturers ， which had starved for fuel while depending oncharcoal ， also benefited f

4、rom ever-increasing supplies of coal ： blast furnaceswith steam-powered bellows turned out more iron and steel for the new machinery.Steam became the motive force of the Industrial Revolution as coal and iron orewere the raw materials 。(TPO6-Powering the Industrial Revolution)Look at the four square

5、s that indicate where the following sentencecould be added to the passage。The factories did not have to go to the streams when power could come tothe factories 。Where would the sentence best fit?在上题 中，“ liberated industry from dependence onrunning water ”和 “ The factoriesdid not have to go to the st

6、reams ”句意便发生了重合。所以我们能够确定，文中第二句话的前 后应该是我们能够选择的范围。何为“可无”?这个便是经常被大家忽略的 地方。既然这句话，能够省略，那么 这个插入句究竟要符合什么特点呢 ?还是以上题为例，我们发现 “liberatedindustry from dependence on running water”和“The factories did not have to go tothe streams”句意发生了重合，那究竟应该把插入句放在第二个还是第三个呢 ?这时就需要分情 况讨论了：情况 1：放在第二个，也就是说我们认为插入句是和下文相关系， 既然要符合“可无”这

7、个本质，所以说插入句必须是对下文概括或者 引出。情况 2：放在第三个，也就是说我们认为插入句是和上文相关系， 既然要符合“可无”这个本质，所以说插入句必须是对上文进一步解 释。综合以上两种情况，我们会发现，插入句要么总结引出下文，要 么进一步解释上文。所以我们会发现，在插入题中，前一句的叙述范 围应该总比后一句大。根据上述内容，也就引出了我们需要注意的一个非常重要的做题 原则：PART2 个原则在插入题中，句子的叙述顺序遵循从大到小，从抽象到具体的原 则。找到重复的句意后，按照大小顺序安置插入句的位置。在上题 中，“ liberated industry from dependence on

8、running water ”的意思是解放了工厂对水流的依赖。“ The factories did not have to go to thestreams”的意思是工厂不用 去往河流的位置。显然前者说的更概括和抽象，后者更具体，所以按 照从大到小的顺序，应该选择第二个。PART3实践练习Trade between the West and the settled and prosperous Chinese dynastiesintroduced new forms and different technologies 。 One of the most far-reachingexamp

9、les is the impact of the fine ninth-century AD。 Chinese porcelainwaresimported into the Arab world 。 So admired were these pieces that they encouragedthe development of earthenware made in imitation of porcelain and instigatedresearch into the method of their manufacture 。 From the Middle East the C

10、hineseacquired a blue pigment a purified form of cobalt oxide unobtainable at thattime in China that contained only a low level of manganese 。 Cobalt ores found inChina have a high manganese content ， which produces a more muted bluegraycolor 。 In the seventeenth century ， the trading activities of

11、the Dutch EastIndia Company resulted in vast quantities of decorated Chinese porcelain beingbrought to Europe， which stimulated and influenced the work of a wide variety ofwares ， notably Delft 。 The Chinese themselves adapted many specific vessel formsfrom the West ， such as bottles with long spouts ， and designed a range ofdecorative patterns especially for the European market 。(TPO10-Chinese Pottery)Look at the four squares that indicate where the following sentencecould be added to the passage。Foreign trade was also responsible for certain innovatio