初中疑问句、祈使句、感叹句(共7页)

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上(1) 疑问句：用来提出疑问的句子。可以分为：一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句四种类型。1) 一般疑问句：能够用Yes或者No来回答的疑问句叫一般疑问句。肯定回答用Yes，否定回答用No。一般疑问句的结构是：Be主语表语？或者是：助动词/情态动词 主语谓语？例如：Are you a teacher? 你是老师吗？Yes, I am. 是的，我是。或：No, I am not. 不，我不是。Does your mother go shopping on Sunday? 你妈妈星期天购物吗？Yes, she does. 是的，她经常去购物。或：No, she

2、 doesnt.不，她不经常去购物。Must we go at once? 我们必须立刻走吗？Yes, we must. 是的，必须走。或：No, we neednt. 不，没有必要。注意：一般疑问句也可用表示肯定或否定的词来回答，如certainly(当然)， surely(当然)， of course(当然)，I think so（我想是的），all right(好吧)，certainly not(当然不是), not at all(一点也不), never(从不)，sorry(很抱歉)，not yet(还没有) Im afraid not(恐怕不是)等。2) 特殊疑问句：用来对句子的某一

3、特殊部分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。特殊疑问句一般用降调。其结构是：特殊疑问词一般疑问句（）？对它的回答不能用Yes或者No，要根据询问的内容具体回答。例如：Where were you at that time? 那时你在哪里？I was at home. 我在家。常用的疑问代词有who（谁），whom（谁），whose（谁的），which（哪一个），what（什么）； 疑问副词有when（何时），where（何地），why（为什么），how（如何）以及“how+形容词”构成的短语。例如：Who is your teacher? 谁是你的老师？（指人，作主语）Whom did you telep

4、hone to just now? 你刚才给谁打电话？（指人，作宾语）Whose coat is this? 这是谁的大衣？（作定语）Which child knows the answer? 哪个孩子知道答案？（作定语）What class are you in? 你在几班？（指物，作定语）When will you arrive?（提问时间）Where has he gone?（提问地点）Why are you late again?（提问原因）How do you often go to school? （提问方式）How far is it from your house to you

5、r school? (how far 提问距离)How often does he go to the French club? (how often 提问频率)3） 选择疑问句：选择疑问句是提供两种或者两种以上的情况，问对方选择哪一种。其结构可以用一般疑问句也可以用特殊疑问句，之间用连词or链接。选择疑问句不能用yes或者no来回答，必须选择其中之一来回答。例如：Shall we go there by bus or on foot? 我们乘坐公共汽车去还是步行去？Well go by bus. 我们乘坐公共汽车去。Which do you like better, tea or coffe

6、e? 茶和咖啡，你更喜欢哪种？I like tea better. 我更喜欢茶。4) 反意疑问句：也叫附加疑问句，是在陈述句的后面加一个简短问句，对陈述句所说的事实或者观点提出疑问或希望陈述句部分内容得到证实。结构为“肯定陈述句+否定问句+?”或“否定陈述句+肯定问句+？”。例如：You are coming, arent you? 你会来的，是吗？You cant swim, can you? 你不会游泳，对吗？Her brother went to college last year, didnt he? 她哥哥去年上的大学，是不是？注意：陈述部分的主句带有no, never, nothi

7、ng, nowhere, hardly, seldom, few, little等否定词或半否定词时，附加问句用肯定形式。例如：You hardly speak English, do you? 你几乎不能说英语，对吗？They have few friends here, do they? 他们在这里几乎没有朋友，对吗？There be句型的反意疑问句，其附加问句仍用there。There will be a party tomorrow, wont there? 明天有个晚会，是不是？陈述部分是一个主从复合句，附加问句一般要和主句一致。但是当陈述部分是“Im sure, Im afraid

8、, I (dont) think / believe +宾语从句”结构时，附加问句应与从句一致，而且要注意否定转移现象。He said he was late for class, didnt he? 他说他上课迟到了，是吗？I dont think he is good at math, is he? 我认为他不擅长数学，是不是这样？（否定转移）反意疑问句的答语一般要根据事实用yes或no引导的简单问句回答，汉语的翻译有时和英语不一致。例如：She cant swim, can she? 她不会游泳，对吗？Yes, she can. 不，她会。You werent here yesterda

9、y, are you? 你昨天没有在这里，对吗？No, I wasnt. 是，我不在。(2) 祈使句：祈使句是用来表示请求、命令、劝告、建议等语气的句子。祈使句的主语一般是第二人称you，但往往省略，谓语一般用动词原形，否定句是用助动词dont动词原形其他。例如：Dont be late next time. 下一次不要迟到。Open the door, please. 请打开门。有时候祈使句的后面用附加疑问句加强语气。例如：Dont tell it anyone, will you? 不要告诉任何人，好吗？(3) 感叹句：表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子叫感叹句。感叹句的末尾用感叹号。句子开头经

10、常用what或者how。1）How在感叹句中可以修饰形容词、副词、或整个句子等。例如：How beautiful the skirt is! 这条裙子多漂亮呀！How tall your brother is！你的哥哥多高呀！How time flies! 时间过得真快呀！2）what在感叹句可以修饰名词。如果名词是可数名词的单数形式，用whata/an（形容词）名词主语谓语！如果是不可数名词或者可数名词的复数形式用What（形容词）名词主语谓语！例如：What a tall boy your brother is! 你哥哥是一个多么高的男孩！What beautiful pictures t

11、hey are! 那些图画多美丽呀！注意：what和how引导的感叹句有时可以互换，但是要注意词序的变化。例如：他是多聪明的孩子！What a clever boy he is! = How clever a boy he is!= How clever the boy is! I.单项选择。1_ do you make a banana milk shake? Peel the banana first and blend it with milkAWhat BWhen CHow DWhere2There are two libraries in this city，_?Aarent the

12、re Barent they Cisnt it D. is it3She doesnt like geography，does she? _AYes，she does BYes，she doesnt CNo，she does D. Yes，she is4_ information he offered us! We all thank himAWhat useful BWhat useless CHow useful DHow useless5John，clean your room，_? Awill you Bshall we Cdont you Ddoesnt he6_ won the 1

13、00th gold medal at the Olympics for China? Zhang YiningShes from BeijingAWho BWhat CWhen DWhere7 Our hometown is more beautiful than before_?Aisnt it Bis it Cdoesnt it Ddoes it8 _ will the foreign students be back from Xibaipo? In five daysAHow soon BHow often CFlow far DHow fast9. _ weather it is!A

14、. What a fine B. How fine C. What fine D. How fine the10. _ day it is! Lets go out and have a picnic.A. How cold B. How nice C. What a cloudy D. What a lovely11. I suppose you are not going today, _?A. are you B. do you C. dont you D. arent you12.Dont you often go shopping? _. I work very late every

15、 day.A. Yes, I do B. No, I dont C. Yes, I dont D. No, I do13.Linda had nothing for breakfast this morning , _? No, she got up too late.A. had she B. hadnt she C. did she D. didnt she14._ is that man over there? Thats my brother.A. Who B. What C. Where D. How15._ did you have the party last night? In

16、 the park.A. What B. Why C. When D. Where16._ sleep too late. Its bad for your health. A. Do B. Not C. Dont D. Isnt17._, and you will do well in physics. A. Studying B. Study hard C. Studies hardD. To study hard18.You bought a new computer last week, _? A. arent you B. dont you C. didnt you D. haven

17、t you19. _ its blowing outside!A. What heavy B. How heavy C. How heavily D. What heavily20. _ Mrs. Smith is!A. How kind woman B. What a kind womanC. What kind woman D. How a kind womanII. 按括号内要求完成下列句式。1. The worker's visited the factory already.（改成否定句、一般疑问句） The worker _ _ the factory _. _ the w

18、orker _ the factory _? 2. She writes to her parents once a week.（对划线部分提问） _ _ _ she write to her parents? 3. Our P.E teacher has been at this school since he came.（对划线部分提问） _ _ _ our P.E teacher been at this school? 4. Edison built a science lab himself when he was ten. （改为一般疑问句） _ Edison _ a science lab himself when he was ten？ 5. Those Japanese like