土木建筑工程主题词表教材

1、土木建筑工程主题词表（2054条）汉语主题词英语主题词场地条件厨房设备Kitchen fitment工程事故Engin eeri ng accide nts工程验收Engin eeri ng accepta nee工程质量事故Engineering qualitative accidents机电设备Electro-mecha nical equipme nt建筑标准化Build ing sta ndardizati on建筑法规Buildi ng law建筑风格Architectural styles建筑工程buildi ng engin eeri ng建筑工业化Building indust

2、rialization建筑功能Build ing fun cti ons建筑规范一建筑理论建筑企业Build ing en terprises建筑师Architects建筑实录1Architectural records建筑史Architectural history建筑体系Buildi ng systems建筑学Architecture建筑学派Architectural schools建筑艺术Art of architecture建筑造价Buildi ng costs结构事故Engin eeri ng structural accide nts居住密度Reside ntial den sit

3、y居住面积Reside ntial area居住水平Reside ntial level生活参数Liv ing parameters市政工程Muni cipal engin eeri ng体系工程上地征购土地征用Land confiscation土木工程Civil engin eeri ng卫生设备温感设备住宅标准Reside ntial sta ndards住宅设备Reside ntial equipme nt比贯入阻力地基Fou ndati on grou nd地基变形Fou ndati on deformati on地基沉陷subside nee of foun dati ons地基承载

4、力Fou ndati on beari ng capacity地基待力层地基反力地基容许承载力地基渗漏Fou ndati on leakage地基失效地基受力层地基土foun dati on soils地基稳定性Fou ndati on stability地基下卧层地基压缩层Compressive sub-strata地基应力foun dati on stress动力触探锤击数Number of blows of dyn amic sou nding冻土地基Froze n soil foun dati ons多层地基Multistrata foun dati ons非均质地基Heteroge

5、neous foun dati ons覆盖层Over - layi ng strata固结沉降Con solidati on settleme nt管涌Pipi ng贯入试验锤击数Number of blows of sta ndard pen etrati on黄土地基Loess foun dati ons均质地基Homoge neous foun dati ons流砂Quick sands膨胀土地基Expa nsive soil foun dati ons人工地基Artificial foun dati ons软弱地基软土地基soft soil foun dati ons砂卵石地基砂土地基

6、砂土液化水文模拟Hydrological simulatio n弹性地基Elastic foun dati ons天然地基Natural foun dati ons透水地基Pervious foun dati ons土层土壤液化压实沉陷Compressive settleme nt岩石地基岩石基础原状上振动地基vibrat ing foun dati ons坝基Dam foun dati ons板桩板桩墙闭口桩Closi ng piles变截面极不均匀沉降Differen tial settleme nt(fou ndati ons)差异沉降Relative settleme nt沉降（土建）

7、沉井Open caiss ons沉井基础Open caiss on foun dati ons沉箱Caiss ons沉箱基础Caiss on foun dati on承回式底座打桩公式Pile driving formula大直径桩带脚沉箱Caiss on with footi ngs单独基础Isolated foun dati ons单极倒圆锥壳基础底座地锚地下连续墙Diaphram walls端承桩En d-beari ng piles墩式基础Pier foun dati ons筏形基础Mat foun dati ons浮筏基础Float ing foun dati ons复合桩Compo

8、site piles刚性基础刚性扩展基础钢板桩钢板桩围堰钢筋混凝土板桩围堰Rein forced con crete sheet ing cofferdams钢桩格排基础Grillage foun dati ons隔振基座拱形基础Arch foun dati ons管柱基础管柱桩Hollow tube piles管桩护墩桩Dolphi ns(structure)环形基础灰土桩Lime-soil piles混凝土围堰Con crete cofferdams混凝土桩con crete piles基础（工程）Fou ndati on s(e ngin eeri ng)基础沉降Fou ndati on

9、 settleme nt基础转动Footi ng rotati on挤密桩Compacti on plies交梁基础Crosswise beam foun dati ons井筒基础矩形基础Recta ngular foun dati ons开口沉箱Open caiss ons空心基础Hollow foun dati ons框架基础Frame foun dati ons扩展基础联合基础Comb ined foun dati ons连续基础Con ti nuous foun dati ons梁式基础Beam foun dati ons螺旋式底座Auger type footi ngs满堂基础Raf

10、t foun dati ons描桩摩擦桩木板桩木板桩围堰木桩气压沉箱Pn eumatic caiss ons浅基础桥梁基础Bridge foun dati ons壳体基础群桩Pile groups韧性桩Flexible piles柔性基础Flexible foun dati ons砂桩设备基础Fou ndati ons of equipme nts深基础Deep foun dati ons石铺水下基础弹性基础Elastic foun dati ons弹性桩Elastic piles套管桩条形基础上锚土石围堰Earth root cofferdams围堰Cofferdams无筋倒圆台基础箱形基础

11、Box foun dati ons箱形桩Box piles斜拉桩斜桩Batter piles预应力桩Prestressed piles预制钢筋混凝土桩Precast rein forced con crete piles预制砌块基础Precast block foun dati ons圆形基础Circular foun dati ons允许沉降Allowable settleme nt折板基础Folded plate foun dati ons柱基础Colum n foun dati ons桩piles桩表皮负摩擦Pile negative skin friction桩承台Pile caps桩

12、承载力pile beari ng capacity桩基础pile foun dati on装配式型钢桩Built-up steel piles组合桩Built piles最终沉降Final settleme nt拔桩Pile extract ing爆扩桩Explosi on expa nded pili ng爆炸加固Explosi on compact ing贝诺托桩Benoto pili ng表面摩擦力Force of surface fricti on槽壁法施工沉井施工沉桩Open caiss on con structi onpile si nki ng锤击沉桩Pile hammeri

13、ng打桩Pile driv ing打桩工程Pili ng works打桩阻力Pile driv ing resista nee地基处理grou nd treatme nts地基加固grou nd stre ngthe ning地基疏于电化学加固Electrochemical eon solidati on电渗降水Electro osmosis dewateri ng冻结法施工Freez ing process冻结加固Con solidati on by freez ing堵水浮运法施工Floati ng method con structi on负摩擦力干法施工Force of n egati

14、ve fricti onDry con structi on灌浆加固Con solidati on by grout ing灌注桩Bored con crete piles夯实加固Ground tamp ing滑坡处理化学加固（地基）回填土加固Back - fill con solidati on基础工程基础施工基础托换Fou ndati on engin eer ingFou ndati on con structi on基地排水Base course drain age机械加固Mecha ni cal con solidati on挤密加固Grou nd extrudi ng接桩Pile

15、splici ng井点降水空气幕法施工Air curta in method雷蒙桩Raym ond piles流砂处理Quicksa nd stabilizati ons螺旋桩理置深度screw piles理桩泥浆固壁施工泥石流处理膨润土法施工牵引阻力热加固（地基）热渗降水人工降低地下水人工注水Artificial recharge砂垫层加固砂化加固砂并排水砂桩排水射气法施工Air jett ing method射水沉桩Jett ing pilli ng试桩水泥加固Ceme nt stabilizati on水平阻力Horiz on tai resista nee塑料加固Plastic eon

16、 solidati on土体承载力托换施工矽化加固（地基）现浇混凝土桩Cast - in - situ eon erete piles旋转喷射桩Chur ning piles压实加固Ground compact ing压桩Pile press ing预压加固Ground preload ing振动沉桩Pile vibro - si nki ng振动加固Con solidati on by vibrat ing振浮压实桩施工Pile driving construction钻孔灌注桩Cast-i n-situ bored piles钻孔桩Bored plies变形计算法Deformati on

17、method薄膜理论场地选择沉降分析法初步设计Prelimi nary desig n纯拱法Pure arch an alysis单位一载荷法叠加法动力反应Dyn amic resp onse防水设计非弹性分析Non-elastic an alysis非线性结构分析分割法（结构分析）概率设计法Probabilistic desig n杆链法Bar-chai n method刚度法功能分析Fun ti onal an alysis拱架法管线综合Pipeli ne layout混合法（有限元法）机械分析极限荷载法ultimate load method权限强度法极限设计法技术设计建筑构图Archi

18、tectural compositi on建筑密度Build ing den sity建筑模数Buildi ng modular建筑色彩Build ing colour建筑设计Architectural desig n建筑制图Architectural draft ing截面分析结构安全度structure safety结构动力分析结构反应结构分析structural an alysis结构计算结构静力分析static structural an alysis结构模数Modular structures结构设计结构寿命结构体系structural systems结构性能structural b

19、ehaviour结构整体性结构最优化Structural optimizati on矩阵法分析抗风设计抗裂计算Crack ing computati on抗震设计aseismatic desig n可靠性设计Reliability desig n力矩微分法Mome nt differe ntiati on耐久性设计Durability desig n能量法扭曲分析法An alysis by twist method平衡法平面布置Layout pla n平面结构倾覆稳定性Overtur ning stability屈服线分析柔度法三弯矩方程声学设计Acoustic desig n使用面积室内设计

20、In terior desig n视觉效果试载荷法竖向布置塑性分析塑性钱线法弹塑性分析Elastic-plastic an alysis弹性分析Elastic an alysis弯矩重分布Mome nt redistrbuti on网格分析Network an alysis细部设计Detaili ng协调法应变能法有限差分法分析Fin ite differe ntial allalysis有限分条法分析Finite strip an alysis有限元分析Fin ite eleme nt an alysis有效面积Effective area载荷分析振动分析Flutter an alysis柱

21、比法总平面布置爆破载荷变量载荷标准载荷冰压力Ice pressure冰载荷Ice loads波浪载荷侧向力Lateral force侧向载荷Lateral loads超顶高堆土载荷超载荷冲击载荷impact load重复载荷Repeated loads等效载荷Equivale nt loads地震力地震载荷seismic load动载荷Dyn amic load短期载荷法向载荷Normal loads分布载荷Distributed loads风压力风载荷荷载Loads横向载荷恒定载荷Perma nent loads恒载Dead loads活载荷Live loads极限载荷集中载荷计算载荷Cal

22、culated loads结构载荷structural loads静载荷均布载荷空气动力载荷离心载荷Cen trifugal loads临时载荷轮载荷脉动载荷Fluctuat ing loads扭转载荷疲劳载荷Fatigue loads偏心力Ecce ntric force偏心载荷Ecce ntric loads破坏载荷Failure loads容许载荷设计载荷Allowable loadsDesig n loads使用载荷竖向力竖向载荷水平力水平载荷瞬时载荷随机载荷Ran dom loads雪载荷永久载荷Dead loads预加载荷Preloads载荷载荷计算Load calculati o

23、n振动载荷vibratory loads阵风载荷正常负载Gust loadsNormal loads周期性载荷Cyclic loads轴向载荷Axial loads轴心力Concen trie force着陆载荷Landing loads组合载荷Comb ined loads取大载荷板形结构板柱结构Plate-column structures玻璃钢结构Glass fiber rein forced plastics structures薄壁结构thi n-walled structures薄壁型钢结构薄壳结构thin-shell structures薄膜结构membra ne structu

24、res超静定结构承重结构Beari ng structures充气结构In flatable strutures大板结构Large panel structures大跨度结构单层框架Lon gspa n structures斗拱Bucket arches多层结构Multistory structures二铁拱房屋结构Building structures非钢筋加筋混凝土结构Non steel rei nforced con crete structures蜂窝结构刚性结构钢管结构tubular structures钢结构steel structures钢筋混凝土结构rein forced co

25、n crete structures钢丝网水泥结构Ferro ceme nt structures高层结构High - rise structures格排Grillages格子结构Gridiro n structures工程结构Engin eeri ng structures拱Arches盒子结构Box shaped structures厚壁结构混合结构Composite strustures混凝土结构Con crete structures夹层结构Lam in ated structures建筑结构buildi ng structures胶合木结构Lam in ated woode n st

26、ructures结构工程结构形式金属结构metal structures静定结构抗侧力结构Lateral resisti ng structures抗风结构抗震结构earthquake resista nt structures空间结构space structures框架结构Framed structures框筒结构Framed tube structures梁柱结构Beam colu mn structures铝合金结构Aluminium alloys structures木结构内框架结构Beari ng wall and frame structures排架结构Bent structure

27、s配筋砌体结构Rei nforced masonry structures平板结构Plate structures平面结构砌块结构Block structures桥梁结构bridge structures壳体结构轻金属结构Light metal structures轻型钢结构Light secti on steel structures轻型结构Light - type structures柔性结构Flexible structures三钱拱上部结构升板结构Lift - slab structure双曲拱Double curvature arches水工结构Hydraulic structure

28、s塑料结构Plastic structures套筒结构筒壳Barrel vaults网架结构Lattice framed structures无钱拱Fixed - end arches无梁楼板结构Girderless foor structures下部结构现浇混凝土结构Cast - in-place con crete structures悬挂结构suspe nded structures悬索结构预应力结构prestressed structures帐篷结构折板结构Folded structures价结构砖石结构Brick masonry structures装配式混凝土结构Prefabric

29、ated con crete structures组合结构composite structures板plates壁式刚架边梁扁平壳体Flat shells变截面构件Non un iform members变截面梁variable cross-secti on beams波纹板Corrugated plates薄板薄壳槽形板Channel plates长柱Long colum ns穿孔板Perforated plates椽子Rafters大型屋面板带肋板单向板One- way slabs单T形板吊杆Han ger rods迭合板Compou nd slabs迭合梁Composite beams短

30、柱short colum ns多边形桁架多孔板Porous plates辐射极复曲面壳体Compou nd curved shells腹板web plates腹板梁web beams腹杆刚架rigid frames隔板工形截面柱l-colu mns工形梁I-beams拱架Arch frames拱形桁架Arch trusses固定梁Fixed beams管柱焊接梁横桁架横梁tran sversal beams格架厚板厚壁壳体环状板Ann ular plates混凝土板Con crete piles加固构件加劲杆加劲构件加劲梁加强肋加腋梁Haun ched beams简支梁simple beams

31、阶梯形柱结构构架结构构件structural members矢巨形板Recta ngular slabs矩形刚架Recta ngular rigid frames矩形截面柱Recta ngular secti on colu mns矩形梁Recta ngular beams锯齿形桁架空腹桁架空间桁架space trusses空心板Hollow core slabs框架skelet on frames连系梁Linking beams连续板Con ti nuous slabs连续桁架连续梁Con ti nuous beams梁beams(supports)梁柱Beam colu mns楝条即接梁门

32、式刚架Portal rigid frames面内受力板Inner forced plates牛腿（结构构件）corbels扭壳排架（构架）Framed bents偏心受拉构件Ecce ntric tension members偏心受压构件Ecce ntric compressi on members平板Flat plates平面桁架pla ne trusses平行弦杆桁架墙板壳体（结构）倾斜构件Diago nal members曲梁Curved beams曲面板Cutved plates圈梁Periphery beams三钱刚架深梁Deep beams受拉构件受扭构件受弯构件Flexural

33、members受压构件Compressi on members栓接梁Bolted girders双曲扁壳双曲抛物面扭壳双向板two-way slabs双肢往双T形板Double T plates弹性构件梯形构架透明板托梁椭圆抛物面壳体Elliptic paraboloid shells椭圆柱Elliptical conlumns网架Lattice frames无梁楼盖Flat slabs无梁平板系杆弦杆Chord members箱形梁Box beams斜撑Diago nal strut型板悬臂桁架悬臂梁悬吊构件旋转壳体移动壳体Mobile shells翼板Fla nges翼梁预应力梁Prest

34、ressed con crete beams预制混凝土梁precast con crete beam圆环壳Circular ring shells圆球壳圆形板Circular slabs圆柱圆锥形壳Coni cal shells折板Folded plates正交各向异性板Perpe ndicular heteroge neous slabs支柱制动梁Brake beams肘板Brackets主街架柱（结构）colum ns装配式单元Prefabricated un its装配式构件prefabricated members缀板Gusset plates纵桁架纵梁Lon gitud inal b

35、eams组合截面板Composite slabs组合梁composite beams组合柱Composite colum nsH形梁T形板T形梁V型折板半刚接变形钢筋Deformed rein forci ng steels沉降缝传力长度搭接Lap joints对接Butt joi nts非焊连接腹板配筋web rei nforceme nt刚接刚性支座钢筋Reinforcing steels工作缝Con structi on joi nts构造配筋Con structi onal rei nforceme nt固定支座Fixed beari ngs辐轴支座焊接结点弧形支座滑动支座回转支座Pi

36、voti ng supports活动支座Movable beari ng supports剪跨比胶接较接pin conn ected joints校式支座Hings supports角接Cor ners接缝Joi nts接缝构造接合部件Joint eleme nts接头Joi nts结点（结构）Joi nts结构修补抗震缝Aseismatic joi nts抗震缓冲器Buffers(earthquake)抗震支座Aseismatic beari ngs控制缝Con trol joi nts连接板Gusset plates连结连续配筋Contin uous rein force me nt裂缝（

37、建筑）breaks(c on structi ons)螺栓结点Bolted joi nts螺旋配筋锚固长度An chorage len gth期接结点粘结Bonding粘结力Bond stress配筋rei nforceme nt配筋率配筋面积Area of rein forceme nt平板支座Plate beari ngs钎接Brazed Joints桥梁支座Bridge supports球结Ball joi nts柔性构造Flexible con structi on柔性支座Flexible supports三向支座伸缩缝Expa nsion joints施工缝Con structi o

38、n joi nts塑性较Plastic hin ges塑性钱线yield lines弹性构造弹性支座Elastic con structi onElastic supports万向支座温度缝Expa nsion joints握裹力Bond stress橡胶支座旋转轴支座摇轴支座预应力筋prestressed reinforcing steels预应力配筋Prestress rei nforceme nt预应力束Prestress ing tendon预应力芯棒Prestressed bars支承support ing支座支座承垫Beari ng pads锥接单位工程Con structi on

39、 un it冬季施工Cold weather con structi on超1空作业High-lift operati on工厂化施工Factorial con structi on工程施工Engineering construction工业化施工In dust nalrtCd con strllCtlon机械化施工Mecha ni zed con structi on架设Erecti on接缝圭封闭Joint seali ng结构吊装立体交叉作业计划Operative pla nning for grade separati on method拼装法施工Assembly un it con

40、structi on平面流水作业计划Operative pla nning for pla ne stream lined process平整地面Grou nd grad ing潜水作业Diving operati on施工队组Con structi on teams施工计划Con structi on program施工进度计划Con structi on schedule施工设计Con structi on desig n施工现场Con structi on site施工组织Con structi on orga ni zati on水力施工Hydraulic operati on水上施工

41、Over-water con structi on水下爆破水下切割水下摄影水下施工水下作业网络法作业计划Operative pla nning for n etwork method夏季施工Hot weather con structi on严寒气候施工Cold weather con structi on炎热气候施工Hot weather con structi on雨季施工Rainy seas on con structi on整体搬迁In tegral movin g(structures)装配化施工Prefabricated con structi on自动化施工Automated c

42、on structi on拌和楼Mixi ng pla nts衬膜Li ning forms除雪机电动脚手架Electrical scaffold ings附着式脚手架Attach ing scaffolds钢筋加工机具钢模板钢丝网水泥模板Ferro - ceme nt forms工具梯骨料工厂Aggregate preparati on pla nts夯实机Compactors滑动模板混凝土构件预制厂Precast con crete un its pla nts混凝土搅拌站Con crete mixi ng pla nts混凝土模板Con crete forms混凝土养护窑Con cret

43、e cunng kil ns混凝土制品厂Con crete produst pla nts活动模板Collapsible forms搅拌站Mixi ng pla nts脚手架沥青搅拌站Bitum in ous mixing pla nts抹灰机具Plasterer 1 s equipment模板templates模板附件Formwork accessories爬模Creep ing formworks膨胀螺栓Expa nsion bolts砌筑机具Masonry equipme nt汽车式脚手架Motortruck scaffold ings潜水电钻施工机具Con structi on equ

44、ipme nt施工平台Operati on platforms塑料模板Plastic forms隧道模板台模Bench formworts上模脱模机具Stripp ing machi nes卫生工程用机具Equipme nts for san itary engin eer ing吸水模板橡胶模板移动式脚手架Movable falseworks永久性模板Perma nent formwoks油漆机具预应力薄板模板Prestressed con crete plate forms预应力锚夹具Prestress ing tendon an chors预制构件模板Precast-c on crete

45、 forms真空模板振动砖壁板整体拼装模板In tegral assembled forms装修机具Finishing equipme nt薄膜养护Membra ne cur ing长线台座法施工Long line cast ing bed processs大体积混凝土施工Mass con crete con structi on单根张拉预加应力One by one tensioning导管浇筑混凝土施工电热干燥电热张拉预加应力Electric heated prestress ing覆盖层灌浆Bia nket grout ing骨料加工Aggregate preparati on骨料粒径Ag

46、gregate size灌筑Plac ing红外线干燥in frared drying后张法预加应力Post - tensioning后张自锚Post - tensioned self-a nchori ng滑模板施工混凝土捣固Con crete tamp ing混凝土浇筑Con crete pouri ng混凝土搅拌Comrete mixi ng混凝土喷射施工混凝土施工Con crete con structi on混凝土养护Con crete cur ing接头填缝Joint filli ng就地立起法施工立模法施工Formwork process锚固An chori ng锚固法施工An

47、chori ng con structi on模板法施工Formwork process模板铺装Formwork erecti on暖棚法施工破碎热养护人工骨料制备Manm ade aggregate preparati on商品混凝土Commercial ready - mixed con cretes升板法施工Lift slab con structi on升板施工Lift slab con structi on升层施工Lift flat con structi on升模降模法Deck form con structi on施工缝水泥制品养护Ceme nt products curi ng

48、s水下混凝土浇筑隧道模施工太阳能养护脱模Form stripp ing先张法预加应力Prete nsioning现场预制In-situ precast现浇钢筋混凝土施工Cast - in - situ con crete con structi on新老混凝土结合Bond betwee n fresh and harde ned con cretes蓄热法施工压力灌浆Pressure grout ing压实施工法预加应力Pre-stress ing预搅拌混凝土Ready-mixed con cretes预应力加筋锚固Prestressed rein forceme nt an chori ng预制工艺Precasti ng process圆体张拉预加应力Circular prestress ing真空作业振浮压实蒸汽养护整体张拉预加应力Mono lithic tension