1状语从句状语从句用来修饰主句中的动词汇总

1、状语从句状语从句用来修饰主句中的动词，副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。根据 其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句，地点状语从句，条件状语从句，原因状语从句，结果状语从句，比较状语从句，目的状语从句，让步状语从句。1. 时间状语从句（1）时间状语从句常用 when, as, while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as等 连词来引导。例如：It was raining hard（ rain hard 下大雨） when got to school yesterday.While he was doing his homework, the t

2、elephone rang. As he walked along（沿着 走） the lake, he sang happily.He had learned a little Chinese before he came to China. After he finished middle school, he went to work in a factory.难点as whe n while的辨析as when while都表示主、从句动作同时发生，三者差异如下： 表示“一边。一边"的意思as强调两个动作同时进行，并表示对比时，用于发生时间较段时whe n：1、 还可以表示从

3、句动词的动作在主几句动词的动作"之前"或"之后"发 生。2、when= and then; at that moment 正在那个时候）while、1、用于时间较长时2、强调两个动作同时进行，并表示对比时 有时这三个连词可以互换，有时不可以。It was rai ning hard whe n （as） I got there.我到那里时，正在下大雨。（动作同时发生，when可换为as，但不能换为while，因为get是点动词.）Whe n I had read the article, he called me.我看完这篇文章之后，她给我打了电话。（从

4、句动作发生在主句之前，注意时态表达，只能用 when ）Whe n I got to the cin ema, the film had beg un.（当）我到了电影院时，电影已经开演了。（从句的动作发生在主句之后，只能用 when,并要注意时态）He was about to leave, whe n the teleph one rang.他正要离开，忽然电话响了。（此时不能放在句首。主句动词一般表达“正在” “即将”.while, as不能代替 考点）She thought I was talking about her daughter, while, in fact, I was

5、talking about my daughter.他以为我在谈她女儿，然而，实际上在谈论我女儿。(表转折，对比，whe n, as都不能代替它)考点(2) 在时间状语从句里，通常不用将来时态，用一般现在时表示将来的动作或 状态。例如：I 'Iri ng you up as soon as I get to New York. I will tell him everyth ing whe n he comes back. He won 'believe it un til he sees it with his own eyes.(3) 在带有till或until引导的时间状

6、语从句的主从复合句里，如果主句用肯定 式，其含义是“一直到时”，谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否 定式，其含义是“直到才”,“在以前不”，谓语动词可用 瞬间动词。例如：The young man read till the light went out (熄灭).Let's wait until the rain stops.We won 'start un til Bob comes.Don 'get off (从下来)un til the bus stops.【Till是指直到某一特定事件发生的时候，而在那个时刻之后，该事情或状况 仍将持续。Un til是指直

7、到某一特定事件发生的时候，而讲话的人在自己心里认为，在那个时刻之后，该事情或该状况将中止(不怎么可能持续)。固定组合里 from morning till night，till/until 是不能替换的，】2. 条件状语从句(1) 条件状语从句通常由if, unless引导。例如：What shall we do if it snows tomorrow?Don 'leave the buildi ng uni ess I tell you to.(2) 在条件状语从句里，谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例 如：I 'help you with your En gl

8、ish if am free tomorrow. He won ' t be late uni ess he is ill.(3) “祈使句+ and (or)+陈述句”在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。例如：Hurry up, or you 'll be late. =If you don' t hurry up, you'llbelate.Study hard and you will pass the exam. =If you study hard, you will pass the exam.3. 原因状语从句(1) 原因状语从句通常由be

9、cause, since, a引导。例如：He did n'tcome to school because he was ill.As it is raining, we shall not (不得； 不应该) go the zoo. Since you canta nswer the questi on, Illask some one elsebecause表示直接原因，语气最强。Because引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。 回答由why提出的问题，只能 用because As和since语气较弱，一般用来表示明显的原因。由 as和since 引导的原因状语从居多放在句首。例如

10、：Why aren't going there?Because I don't want to.As he has no car, he ca'nt get there easily. Since we have no money, we ca'nt buy it.(3)because和so不能同用在一个句子里。4. 结果状语从句(1) 结果状语从句由sothat, suchthat, so that引导。例如：He is so poor that he can't buy a bike for his son.She is such a good te

11、acher that everybody likes her.My pencil fell under the desk, so that I couldn't see it.(2) sothat语such.that可以互换。例如：在由so.that引导的结果状语从句中，so是副词，与形容词连用。 其结构是: “.so + 形容词(副词) + that + 从句”。例如：He was so glad that he couldn'tsay a word. The hall is so big that it can hold 2,000 people. Mother lives

12、 so far away that we hardly eve(r 几乎不，从来不) see her. 在由suchthat引导的结果状语从句中，such是形容词，它修饰的可以是单数 或复数可数名词，也可以是不可数名词；名词前面可以带形容词，也可不带。 如果是单数可数名词，前面需加不定冠词a或an。例如：It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything.He had such long arms that he could almost touch the ceilin(g. 天花板)He made such rapid progr

13、ess that he did very well in the mid-term. 有时上述两种结构是可以互换的。例如：It was such a wonderful film that all of us wanted to see it again. =The film was so wonderful that all of us wanted to see it again.It is such an important match that nobody wants to miss it. =The match is so important that nobody wants t

14、o miss it.(3) 如果名词前由many, much, little, few等词修饰时，只能用so,不用such。例 如：Soon there were so many deer that they ate up all the wild roses.He has so little time that he can t go to the cinema (去看电影) with you.5. 比较状语从句比较状语从句通常由asas,比较级+ tha n等连词引导。例如：Tom runs faster than John does.This classroom is as big as

15、 that one.6. 目的状语从句(1)目的状语从句通常由so that, in order tha(t 为了，以便)引导。例如：We started early so that we could catch the first trainHe studies hard so that he could work better in the future.We used the computer in order that we might save time.(2)so that 既可引导目的状语从句，又可引导结果状语从句。区别这两种从句 的办法有两个：1)目的状语从句里往往带有情态动词

16、 can, could, may, might 等。2)从意思上看，目的状语从句往往表示的目的很明确。例如：Speak clearly so that they may understand you.目 的状语从句)Jack is badly ill so that he has to rest.(结果状语从句 )7. 让步状语从句(1)让步状语从句通常由although, though等连词引导。例如：Though he is young, he knows a lot.Although I am tired, I must go on working.although(though)不能用

17、在同一个句子中。例如：我们不能说： Though it was raining hard, but he still went out.应该说：Though it was raining hard, he still went out或 It was raining hard, but he still went out. 8. 地点状语从句地点状语从句常常由where来引导。例如：Go where you like.Where there is a will, there is a way.总结：状语从句分类及常用连词：类别时间状语从句 地点状语从句 原因状语从句 等于 and so on)

18、 目的状语从句结果状语从句 条件状语从句 让步状语从句etc.比较状语从句方式状语从句连词when, whenever, while, as, before, after, since, till, onc（e 一旦） where, whereverbecause, since, as, for, now that既然，由于）etc. （et cetera n order that（为了，以便）,so that, that, etc.so that, so that, suchthat, that, etc.if, unless, as（so）long as, etc.though, alth

19、ough, even if, even though, however, whatever, as,asas, soas, tha n, etc. as, as if, as though, etc.宾语从句 宾语从句是一种名词性从句， 在句中作及物动词的宾语， 或介词的宾语， 或形 容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。1. 由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非 正式文体中可以省略。例如：He said ( that) he wanted to stay at home.She doesn't know ( that) sh

20、e is seriously ill.I am sure ( that) he will succeed.2. 由连接代词 who, whom, whose, what, which 和连接副词 when, where, why, how 引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。 例如：Do you know who（ whom）they are waiting for?He asked whose handwriting was the best.Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?I don't know w

21、hy the train is late.3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。 例如：I want to know if（whether）he lives there. He asked me whethe（rif）I could help him.【宾语从句歌诀】 宾语从句三姊妹， that，if/whether，wh-/how 展风采。 展风采有三关，引导词、语序、时态在把关。主从时态要一致，陈述语序永不变。陈述请你选that,疑问需用if/whether连。 特殊问句作宾从，原来问词不用换。三关过后莫得意，人称、标点需注意。留意变脸的i

22、f/when，从句的简化记心间。【歌诀解码】一、三姊妹 宾语从句根据引导词的不同可分为三种类型：1. 由that引导的宾语从句。如We knew（that）we should learn from each other.2. 由 if/whether 引导的宾语从句。如Please tell me if/whether you have been to America.3. 由 who， where， how 等连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句。如：Can you tell me how I can get to the nearest post office?二、三关1. 引导词关如果从句是

23、陈述句，引导词用that （that在口语或非正式文体中常省略）；如果 从句是一般疑问句，引导词用if/whether ;如果从句是特殊疑问句，弓I导词用 由疑问词转换而来的疑问代词 /副词。2. 语序关 陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。如：He is an honest boy. The teacher saidThe teacher sai（ that） he was an honest boy. 一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语序变为陈述语序。如：Does he work hard? I won der. I won der if/whether he works h

24、ard.When did he leave? I don t know. I don' t know when he left.3. 时态关 如果主句是现在的时态，从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。如：I have heard（that）he will come back next week. 如果主句是过去的某种时态， 那么从句的时态一定要用过去的某种时态。 如： He said（that）there were no classes yesterday.注意：如果宾语从句表述的是客观真理、 自然现象等时， 不管主句是什么时态， 从句都要用一般现在时。如：He said that ligh

25、t travels much faster than sound.三、人称的变化和标点的使用1. 从句的主语如果是第一人称，变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致；如果是 第二人称，则与主句的宾语一致；如果是第三人称，不用变化。如：“May I use your knife?” He asked me. He asked me if he might use my knife. “Do you know her telephone number? ” He askeHdemasek. ed me if I know her telephone number.2. 宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。主句是陈述

26、句，用句号；主句是疑问句， 用问号。如：Who will give us a talk? I don' t know. I don' t know who will give us a talk. Do you know? Where does he live? Do you know where he lives?四、两副面孔if和when既能引导时间状语从句，又能引导宾语从句。因此，遇到它们就要 认真分析一下，它们究竟属于“两副面孔”的哪一副。如：If it rains tomorrow, I won ' t come.（时间状语从句）I don' t kn

27、ow if it will rain tomorrow. （宾语从句）五、从句的简化1. 当主句谓语动词是find , see, watch, hear等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾 语宾补”结构，宾补为不带 to 的不定式或 V-ing 形式。如：She found that the wallet was lying on the ground.She found the wallet lying on the ground.2. 当主句谓语动词是 hope, wish， decide, forget，plan，agree等，且主句主 语与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构。如：She

28、agreed that she could help me with my maths. She agreed to help me with my maths.3. 在连接代词 /副词引导的宾语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一 致时，宾语从句可简化为“连接代词 /副词不定式”结构。如：Can you tell me how I can get to the station? Can you tell me how to get to the station?【中考范例】1. Miss Green didn ' t tell us in 2002.A. where does s

29、he liveB. Where she livesC. where did she live D. where she lived （北京市中考试题）【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是宾语从句的语序和时态。宾语从句应用陈述 句的语序和时态，所以应选 D。2. Would you please tell me ? （上海市徐汇区中考试题）A. when did he come home B. where he would play footballC. if he had seen the filmD. why he didn 't watch the game【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是

30、宾语从句的语序和时态。主句用的实际 上是现在时，宾语从句在这个句子里应用陈述句的语序和一般过去时。3. I don ' t know when .A. will the train leaveB. the train will leaveC. would the train leaveD. the train leave （哈尔滨市中考试题）【解析】答案：B。该题考查的是宾语从句的语序和时态。只有 B在语序 和时态上符合要求。4. -We don' t know .-It is said that he was born in Sweden. （常州市中考试题）A. what

31、he isB. if he lives hereC. where he comes fromD. which country is he from【解析】答案：C。该题考查的是宾语从句的语序。按照他们谈论的话题可知： 他们说的是某人是哪里人。A和B可以排除掉。D的语序不对，只有C正确。状语从句专练 练习一一. 单项填空1. he' s old, he can still carry this heavy bag.A. Though B. Since C. For D. So2. -Do you know if he to play basket ball with us?-I thin

32、k he will come if he free tomorrow.D. will come; will' t swim, the dolphins mahelp D. falls;A. comes; is B. comes; will be C. will come; is be3. In the zoo if a child into the water and canup him.A. will fall; to help B. falls; to help C. will fall;helping4. I don ' t remember he worked in t

33、hat city when he was young.D. whoA. what B. which C. where5. We will stay at home if my aunt to visit us tomorrow.A. comesB. comeC. will comeD. is coming6. The police asked the children cross the street the trafficlights turned green. A. not; before B. don ' t; when C. not to; until D. not; afte

34、r7. I was late for class yesterday there was something wrong with my bike.A. whenB. thatC. untilD. because8. I ' ll go swimming with you if I free tomorrow.A. will beB. shall beC. amD. was9. In the exam, the you are, the mistakes you willmake.A. careful; little B. more careful; fewest C. more ca

35、reful; fewer D. more careful; less10. You should finish your lessons you go out to play.A. beforeB. afterC. whenD. while11. I hurried I wouldn ' t be late for class.A. sinceB. so thatC. as ifD. unless12. When you read the book, you' d better make a mark you have anyquestions.A. whichB. thatC

36、. where D. though13. The teacher raised his voice all the students could hear him.A. for B. so thatC. becauseD. in order14. He took off his coat he felt hot.A. because B. as C. ifD. since15. It is that we' d like to go out for a walk.A. a lovely dayB. too lovely a day C. so lovely a day D. such

37、lovely aday16. Mary had much work to do that she stayed at her office all day.D. veryD. As ifD. AsD. The momentD. gotA. such B. so C. too17. I felt very tired, I tried to finish the work.A. AlthoughB. BecauseC. As18. the day went on, the weather got worse.A. WithB. Since C. While19. well you can dri

38、ve, you must drive carefully.A. So long asB. In order that C. No matter how20. Write to me as soon as you to Beijing.A. will getB. getC. getting二. 根据中文意思完成下列英语句子1. 不管他跟我开什么玩笑，我都不生气。I am not angry with him, jokes he on me.2. 布鲁斯太太对学生非常亲切，以至于学生把她当做母亲。Mrs. Bruce was kind to her students they her theirm

39、other.3. 只要我们竭尽全力，父母就会满意我们的表现。Our parents will be pleased with our performance we try ourbest.4. 你一到上海就给我打个电话好吗？Will you please call me you get to Shanghai.5. 这个七岁的女孩酷爱钢琴，以至于他已经坚持练习两年了。The seven-year-old girl likes playing the piano she haskept practicing for two years.6. 虽然她很忙，他还坚持自学英语。 , she kept

40、on learning English by herself.7. 他长大后相当一名记者。He wants to be a journalist .8. 无论刮风下雨，我们的老师总是第一个到校。 windy or rainy, our teacher is always the first to get to school.9. 如果人人为保护环境做出贡献，世界将会变得更美好。 to protecting the environment, the world will become much more beautiful.10. 李明昨天没来上学，因为他病了。Li Ming didn '

41、;t come to school 1 The meeting didn't start_ everyone was there.A. because B. until C. why D. if2 The boy _ to bed _ his mother came in.A. went not; until B. didn't go; afterC. went; untilD. didn't go; until3 I won't believe you_ I have seen it with my own eyes.A. beforeB. untilC. a

42、fter D. when4 He _ home _ she was satisfied _ his answer yesterday.A. didn't go; until; withB. wasn't go; after; to C. doesn't go; before; with D.D. won't be; isD. ifdidn't go; until; to 5 He _ back until the work _ done. A. isn't; will beB. isn't; isC. won't be; will

43、 be6 They didn't start the work _ their teacher came back. A. until B. while C. as soon as 7. Tom will call me as soon as he _ Shanghai.A. arrives B. will reach C. arrives inD. get to8. I'm sure he'll come to see me before he _ Beijing.A. will leaveB. is leavingC. leaveD. leaves9. I will

44、 tell him the news as soon as he_ back.A. come B. comes C. will come D. came10. Tom has got a watch. He _ it for two years. It by his father.A. has bought; was bought B. has got; is boughtC. was bought; has boughtD. has had; was bought "' 11. When he got to the station, the train _.A. left

45、B. had left C. leaves D. has left12. The boy told his father what he _ in the street.A. saw B. have seen C. had seen D. see13. We _ TV when the telephone .C. watch; ringsD. areC. had finish to readA. watched; was ringing B. were watching; rang watching; rang14. By the end of last term, I_ ten books.

46、A. had finished reading B. have finish reading D. finish read15. I _ you for a long time. Where A. didn't see; did; goC. haven't seen; have; been16. Tom_ China for 3 years. A. has been B. has been inyou _?B. didn't see; have; goneD. haven't seen; have; goneC. has been toD. has been a

47、t17. I won't go to see the film tonight, because I _ my ticket.A. lostB. have lost C. will lose D. didn't lose18. -Hello! May I speak to Bob? -Sorry, but hefor a mon th.A. had bee n away B. was left C. leftD. has bee n away19. Ihim since I began to live in the city.A. knowB. have knownC. kne

48、wD. will know20. Zhao Lanalreadyin this school for two years.A. was; study ing B. will; study C. has; studiedD. are; study ing21. Betty did n't go to see the film yesterdayshe was ill.A. because B. butC. un tilD. if22 May I sit n earerI can see more clearly?A. as ifB. so thatC. eve n ifD. so23 y

49、ou work hard, you will certa inly succeed.A. Though B. IfC. BecauseD. For24 he came to study in the uni versity, he has made much progress in the studyof En glish.A. WhileB. Whe nC. SinceD. After25 I'd like to go swimmingthe water is not too cold.A. forB. unl essC. ifD. whether26 There aremany l

50、eague members in class 2in Class 4.A. both; and B. 'so; thatC. either; orD. as; as27. -Do you have a big library?-No, we don't. At least, notyours.D. bigger asD. /; thanD. soD. whichA. as big asB. as big tha nC. as bigger tha n28. Suzhou is notbeautifulHan gzhou.A. as; tha nB. so; asC. eve n

51、; tha n29. Iro n is more usefulany other metal.A. asB. thanC. then30. I want to knowshe is going to see a film.A. ifB. thatC. what31. You are sure to pass the examyou study hard.A. ifB. thoughC. thatD. since32. I'll go to see the film with youI have time this eve ning.A. whether B. soC. ifD. whe

52、 n33. you study harder, you'll never pass the final exam.A. IfB. U ntilC. U nlessD. Except34. Although it was raining, still worked in the fields.A. but they B. and they C. theyD. and yet they35 there were on ly five soldiers left at the front,they went on fighti ng.A. Because; so B. If; andC. T

53、hough; but D. Though; /36 she is very old,she can still work eight hours a day.A. Because; so B. Though; but C. As; yet D. Though; yet37. Please answer the question in a loud enough voice _ all the class may hear. A. so thatB. orC. in order thatD. and38. Lift it up _I may see it.A. thoughB. so thatC

54、. asD.than39. I hurried _I wouldn't be late for class.A. soB. so thatC. ifD.unless40. We should go by bus _ we can get there earlier.A. as soon asB. whereC. in order thatD.as41 The dictionary is so expensive _ I can't buy it.A. becauseB. whenC. thatD.if42 I got there _ late _ I didn't se

55、e him.A. too; toB. such; thatC. so; thatD.so; as43 It is _ hot in the room _ we have to go out for a walk.A. such; thatB. so; thatC. as; asD. such; as44 He has_an interesting book that we want to read it.A. soB. suchC. the sameD. as宾语从句练习 一、选择填空。（ ） 1. What did Mike say? He said .A. if you are free

56、the next week B. what color was itC. the weather is fineD. summer comes after spring（ ） 2. Tom asked my friend .A. where was he fromB. that the earth is bigger than the moonC. when did he come back D. not to be so angry（ ） 3. Let me tell you .A. how much is the carB. how much does the car costC. how much did I pay for the car D. how much I spent on the car （ ） 4. Peter knew .A. whether he has finished reading the bookB. why the boy had so many questionsC. there were 12 months in a yearD. when they will leave for Paris（ ） 5. Could y