七年级英语语法之代、名、冠词复习及综合回顾练习

1、英语学科初二讲义学习课题七年级语法之代、名、冠词复习及综合回顾练习学习目标掌握七年级基础语法框架学习重点与难点单项选择与综合填空必考点本节知识代词（一）代词分类：人称代词：主格和宾格物主代词：形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词人称第一人称单数第二人称单数第務三人称单数第人称复数第二人称复数第三人称复数主格IyouheSheitWeyouthey宾格形容词物myyourhisheritsouryourtheir主代词名词性物主代词注意-用法： 人称代词主格：作主语，常放在句首； 人称代词宾格：作宾语，放在动词和介词后； 形容词性物主代词：后有名词时，用形容词性；(有名则形) 名词性物主代词：后无名

2、词时，用名词性。(无名则名)练习：1. That is notkite. That kite is Very small, butis Very big. ( I )2. The dress is. GiVe it to. ( She )3. IS thiswatch? (you) No, it' S not. ( I )4. is my brother.n ame is Jack. Look! Those StamPS are. ( he )5. dresses are red. (We) What color are? ( you )跟踪练习-用所给词的适当形式填空。1. That

3、 is notkite. That kite is Very small, butis Very big. ( I )2. The dress is. GiVe it to. ( She )3. IS thiswatch? (you) No, it 'not. ( I )4. is my brother.n ame is Jack. Look! Those StamPS are. ( he )5. dresses are red. (We) What colour are? ( you )6. Here are many dolls, WhiCh One is? ( She )7. I

4、 Canfind my toy, but Where ' _s? ( you )8. Showyour kite, OK? (they)9. I have a beautiful cat.n ame is Mimi. TheSe CakeS are. ( it )10. Are thesetickets? No,are not. aren ' here. ( they )名词、名词的分类名 词专有名词Mary玛丽Volvo沃尔沃Chinese汉语July七月ASia亚洲普通名词可数名词个体名词desk课桌 house房子teacher教师 mother妈妈school学校集体名

5、词people人们 class同学们 family 家庭 police 警方不可数名词物质名词Water 水 COffee 咖啡 meat 肉 wool 羊毛抽象名词health 健康 beauty 美丽 Patience 耐心 youth 青春二、名词的数1、可数名词单数变复数的规则1）规则变化形式举例一般在名词后eggeggs kite kites dogdogs pea PeaS豌豆以s, X, sh, Ch等结尾的词后 加class CIaSSeS 班级 WatCh WatCheS 手表 box boxes 箱子【特殊】部分以0结尾的单词， 有生命的在词尾加- 其他无生命的加hero

6、heroes 英雄tomatotomatoes 西红柿 potato potatoes 土豆【口诀】英雄吃西红柿拌土豆有意思（es）。注：意思”同-es谐音！举例以-f或-fe结尾的名词，一 般把-f，-fe变为【口诀】妻子（Wife）拿刀（knife）去砍狼（wolf），小 偷（thief）吓得发了慌，躲在架下（SheIf）保己（Oneself） 命，半片树叶（leaf）遮目光。辅音字母+y ”结尾时，变baby babies 婴儿 City CitieS 城市 factory factories 工厂元音字母+y”结尾时，直接加-boy boys 男孩2）不规则变化例词把a变成eman m

7、en 男子 woman women 女日女 gentleman gentlemen 先生oo变成eefoot feet 脚 toothteeth 牙齿 goose geese 鹅特殊变化mouse mice 老鼠在词尾力口 -ren或-enchild ChiIdren 儿童 oxoxen 牛单复数形式相同sheepSheeP 纟帛羊 deer deer 鹿 fish fish 鱼巧记国名变化【口诀】中日不变，英法变，其余后面-S添。Chinese Chinese 中国人 JaPanese JaPanese 日 本人Engli Shman Englishmen 英国人 FrenChman Fre

8、nChmel法国人 German Germans 德国人复合名词，一般只变 后面的，但是有man/woman 的两个A flower shop -A man doctor 都要变3）提醒有一些名词经常或只用于复数形式。如：trousers 裤子；PantS 裤子；jeans 牛仔裤；ShOrtS 短裤；stockings 长袜；socks 短袜；shoes鞋子; glasses 眼镜；clothes 衣服；people 人们，police 警察们2、不可数名词不可数名词就是无法或不能用数目来计算的名词。不可数名词主要分物质名词和抽象名词两类。意义举例物质名词指无法分为个体的词gold 金子，w

9、ood 木头，SnoW 雪，rain 雨，Water 水，COffee 咖啡，tea茶，meat 肉，milk 牛奶，rice 米饭，bread面包，Orange 橘汁【口诀巧记不可数名词】金、木、水、火、土，米、面、茶、肉、布。 动作、状态与品质，还有情感名词不可数。抽象名词指表示动作、状态、品质、 感情等抽象概念的词work 工作，StUdy 学习，IoVe 爱，friendship 友谊不可数名词没有复数形式，说明其数量时，要用有关计量名词。其复数形式体现在量词上。 例如：a bag Of ricetwo bags Of rice, a PieCe Of PaPer three PieC

10、eS Of PaPer3、既可作可数名词，又可作不可数名词，但意义不同的词单词可数不可数glass玻璃杯玻璃PaPer报纸、试卷纸light电灯光ChiCke n小鸡鸡肉fish鱼鱼肉Orange橘子橘子汁work著作、作品工作in terest爱好兴趣life性命人生room房间空间4、名词的修饰词只能修饰可数名词只能修饰不可数名词可数不可数都能修饰many, few, a few, a nu mber ofmuch,a little, littlea lot of=lots of, plenty of, some, any四、名词的所有格1、-'所有格名词情况构成方法举例有生命的单

11、数名词单数名词后加S”Mary' S father®克的父亲有生命的复数名词以复数词缀-S结尾的复数名 词，其后只加the teachers' OffiCe教师办公室不以复数词缀-S结尾的复数 名词，其后要加S”ChiIdren ' S books 儿童读物表示几个人共冋拥有只在最后一个名词后加“ S”Mary and Kate ' S room 玛丽和凯特的房间（共有）表小母人各自拥有在每个名词后都加S”Jane' S and Tom' S textbooks 简和汤姆的课本（不共有）时间和距离的所有歌:用S'或连字符号-表示

12、3 hours walk = 3-hour walk2、Of所有格名词情况举例一般说来，无生命的名词用of所有格。a photograph of our village我们村庄的一张照片3、双重所有格所谓双重所有格就是指将-所有格与Of所有格结合起来一起使用。如：a frie nd of my father我父亲的一位朋友a photo of Mr. Smith史密斯先生的一张照片冠词（a， an, the, /）I.不定冠词a、an的用法1、泛指某一类人或事物中的一个或一类。女口： An elepha nt is much heavier tha n a horse.HiS father i

13、s a taxi driver.2、 用于序数词前，表示又一，再一 ”。I have read the books twice, but I Want to read a third time.3、a / an的区别a用在辅音音素开头的单数可数名词或字母前，an用在元音音素开头的单数可数名词或字母刖。特殊词： a usual boy ; a USefUI book ; a UniVerSity ; a One Heg dogan honest boy ; an hour ; an honor , an “ a , e , i , o , f, h , l , m , n , r , S , X

14、 例如：1. Jim ishon est boy and he isUni VerSity StUde nt .2. E nglish isUSefUI Ian guage.3. He isUn happy boy.4. My father will come back in _ hour .5. There isU andIn the wordUSeII. 定冠词the的用法1. 第二次提到ThiS is an apple. The apple is mine.2. 特指The boy in red is my brother.3. 用在独一无二的名词前the SUn 太阳 / the mo

15、on 月亮 / the earth 地球4. 用在最高级前the youn gest/ the most beautiful5. 用在序数词前the first / the SeC Ond / the third / the fourth6. 用在西方乐器前play the Pia no / the guitar7. The +姓的复数 表示一家人The SmithS / the Greens斯密斯一家 / 格林一家8. 由普通名词构成的专有名词前the Great Wallthe Un itedStateSIII. 零冠词的用法零冠词（不用冠词）1、 在专有名词（国名，城市名，人名，路名）前

16、不用冠词。Beiji ng is a beautiful city.2、表泛指的不可数名词或名词复数前不用冠词。Snow is white and beautiful3、在球类运动，棋类和学科名词前不用冠词。Mr zhang likes playing football and chess.4、在季节，月份，星期，节日和三餐饭前不用冠词。Today is Children' s Day .All the students have lunch at school.但中国的传统节日前一般加 “ the ”The Mid-Autumn Day 中秋节 The Spring Festival

17、 春节5、在称呼语或表示头衔的职位名词前不用冠词。Mr Wang is from Australia6、名词前有 “ this , that , those , these , my ,your ,some 等词修饰时不用冠词”。 This is my Chinese book .7、固定搭配at firstat lastat noonat home首先最后在中午在家on footin bedin hospitalgo to school步行躺在床上住院上学课堂练习、单选1. How was dinner at Mike' s house. It was great. Mike'

18、; s mom is _ good cook.A. a; the B. the; a C. the; theD. a; an2. How many hours do you spend your homework at home every day?A. do B. to doC. doing D. did3. The number of candles the person' s age.A. areB. is C. has D. have4. Do you know boy with blonde hair? Yes. He is American boy. He is Benny

19、.A. the, theB. the, an C. the, aD. a, an5. Did you see sheep in the zoo? No, I didn 't. But I saw tigers.A. some, any B. any, some C. some, some D. any, any6. It ' s very important for us English well.A. learnB. learns C. learned D. to learn7. Could you just tell himSure, no problems.Call ba

20、ck meB.to Call back meC.call me backD.to call me back8. Play baseball in the garden (花园).YoUr grandfather WantS to relax there.A. Can'B.NotC.NoD. Don '9. TUrn rightthe SeCOnd crossing and the hotel isyour left.A.o n,onB.o n,atC.at, OnD.at, at二、词性转换1. . They think these foods Can bring bad(lu

21、cky) to people.2. We talked With some of the(village) in the CoUn tryside.3. I bought many(love) gifts for my frien ds.4. 5.e is (interest) in Writing.5. All of US got Very happy When We heard the (excite) news.6. My aunt is Very beautiful. She looks like an (act) in the movie.7. The mountain is so

22、high. Do you know its(high)?Yes. It ' S 8844.8 meters.8. Does your gran dfather Wear(glass)? Yes, he does.9. I like to See an imals livi ng in a(n ature) park.10. NeW York is an(AmeriCa) city.三、选词填空根据短文内容，选出适当的单词填空，使语意通顺完整。每个选项只用一次，有两项剩余。A. aboutB. tiredC. herD. shopp ingE. difficultF. SWamG anH

23、. WeekendI. SoJ. BUtK. easilyL. SangLaSt ni ght, I met my friends ViCtOr and Annie. We talked about their last Weeke nd. For ViCtor,the (71) WaSn' t bad. On SatUrday, he finiShed his homework(72). Be CaUSe thehome wo r k is Ve r y e asy. On SUn d ay, h e Wa tc he d (7 3) in terest ing talk show.

24、 "ItWaS great! ”e said. (74) Annie ' Weekend WaSn' Very good. She WaS really (75)because She had a busy Weekend. She Went (76) On SatUrday morning and read a book (77)music On SatUrday after noon. She ViSited (78) gra ndmother On SatUrday evening. OnSUnday, She （79） a new song for the s

25、chool music festival. It WaS a little （80）, So Sheasked her mother to help her.四阅读理解I ' m Tom. My best friends are John and Ann. We do many things together. John I ives near myhouse and We are in the Same class. He' S fifteen years old. He' S tall and thin With blond hair. Hepolite （有礼貌的

26、）and Very clever. He' svery good at math. He SOmetimeS helps me With my homework. He usually WearS jeans and a T-shirt. We often play basketball in a nearby （ 附近的）Park together.OUr friend Ann isn ' t in OUr school. She' S short With Straight brown hair. She' S a little ball have kung

27、 fu less On every TUeSday after noon. Ann is really good at kung fu. We call her the“ kung fu kid ” . She SOmetimeS plays basketball With us, too. She Often WearS a dress GSaiT'. The three of US have great fun together.根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。36. How old is Joh n?A. 13B.14C. 15D. 1637. Where do they ofte

28、n play basketball together?A. In their schoolB. Ina nearby ParkC. At John' S home D. At Ann' S home38. What does Ann look like?A. She ' S tall and thin With blond hair. B. She ' S polite and Very clever.C. She is really good at kung fu.D. She ' S short With Straight broWmair.39.

29、When do the ChiIdre n have kung fu less on?A. EVery TUeSday after noon.B. EVery Wedn esday after noon.C. EVery ThUrSday after noon.D. EVery SatUrday after noon.40. Who is the “ kung fu kid ”？A. TomB. Joh nC. AnnD. Joh n and Ann课后作业1. 整理本次课讲的各个语法点2. 阅读表达HOUSE FoR SALE : Comfortable（舒适的）family home Wi

30、th a large garden On the north Sideof tow n. Three bedrooms, a livi ng room, a kitche n, a bathroom. Pay Y 280,000 for it.The Brow ns are look ing for a new house. Mr Brow n WantS to live on the north Side of the tow nn ear his work. MrS Brow n WantS a house With four bedrooms. Their ChiIdre n don't Care the house islike but the garde n is big eno ugh.DRIVER WANTED for busy res