商务合同翻译技巧

1、 Business Contracts 商务合同商务合同 例如：修改 amendments to or alterations of ； 效力 force and effect ；履行 fulfill or perform；提供furnish and provide ； 解释 interpretation or construction ； 达成 make and enter into ； 无效 null and void；I I、同义词、近义词等连用。、同义词、近义词等连用。在商务合同中，经常用同义词，间用and 或or 连接。此种用词意在强调说明合同内容、严格区分条款项目，在避免因歧义而发

2、生纠纷。 依照本协议的条款规定on the terms and subject to the conditions 由双方 by and between 秘密secret and confidential 可转让transferable or assignable II II、复合词多使用带有、复合词多使用带有herehere，therethere，wherewhere等前缀等前缀 在合同中使用这类复合词可避免重复，做在合同中使用这类复合词可避免重复，做到简洁、严密，同时反映出合同应有的正到简洁、严密，同时反映出合同应有的正式规范性。举例说明如下式规范性。举例说明如下: : “here”her

3、e”应理解为应理解为“this”this” “ there”“ there”应理解为应理解为“that”that” “ where”“ where”应理解为应理解为“which”which” hereof = of this 在本文中；在本文中；herewith = with this 关于此点；关于此点；hereafter = after this time 在此之后在此之后; hereby = by means of this 以此方式；以此方式；herein = in this place于此处；于此处；hereinafter = below or in this document 在下

4、文；在下文；hereto = to this 由是，由此；由是，由此；hereby(特此，兹特此，兹)，thereto(另外，随附另外，随附)，thereof(其中，其中，它的它的)，whereas(鉴于鉴于)，whereby(凭借凭借)，whereupon(因因此，于是此，于是)。III.III.多用多用shallshall代替代替willwill或或shouldshould shallshall表示法律上需要强制执行的义务，有表示法律上需要强制执行的义务，有“应该应该”、“必须必须”的意思。的意思。“will”will”在合在合同中虽也用作表示承担义务，但语气比同中虽也用作表示承担义务，但

5、语气比“shall”shall”弱。在合同中弱。在合同中“should”should”通常只通常只用来表示语气较强的假设用来表示语气较强的假设“万一万一”，这是，这是英语合同用词与基础英语用词的不同之处。英语合同用词与基础英语用词的不同之处。 1. Party B shall ship the goods within one month of the date of signing this Contract, i.e. not later than December 15. 本合同签字之日一个月内，即不迟于本合同签字之日一个月内，即不迟于1212月月2525日，日，你方你方须将货物装船。须

6、将货物装船。2. Party A shall pay Party B a monthly salary of US$500 (SAY FIVE HUNDRED US DOLLARS ONLY). 聘方须每月聘方须每月付给付给受聘方美元受聘方美元500500元整。元整。IV.IV.选用正规性词语选用正规性词语 商务合同作为正式性的法律文件，用于规定权利商务合同作为正式性的法律文件，用于规定权利义务，表明细节条目，因此用词斟酌，正式、规范，义务，表明细节条目，因此用词斟酌，正式、规范，多用正式或法律上的用词。多用正式或法律上的用词。1. At the request of Party B, Par

7、ty A agrees to send technicians to assist Party B to install the equipment. “应乙方要求，甲方同意派遣技术人员帮助乙方应乙方要求，甲方同意派遣技术人员帮助乙方安装设备。安装设备。”assist assist 较较 help help 正式；正式；2. The Employer shall render correct technical guidance to the personnel. “雇主应该对有关人员给予正确技术指雇主应该对有关人员给予正确技术指导。导。”render render 较较 give give

8、正式；正式；V.V.常见惯用词的公式化使用常见惯用词的公式化使用 1、惯用WHEREAS “鉴于”，多用它在前文中引出签约背景和目的，起连词作用。例如： （1）WHEREAS the Employer is desirous that manpower can be rendered available for the construction of High-Rise Residential Complex in Baghdad, Iraq； “鉴于雇主欲请劳动力建造伊拉克巴格达的高层住宅综合大楼；” （2）WHEREAS the Contractor is desirous to prov

9、ide the manpower for the Works； “鉴于承包人想为此工程提供劳动力；”英语商务合同中常用短语英语商务合同中常用短语 hereinafter referred to as 以下称以下称 whereas 鉴于鉴于 in witness whereof 兹证明兹证明 for and on behalf of 代表代表 by virtue of 因为因为 prior to 在在之前之前 as regards/concerning/relating to 关于关于 cease to do 停止做停止做 in effect 事实上事实上 miscellaneous 其他事项其

10、他事项 Force Majeure(Force Majeure(不可抗力不可抗力) )，defectdefect（瑕疵），（瑕疵）， jurisdictionjurisdiction（管辖），（管辖），draft at sightdraft at sight（即期汇票）（即期汇票），letter of credit(letter of credit(信用证信用证) )，bill of ladingbill of lading（提单）（提单），documents against acceptance(documents against acceptance(承兑交单承兑交单) )，bill bi

11、ll of exchange(of exchange(汇票汇票) )，firm offerfirm offer（实盘），（实盘），technology transfertechnology transfer（技术转让）等等，这些专业（技术转让）等等，这些专业术语语义精炼，表义准确，正式、规范、严谨，术语语义精炼，表义准确，正式、规范、严谨，符合合同正规、严肃的文体特征。符合合同正规、严肃的文体特征。英语商务合同中常用的术语英语商务合同中常用的术语常用条件句常用条件句 合同为表达可能发生的各种情况、设想，以及相关的处理方法，条款中条件句较多，尤其是在有关付款、违约责任、不可抗力、财产处理和仲裁等

12、几部分中。这种结构虽然拖沓冗长，但表意精确，避免了产生歧义的情形。常见表达有： in the event that, in case表达“如果、假若”，should 表达希望某事不太可能发生等。 （1）In case the Import License is required, the buyer should settle the problem before placing the order. 若需要进口许可证，买方应在订货前办妥。 （2）Should the buyer fail to perform any provision of the contract signed with

13、 the seller, the seller is entitled to terminate the whole or any part of the contract, or postpone the delivery or hold back the goods in transit. 假如买方未能履行与卖方所订立合同的任何条款，卖方有权终止全部或部分合同，或延期交货，或截留运输中货物。状语转换状语转换 状语转换为主语状语转换为主语 For the purpose of this Contract, the Party B desires to introduce the Patent

14、 and engage in production cooperation in accordance with the technical know-how specified in the Patent. 本合同的目的在于乙方希望引进专利，按在于乙方希望引进专利，按专利提供的技术进行合作生产。专利提供的技术进行合作生产。 状语转换为谓语状语转换为谓语 The conditions for the establishment of the Joint Venture Company and the total amount of investment and registered capit

15、al are stipulated in this Contrast. 本合同规定了本合同规定了设立设立合资公司的条件以及投合资公司的条件以及投资总额与注册资本。资总额与注册资本。买卖合同（范式）买卖合同（范式） 合同号： 签署日期/地点： 买方名称： 法定地址： 联系人： 卖方名称： 法定地址： 联系人： 买卖双方经协商，签署本合同。根据合同条款规定，买方同意购买，卖方同意出售下列货物。 货物名称及合同适用范围 价格 付款方式 包装条件 双方证明，合同自签署之日起生效。 买方： 卖方： 签署人： 签署人： 日期： 日期： 最终用户： 签署人： 日期： 1. Name of commodity

16、 and specification (品名及规格品名及规格): Lithophone Zns content 28% min.2 Quantity: 900M/T. (Metric Ton) 公吨公吨3 Unit price (单价单价): USD 120 per M/T CFRC 5% Singapore. C: Cost (成本成本) F: Freight (运费运费) C: Commission (佣金佣金)4 Total amount: USD108,000 with 5% more or less (溢短装条款溢短装条款) both in amount and quantity a

17、t the sellers option.5 Packing: By paper-lined glass-fibre bags of 25kg. each, gross for net.(以毛作净以毛作净)6. Shipping marks (运输标志或运输标志或唛头唛头): To be designated by the sellers.7. Port of shipment and Port of Destination (装运港和目的港装运港和目的港): From Qingtao to Singapore8. Time of shipment: During May/July,1995,

18、 into three equal lots. Partial shipment (分分批装运批装运) to be allowed, transhipment (转运转运) not to be allowed.9. Insurance: To be covered by the buyers.10. Terms of payment: By irrevocable, transferable, and divisible bankers acceptance letter of credit to cover the total value of each monthly (or lot of

19、 ) shipment as stipulated aboveCommodity inspection（商品检验）（商品检验）: Certificate of quality and weight issued by the Chinese Import and Export Commodity Inspection Bureau at the port of shipment12 Amendment of Letter of Credit If the L/C is not in accordance with the terms of contract, amendments should

20、 be made immediately by the buyers Buyers shall be responsible for any losses thus incurred as well as for late shipment thus caused13 Shipping Advice (装运通知装运通知) The sellers or their branches shall notify the buyers or their agents by cable or telex of the number of L/C, quantity and name of vessel

21、immediately after loading is completed.14 Claims (索赔索赔) The buyers shall have the right within 30 days after the arrival of the goods at the port of destination to lodge or file claims concerning the quality, quantity or weight of the goods ( claims for perishable goods are to be put forward immedia

22、tely after arrival of the goods at destination).15.Force Majeure (不可抗力不可抗力) Should any natural disasters happen,the time of shipment might be extended, or a part or whole of the contract cancelled without liability attached to the sellers. The seller shall furnish the buyer within 15 days after the

23、accident by registered airmail with a certificate issued by the competent government authority or the chamber of commerce which is located at the place.合同的结尾合同的结尾 （1） IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Contract in duplicate by their duly authorized representatives on the date first a

24、bove written. 作为本协议事项的证据，双方授权代表于上面首次写明的日期正式签订本协议一式两份。（2）This Contract shall be written in English in four copies. Each party shall keep two copies.本合同应以英文写成，一式四份，双方各持两份。本合同应以英文写成，一式四份，双方各持两份。（3）The contract is made out in English and Chinese languages in quadruplicate, both texts being equally authe

25、ntic, and each Party shall hold two copies of each text. 本合同用英文和中文两种文字写成，一式四份。双本合同用英文和中文两种文字写成，一式四份。双方执英文本和中文本各一式两份，两种文字具有方执英文本和中文本各一式两份，两种文字具有同等效力。同等效力。 来，练练来，练练 This Contract shall come into force after the signatures by the authorized representatives of both parties. 本合同将在双方授权代表签字后正式生效本合同将在双方授权代表

26、签字后正式生效。 Commodity Inspection: It is mutually agreed that the Certificate of Quality and Weight issued by the China Import and Export Commodity Inspection Bureau at the port of shipment shall be taken as the basis of delivery. 商品检验：买卖双方同意以装运口岸中国进商品检验：买卖双方同意以装运口岸中国进出口商品检验局签发的品质和重量检验证出口商品检验局签发的品质和重量检验

27、证书作为品质和数量的交货依据。书作为品质和数量的交货依据。 This Contract is made out in two originals, each copy written in Chinese and English languages, both texts being equally valid. In case of any divergence of interpretation, the Chinese text shall prevail. 本合同正文一式两份，分别以中文和英文本合同正文一式两份，分别以中文和英文书写，两种文本具有同等效力。若对其解书写，两种文本具有同等

28、效力。若对其解释产生异议，则以中文本为准。释产生异议，则以中文本为准。 Terms of Payment: By Irrevocable Letter of Credit for 90% of the total invoice value of the goods to be shipped, in favor of the Sellers, payable at the issuing bank against the Sellers draft at sight accompanied by the shipping documents stipulated in the Credit. The balance of 10% of the procee