(完整word版)人教版高中英语选修六知识点总结

1、Unit 1I 词汇及结构1.would rather do sth 情愿做.would rather sb did sth 情愿 sb 做情愿做 .而不愿意做：would rather do sth than do sth= would dosth rather than do sth= prefer to do sth rather than do sth= prefer doing sth to doing sthI would rather stay at home today. 我今天宁愿待在家里。I would rather you came here tomorrow. 我宁愿你

2、明天来。I would rather you hadnt told me about it ye 我 e 宁愿你昨天没有告诉我关于它。2. faith n. 信任,信仰break ones faith with sb. 对某人不守信用keep faith with 忠于信仰 ; 守信I kept faith with him. 我信守了对他的诺言。He who loses faith, loses all. 失去信心的人 , 失去所有。 have faith in 相信 , 信任in good faith 老实地；诚恳地 faithful adj. 忠诚的，可靠的3. As there are

3、 so many different styles of Western art , it would beimpossible to describe all of them in such a short textso+adj+a（an）+（单数可数）什 that ）so many/few +n （复数）什 that ）so much/little （不可数）什 that ）such+adj.+n.（不可数）/ n （复数）eg.1） The book is _ interesting that Iwant to read it again.2）_ It was a cold day th

4、at the ice inthe river was nearly two feet thick.3）_ It was cold a day that the ice inthe river was nearly two feet thick.4）_There aremany mistakes in yourcomposition that I can t understand it.5）_ He has maderapid progress that he gotthe first in the exam.6）_that Maric was able to set up new branch

5、eselsewhere. （ 07 陕西）A. So successful her business wasB. So successful was her businessC. So her business was successfulD. So was her successfulbusinessB4. consequently adv. 所以，因此I overslept and _ I was late for work. 我睡过头了 ,所以我上班迟到了。Mr Foster has never been to China. Consequently, he knows very lit

6、tleabout it. 福斯特先生从未去过中国 , 所以对中国了解得很少。It rained that day and _ the baseball game was called off.A. however B. still C. soD. consequentlyDconsequent adj. 作为结果的 ,随之发生的as a consequence/result = in consequence = soShe was found guilty, and lost her job in consequence (of it). 她被判有罪 ,因而失去了工作 consequence

7、n. 结果as a consequence/result of = because of5 .aim1)n.3(C)目标without aim 无目的的 / 无目标的 achieve one s aim miss one s aim 打不中目标32(U) 对准 , 瞄准 take aim atThe hunter took aim at the lionsb/ sth s aim is to do .的目标是 .What is your aim in life? 你生活的目的是什么 ?The governor s aim is to increase citizens income.2)v.3

8、1( 以枪等 ) 对准 ,瞄准 aim attake aim at the target= aim at the target 瞄准靶子The factory must aim at increasing its quality . 他用枪瞄准老虎并开火 ,但没打中He aimed his gun at the tiger, fired but missed it.aimless a. 无目标的，无目的的She led an aimless life.32打算,计划, 以为目标 , 立志做aim at doing = aim to do 瞄准 , 力求做到 ,力争达到 Harry aims a

9、t becominga doctor.or: Harry aims to become a doctor.6. typical adj. 典型的；具有代表性的；象征性的 (representative)a typical character 典型人物typical example 典型事例He is a typical pupil; he is like most of the other pupils. 他是一个有代表性的学生，他和大多数其他学生一样。adj. evident 明白的 , 明显的 (apparent)n. evidence 证据 ;证明The applause made it

10、 evident that the play was a hit. 掌声显然表明该剧是成功的。It is evident (obvious) (to sb) that .Its evident that you are tired. 显然你累了。in evidence = evident 明显的7. realistic 现实主义的 ,逼真的 ,现实的in a more realistic way 以一种更逼真的形式realism 现实主义 idealism realist 现实主义 terrorism 恐怖主义 terrorist 恐怖分子 Socialism Socialistreal ad

11、j. 真的realize v. 实现8. During the Renaissance, new ideas and values gradually replaced thoseheld in the Middle Ages.holdIdeas/ value 持有的观点/价值观I hold the view that the plan can t work.adopt vt.1).采取 ;采纳;吸收After much deliberation, the president decided to adopt her suggestion. 再三考虑之后 ,我决定采 纳她的建议。2).过继,收

12、养 (+as)Mr. Kern adopted the orphan as his own son. 克恩先生将那孤儿收养为自己的儿子。3). 正式通过 ,接受The agenda was adopted after some discussion 经过讨论，议事日程获得通过。 adopted adj. 被收养的，被采用的 adopted child11.possess 用作动词时，不能用于进行时。有多种不同的含义：1)“有，拥有” 。如：The library possesses a number of the artist图书aHWO 有那位画家的一些早期作品。2). 具有的特质”。常见搭

13、配有 be possessed of sth 意为具有某种品质或特征”。如:I m afraid he doesn t possess a sense o 恐怕他没有什么幽默感。He is possessed of great natural ability. 他很有天赋。3) “支配，控制” 。如:He was possessed by the desire to be rich.n. possession。【c】财产，所有物(常用复数)The ring is one of her most valuable possessions. 这只戒指是他最珍贵的财产之一。 personal pos

14、sessi ons 个人财产He lost all his possessions in the fire.【u】占有，拥有take possession of 占领，夺取 come into possession of 占有 in possessionof（表主动）in the possessi on of（表被动） 被占有He is in of the house. 他拥有这套房子。The house is in the of him. 这套房子在他的占有之下。- Does the young man standing there _ the company?- No. The compa

15、ny is _ his father.A. have of; in ofB. in of ; in the ofC. take of ; in the ofD. have of ; in of9.convinceconvince sb. to do sth=convince sb of sth.说服某人做Convince sb that 使某人确信某事He convinced me of his sincerity. 他使我确信他的真诚。I was convinced that he was sincere.Your mistakes convinced me that you hadn di

16、ed yourt sletusson. 你的错误使我确信你没有学习 功课。convince vt. “使确信；使信服” convince sb. of sth. / that .Scientists are convinced _ the possible effect of laughter _physical and mental health.A. of; at B. by; in C. of; on D. on; at by coincidence 碰巧 , 由于巧合 what acoincidence ！多么凑巧的事情啊！What a coincidence to meet you

17、here. 真巧在这儿碰到你。I met him by coincidence. I didn t know he was here.10.a great/ good deal 大量 ; 大量Ever since the reform and opening, China has changed a great deal. （adv.修饰 v.）A great deal has been studied and this is considered the best way to solvethe difficult problem.（n.）He ran a great deal faster

18、 than me.（修饰比较级 ）a great/good deal of 为 adj，修饰UA great deal of money was spent on the project. 那个项目花费了大量金钱。1） 修饰可数名词： many a fewa good/great manyA great many buildings have been built along the street.a large/ big/ great/ / small number ofMany a + 单数名词More than one + 单数名词2） 修饰不可数名词：mucha good/great

19、deal of a large amount of （谓语动词用单数 ） large amountsof （谓语动词用复数 ）3） 修饰可数和不可数名词a lot of/lots ofplenty ofa large quantity of （谓语动词用单数 ） large quantities of （谓语动词用复数 ） 练习：1. _ the students in our school go to college in their teens.A good manyB. A great many ofC. A great deal of D. A lot of2. He is _ bet

20、ter now. Don t worry about him.A.moreB. a great deal ofC. a number of D.a great deal13.The impressionists were the first artists to paint outdoors.He is always the last one to leave the classroom.10.attemptv.尝试，企图v.企图，试图；努力试图，尝试：努力去执行，做或完成 attempt doing 反复尝试做 attempt todo 企图做 attempt to do/doing = t

21、ry to do/doingThe second question was so difficult; I didneven attempt it. 第二道题太难了，我连试都没试。I attempted to speak but was told to be quiet. 我想开口说几句，但有人叫我别做声。I attempted to read the entire novel in one sitting.We attempted the difficult maneuver without assistance.n.企图或努力 袭击；攻击an attempt on someones lif

22、e. 对某人生命的攻击Shelly had prepared carefully for her biology examination so that she couldbe sure of passing it on her first .A) intentionB) attemptC) purposeD)desiremake an attempt to do sth at doing sthShe made an attempt to cook the dinner. 她试着做这顿饭。The prisoner made an attempt to escape/ at escaping

23、but failed. at onesattempt 在 sb 尝试下 one s first attempt 初次尝试 练习：1) 他试图行走直到摔倒。He_2) 他参加过考试，可是失败了。He_ but failed.3) 我企图说话，可是有人要我安静点。I _ but was told to be quiet.attempted walking until he fell over. attempted the examination attempted tospeak18.On the other hand 另一方面，相当于一个副词。常与 on one hand 连用。On one h

24、and.on the other hand 方面.另一方面This job is not well paid, but on the other hand, I donk longhoutrsh.ave to worOn one hand, I need a computer, but on the other hand, I dont have enough money.At hand 在手边，在附近By hand 用手的，手工的Go hand in hand with 与.共同行动19.Predict1) v.预言，预测 后面加名词做宾语或接that 从句/wh-从句。Nobody can

25、 predict what will happen in the future.It is still not possible to accurately predict the occurrence of earthquakes. 现在还不可能准确预测地震的发生。2) n. Prediction 预言，预测Her prediction turned out to be correct. 她的预言证明是正确的。20.Specific明确的，详尽的，具体的，特有的Can you be a bit more specific when you talk about your plan? 当你谈及

26、你的计划时，你能说的再具体点吗？Each organ in our body has its specific function. 我们体内的每个器官都有自己独特的作用。This kind of disease is specific to houses. 这种病只有马才会得。21.figure1) 外形 ;体形 ;人影 I saw a figure in the darkness.2) 体态 ;风姿 She has a slender figure.3)人物 ; 名人 He has become a figure known to everyone.4) 数字 Where did you g

27、et those figures?5)His work now commands huge figures.22.delicateHe is a delicate child. 纤弱的 ,娇弱的，瘦弱的Be careful with those wine cups they are very delicate. 容易的In such a delicate situation I have to weigh my words. 需要小心处理的 ;微妙的 ; 棘手的 在这样微妙的情形下 ,我必须权衡一下我的话。What a delicate work of art! 精妙的 delicate ch

28、ina. 精美的瓷器23.1)aggressive adj. 敢作敢为的 ;有闯劲的 ;侵略性的 ;好斗的 He is veryaggressive. 他生性好斗。We regarded the Iraq War as an aggressive one. 我们认为伊拉克战争是侵略战争。an aggressive salesma n干劲很大的售货员 aggressive weapons 攻击性武器2) aggressively adv. 气势汹汹地3) aggressi on n.侵略(行动)aggressor n.侵略者 练习：If you want to become a successf

29、ul businessman, you must _ _ .如果你想做一个成功的商人，你必须积极进取。_ must be destroyed. 必须要销毁攻击性的武器。be aggressiveAggressive arms24.In the flesh 活生生，本人，亲自Flesh n.肌肉；肉Have you ever seen Jay Chou in the flesh?你见过周杰伦本人吗？He wouldnt believe until he saw in the flesh 他直到亲眼目睹才相信。Flesh and blood 肉体，血肉之躯Though he is a hero,

30、he is still flesh and blood.Lose flesh 减肥 Gain/put on flesh 增肥 Flesh-eating 食肉的25.preference - prefer1)更加的喜爱 ,偏爱 UC(+for)A window seat is my preference. 我喜欢靠窗的座位。We dress simply by preference. 首先 , 最好2）偏爱的事物 （或人 ）CWhich is your preference, tea or coffee? 你喜欢喝哪一样 ,茶还是咖啡 ?3）偏袒 U（+for）Parents should no

31、t show preference for any one of their children. 父母不应流露出对任何一个孩子的偏心。4）优先 （权）; 优惠权 UC in preference to 优先于Have a preference for 偏爱I have a preference for classic music. 我更喜欢古典音乐。We had a preference for sweet food. 我们特别喜欢吃甜食 .in preferenee to 优先于I d choose the small car in preference to the larger one.

32、 我宁可选择那辆小的汽车而不要那辆 大的。She ehose to learn the violin in preferenee to the piano. 她愿学小提琴而不学钢琴 .26. Appealvi. 1）呼吁,恳求 appeal to sb for sth.He appealed to me for help.2）诉诸，求助（+to）We will appeal to a variety of sourees of information.3）有吸引力，迎合爱好 W（+to）The idea appealed to Mary.4）【律】上诉 （+to/against）He appe

33、aled against the five-year sentenee he had been given.27. fragile adj.精细的；易碎的；脆弱的；As he broke up with his girlfriend，his heart was fragile.由于他同女朋友分手了，他的心很脆弱。Reputation n.3名誉名声（+for）The store has an exeellent reputation for fair dealing. 该店买卖公平，声誉极佳。He has a reputation for eheating in the exam. 他以考试作

34、弊而享有盛名。have a reputation 享有盛名32好名声，声望 ;信誉This restaurant has a fine reputation. 这家餐厅信誉很好。Cheating at the game ruined that players reputation. 比赛时作弊败坏了那位选手的声望。 live up to one s reputation 不负盛名 lose ones reputation失去盛名；win a high reputation赢得很高的声誉You must live up to your promise. 你必须实践自己的诺言。They are a

35、lways exhorted to deliver results and to live up to their parentshigh expeetations 他们无时无刻被提醒要考取好成绩，实现父母对他们的高度期望。28. 、The museum displays more than just the visual delights of art. 博物馆展示的不仅仅是视觉上的乐趣。more than +名词意为“不仅仅”,more than just 相当于 not only, not just的意思。如：Jas on is more tha n a lecturer; he is

36、a writer, too. 詹森不仅是一名讲师，他还是一个作家。Modern scienee is more than a large amount of information.现代科学不仅仅是大量的信息。1) more tha n+数词，意为超过”相当于over，其反义词组为 less than。如There are more than two hundred people in the park. 公园里有 200 多人。2) “ more than +形容词/副词”是“很”或非常”的意思。如：I am more tha n content with what you said. 我对

37、你的讲话十分满意。She was dressed more tha n simply.她穿着太朴素了。3) 在more . than . ”结构中，肯定more”后面的内容而否定than”后面的部分，常译为“是 而不是”或“与其说不如说”。如：Heari ng the loud no ise, the boy was more surprised tha n frighte ned. 听到这巨大的声响，男孩与其说是害怕不如说是感到很惊讶。句型：1.The Impressio nists were_ . _印象派画家是第一批室外写景的画家。(P2)序数词 the first/the second

38、/the last( + sb.) + to do 是一种常见结构， 表示“最早、第二、最 后做某事的人”，其中的不定式作后置定语；如果主语和不定式之间有被动关系，不定式应 使用被动结构。My mon itor is always the first to come to school and the last to leave.我的班长总是第一个到校、最后一个离开。To tell the truth, he was the last pers on to be met with by the man ager.说实话，他是最后一个被经理接见的人。She was the first woma

39、n to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games.她是在奥运会上第一个获得金牌的女选手。2._ so many great works of art from the late 19thcentury to 21st century arehoused in the same museum.令人吃惊的是，在同一家博物馆里竟能容纳下19 世纪后期到 21 世纪的如此众多的名家巨作。It is amazing/surprising/astonishing/shocking that.是一种常见句型，表示“ 令人吃惊、震惊、惊讶等”，其中 it 是形式主语，t

40、hat 引导名词性从句作句子的真正主语。这种句型可以 用 to ones amazement/surprise/astonishment/shock 这些短语作状语来改写。It is surpris ing that childre n who are seve n years old dont know how tobrush on es teeth.令人吃惊的是，七岁的孩子还不知道怎么刷牙To our shock, the terrorist explosi on caused over one hun dred deaths.令我们震惊的是，这次恐怖爆炸造成了一百多人死亡。语法：虚拟语气

41、1. 虚拟语气用于条件句、其它句型中与现在事实相反时从句用过去时(did/were)，主句用would/should/could/might +动词原形How nice it_ if I_ a sister like you!A. was; had B . would be; had hadC. would have been; had D.would be; had【解析】题干表达与现在事实相反的内容，根据规则选D 项2.与过去事实相反时从句用过去完成时(had done)，主句用would/should/could/might +have done Were you in time for

42、 the lecture? If I _ told earlier, I would have.Ahad beenBwasCwere to beD should be选 A 。 由问句看出与过去事实相反，因而从句中使用过去完成时。3.与将来事实相反时，从句中可用三种形式，即动词的过去式 /should 动词原形 /were to 动词原形。This printer is of good quality. If it _ break down within the firstyear, we would repair itat our expense.A would B should C cou

43、ld D might 分析：后一句实际上使用了与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，从句中使用 should 表示“假如； 万一”_ fired, your health care and other benefits will not beimmediately cut off.AWould you be B Should you be C Could you be D Might you be【解析】 前一分句实际上使用的是虚拟语气，与将来事实相反从句中使用 Ifyou should be fired ，可以省略 if 而把 should 提前到主语之前。4.虚拟语气用于错综时间条件句： 条件句和主句

44、的动作发生的时间不一致，主句和从句的 谓语要根据各自不同的时间选择适当的动词形式。5.虚拟语气用于含蓄条件句：句中没有条件从句，其内容暗含在短语或上下文中。But for the help of my English teacher, I_ the first prize inthe English WritingCompetition.Awould not winB would not have won C would winD would have wonbut for（要不是）引导的短语在句中作状语时，句子的谓语部分常用虚拟语气；此处表示 与过去事实相反，因而使用“ would6.wis

45、h 后的宾语从句中：与现在事实相反时用 were 或动词的一般过去时；与过去事实相反时用 had +过去分词；与将来事实相反时用would/could/might +动词原形。How I wish every family _ a large house with a beautiful garden!AhasB hadCwill haveDhad hadwish 后的从句如果表示与现在事实相反，应使用动词的过去形式。7.在 suggest， order， insist， demand， require ， desire， command，request， recommend 等 表示建议、

46、命令、要求、愿望的词后面的宾语从句中； 在与 suggestion， order， request， advice， demand 等有关的表语从句、同位语从句中；以及在 It be suggested/ordered/requested/insisted /desired/required that.句型中用（should） +动词原形”。The doctor recommended that you _ swim after eating a largemeal.AwouldntBcouldntCneedntD shouldntrecommend 表示 “建议 ”时，其后的宾语从句中的谓语

47、用“should动词原形 ”， should 可省略。. His suggestion is that the harvest _ in before the rainy seasoncomes.AgetB should get C be got D will be gotsuggestion 之后的 that 从句是表语从句，其中谓语用should +动词原形”，should 省略。8.在 Its （high） time that.句型中，谓语动词用过去时或 should +动词原形（should 不能省略）,表示“早就该”Its no use envying others their su

48、ccess. Its time that you _ hard.Amust workBwere to work C workD workedIts time that. 句型中使用动词的一般过去时9. as if/as though（好像，似乎）之后的方式状语从句中；if only 句型表示要是. 多好啊”中，与现在事实相反时动词用一般过去时；与过去事实相反时用had+过去分词；与将来事实相反时用 should/would/could/might 动词原形。When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _.Abre

49、aksBhas brokenCwere brokenD had been brokenUnit 2词汇和结构：1.convey v. 传达；运送Others try to _ certain emotions.而有些诗则是为了传达某种情感的。（P10）Please convey my best wishes to her . 请代我向她表示最良好的祝愿。 （ 朗文 P413）convey .to.扌巴 运至 U convey .to sb. 向某人传达 /表达 （思想、感情等 ）convey ones feelings 表达感情2 transform v. 转化；转换；改造；变换Getting

50、 that new job has completely transformed her.她得至了那份新工作以后，人全变了。（朗文 P1871）In only 20 years the country has been transformed into an advanced industrial power.这个国家只用了 20 年时间就变成了一个先进的工业强国。 （ 朗文 P1871）o 把某人/物改变成.transform .from 从.中转变、转化.3.appropriate adj. 适当的；正当的Match the beginning of each s

51、entence with the _ending.Your clothes are hardly appropriate for a job interview. 你的服装不太适合求职面试时穿。 （朗文 P76）It is appropriate that he（should ）make an apology to us. 他向我们道歉是合适的。 （文馨 P87）The house is not really suitable for a large family. 这所房子确实不适合大家庭居住。be appropriate to/for. 对.适合；适宜It is appropriate/p

52、roper that. （should） do.是合适的be suitable for/to. 适合的；适宜的be fit for.适合；胜任.注意 appropriate 指适合于特殊的人及场合、地位等； suitable 指适合某种情况或安排；fit 指大小适合或 胜任某职位； appropriate 等于 very proper 。4.exchange n /v. 交换；交流；调换；兑换If there had not been an _ programme, he would not have found a sponsor tohelp him studyabroad.要是没有一个交

53、流项目的话，他就不可能找至赞助者帮助他至国外学习。（P13）He gave me an apple in exchange for a piece of cake. 他给我一个苹果，来换我的一块蛋糕。（朗文 P589）I exchanged seats with Bill. 我和比尔换了座位。 （朗文 P589）exchange sth. for sth. 拿.交换.exchange sth. with sb. 与某人交换某物exchange money 兑换钱币 in exchange for. 交换；调换 do an exchange 作一下交换cultural exchange 文化交流

54、 exchange rate/programme 汇率 / 交流项目 5 sponsor n.赞助人；主办者；倡议者 v. 发起；举办；倡议；赞助 The baseball match is beingsponsored by a cigarette company. 棒球赛是由一家烟草公司赞助举行的。 （朗文P1702）If Im going to go and live in the US, I must get an American sponsor. 如果我去美国并在那里居住，必须有美国人作担保。（朗文 P1701）sponsor the celebration 主办庆祝会 spons

55、or sb. 资助某人 sponsor a plan 倡议计划become ones sponsor 成为某人的赞助人 /担保人6.load n.负担；负荷物 v.装载；给负荷The good news has taken a load off my mind. 这好消息使我如释重负。 （文馨 P1098）Supporting her family has been a heavy load for her. 养家对她来说是很大的负担。（文馨 P1098）take a load off ones mind 使卸下心上重负；使某人如释重负 have a load on ones mind放心不下

56、 carry a heavy load 负重载loads of = a load of 许多.7.take it/things easy 轻松；不紧张；从容Just take it easy and tell us what happened. 别急，告诉我们发生了什么事。（朗文 P597）Theres no need to rush back just take your time. 不要急着赶回来， 慢慢来吧。（朗文 P2103） take ones time 别着急，慢慢来take sb./sth. seriously 认真对待某人 /事take.for granted 对.想当然，认为

57、.理所当然8.run out of 用完，用尽The truck has run out of gas again. 卡车的油又用完了。 （ 朗文 P1731）Our supplies soon ran out. 我们的补给很快就耗尽了。 （朗文 P1731）run out 用完，耗尽 give out（ 物）用完，耗尽； （人）筋疲力尽；发出；分发；宣布use up 用完；用光run out = give out 是不及物短语，通常以物作主语； run out of = use up 是及物短语，多以人作主语9.make up of 构成，组成 （用于被动 ）Another simple f

58、orm of poem that students can easily write is a poemmadeup of five linesWomen make up only 30% of the workers.女性占劳动力的 30% 。（ 朗文 P1189）Im trying to make up for the time lost while I was away. 我正在设法弥补我不在期间耽误的时间。（朗文 P1189）We didnt make it to the party in the end. 我们最终还是没能参加那个聚会。（朗文P1187）be made out of

59、由. 制成；用. 改造而成make up 组成；编造；化妆make up for 弥补.be made of/from 由.制成be made into 把. 制成be made in（ 某物 ）产于某地make it 获得成功；准时到达make out 看清；分清；辨认清楚make the bed 整理床铺10.try out 测试；试验I think I will _ his way too some time.我想将来某个时候也尝试一下他的方法。 （P15）The idea sounds fine, but we need to try it out in practice. 这个主意听

60、起来不错，但我们要在实践中试验一下。（朗文 P1887）They were let out of prison last week.他们上周从监狱里放出来了。（朗文 P1000）I am counting on you to support me; dont let me down.try out for. 参加竞争.try on 试穿try ones best 尽力try ones luck 试试运气try ones skill/strength 考验自己的技术 /体力let out 发出；放走；泄露；加宽；加大衣服let in 让.进来；放进let down 放下；使失望let off 开