非谓语专项2015

1、非谓语动词知识及练习非谓语动词知识及练习 1.定义：定义：不做谓语的动词不做谓语的动词：可做主语、宾语、表语、：可做主语、宾语、表语、 状语、和定语状语、和定语2.形式：形式：to do ( to be doing ;to have done) doing ( having done) ( having been done) done 3. 使用条件：非谓动词的逻辑主语与句子主语一致使用条件：非谓动词的逻辑主语与句子主语一致 时，方可使用非谓语动词，（否则为独立主格结构）时，方可使用非谓语动词，（否则为独立主格结构）4. 非谓语动词的否定形式：在其前加非谓语动词的否定形式：在其前加not( n

2、ot to do /not doing / not done /not having done (判断小窍门判断小窍门：先找句子谓语，看前后是否有连词）：先找句子谓语，看前后是否有连词）定义练习1._your essay carefullybefore handing it in, some mistakes can surely be avoided,I think. A. Having checked B.While checking C. As long as you check D. Check2.-_the window,my finger was cut unexpectedly.

3、 - Im sorry to hear that. A. Having cleaned B. To clean C. While cleaning D. While I was cleaningCD解答考查非谓语动词的题目时，要遵循解答考查非谓语动词的题目时，要遵循以下解题思路：以下解题思路： 解析句子结构，判断谓语与非谓语解析句子结构，判断谓语与非谓语 找逻辑主语，确定主动或被动；找逻辑主语，确定主动或被动； 找谓语；比先后，判断时态形式找谓语；比先后，判断时态形式 找关键词，用非谓语恰当形式找关键词，用非谓语恰当形式 找选项动词，判断是否为及物动词找选项动词，判断是否为及物动词解题方法总结

4、作定语区别： 不定式（不定式（to do /to be done) : 暗含将来暗含将来 现在分词（现在分词（doing /being done): 表示动作表示动作正在正在进行或持续进行或持续。注意：。注意：having done不可以做定语。不可以做定语。 过去分词（过去分词（done）：表示）：表示动作完成和被动动作完成和被动（vt.)或者状态或者状态(vi.)注意：注意：1.序数词序数词/形容词最高级形容词最高级/ next/ only /last后常用后常用 to do (一般式一般式）作定语。）作定语。 2. 常见的抽象名词常见的抽象名词 ability/ chance/ idea

5、/ promise/ way后常跟不定式。后常跟不定式。非谓语作定语练习非谓语作定语练习1)This company was the first _(produce) portable radio as well as cassette tape recorders in the world.2) The flowers _(smell)sweet in the garden attract the visitors to the beauty of natureto produce smelling3. The American soliders_(send) to Iraq kissed

6、their family goodbye and left in a hurry. 4. The bell _ (indicate)the end of the period rang,_ (interrupt)our heated discussion.5. -The last one _(arrive)pays the meal. -Agreedto be sent toindicatinginterruptingto arrive 6. We hope the building project_(carry) out will be completed as soon as possib

7、le because a lot of citizens are complaining about the noise. 7. The trees _(blow) down in the storm have been moved off the road.being carried blown 非谓语作定语的特殊情况： “有有要干要干” have sth to do （do的逻辑主语的逻辑主语为句子主语为句子主语） have sth to be done（do的逻辑主语的逻辑主语不是句子主语）不是句子主语）1）Im going to the supermarket this afterno

8、on. Do you have anything _ (buy)?2) I have to leave,because I have something _(wash). I am free now, Do you have something_ (wash)? to be bought to washto be washed 非谓语动词作状语（P93) 不定式作状语：不定式作状语：（to do/ to be done 1.做目的状语（置于句做目的状语（置于句首，可用逗号隔开）首，可用逗号隔开） 2.做结果状语（多表示做结果状语（多表示出乎意料的结果，常出乎意料的结果，常与与only to d

9、o) 3.做原因状语：（常用做原因状语：（常用于固定句型：主语于固定句型：主语+be+adj.(情感）情感）to do 分词作状语分词作状语A：现在分词：现在分词： (与句子主语与句子主语为主谓关系，即主动关为主谓关系，即主动关系。）系。） doing(强调与强调与谓语动词同时谓语动词同时发生）发生） having done（强调先于谓（强调先于谓语动词发生，语动词发生，有明显先后有明显先后关系）关系）B. 过去分词：过去分词： （与句子主语（与句子主语之间为动宾关系，即被动之间为动宾关系，即被动关系）关系） 注意：注意：having been done 强调先于谓语强调先于谓语动词动词可以做

10、：时间、原因、伴随、条件、方式、让步、和结果状语可以做：时间、原因、伴随、条件、方式、让步、和结果状语注意：注意：-ing常表示自然而然的结果、解释说明的作用常表示自然而然的结果、解释说明的作用解题小贴士：解题小贴士：看此动词与句子主语之间的关系看此动词与句子主语之间的关系： 1) _(find) out more about university course, call(920) 746-3789 2)He hurried to the station only_that the train had left. To find outto find3. A middleaged woman

11、 came _(run)to the bus stop only_(find)the bus had gone. 4. “ We cant go out in this weather,” said Bob,_ (look) out of the window. 5. _(put)into use in April 2000,the hotline was meant for residents reporting water. A. Put B. Putting C. Having put D. Being putrunninglookingPut to find6. _ (devote)t

12、o his research work,the professor cared little about any other things. 7._(attract)by the beauty of nature, the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm. 8. Sugar,when_(mix)with water, dissolves quickly. DevotedAttractedmixed10. _(not complete) the programme,they have to stay t

13、here for another two weeks.11.Exciting as its special effects are_ (watch), there is too much violence in the film.Not having completedto watch非谓语动词做宾语补足语非谓语动词做宾语补足语固定短语居多：常考点及难点参看语法书固定短语居多：常考点及难点参看语法书P91.(Read it by yourselves for 5minutes)1.使役动词：使役动词：have + 宾语宾语+宾补（宾补（ do / doing /done) make/ let

14、+ 宾语宾语+宾补宾补 (do / done)2. 感官动词：感官动词感官动词：感官动词+ 宾语宾语+宾补宾补 （ do / doing /done)3. leave / get + 宾语宾语+宾补宾补 ( to do / doing / done)4. find + 宾语宾语+宾补宾补 ( doing /done / (to be) +adj./n.5. catch sb doing (注意：平常要善于积累短语：如注意：平常要善于积累短语：如 advise sb to do ) 小贴士小贴士：死记硬背。：死记硬背。1.Excuse me, Sir, where is Room301? -Ju

15、st a minute. Ill have Bob _ (show) you to your room. A.show B. shows C. to show D. showing2. Because of my broken Russion, I cant make myself _(understand). showunderstood3. He looked around and caught a man_ (put) his hand into the pocket of a passenger. 4. A cook will be immediately fired if he is

16、 found _(smoke) in the kitchen. 5. Dont leave the water _(run) while you brush your teeth. 6. You should understand the traffic rules by now. Youve had it _(explain) often enough. puttingsmokingrunningexplained非谓语特殊句式非谓语特殊句式1.There be 句型在固定短语中的应用句型在固定短语中的应用 随固定短语的用法而变，如：随固定短语的用法而变，如：want there to be

17、 /expect there to be / imagine there being Ex. 1. Peaceloving people dont want there _( be)another war in Iraq. 2.I always imagine there _(be) a beautiful garden in front of my house. to bebeing35. How about the two of us _(take) a walk down the garden?36.The students expected there _(be) more revie

18、wing classes before the final exam.37.I dreamed of there_（be） a car of my own.38.Peace-loving people dont want there _(be)another war in Iraq.39.Who could have imagined such a sweet-tempered girl as Alice _(do) such a thing?there be 句型的复合结构takingto be beingto bedoing1.Sandy could do nothing but _to

19、his teacher that he was wrong.2.The child had nothing to do but/except _ (go)to bed 3.The bear has no choice but _(lie)down and sleep.4.They did nothing but _(complain)特殊句式结构goto liecomplain1.have no choice but/except to do 2.do nothing but /except do3.have nothing to do but doadmit句式二句式二 主语主语+be +

20、said / reported/ thought/believed+ to do / to be doing / to have done=Its+ said /reported/thought.that+ 从句从句 注意：注意：to do 表示将要；表示将要；to be doing 表示正在表示正在进行；进行；to have done 表示动作完成和结束表示动作完成和结束 eg. He is said to have graduated from college.= It is said that he has graduated from college. 1.Wang Hua is sa

21、id _ (design)a new computer programme recently, But I dont know when she will finish it.2.The bank is reported in the local newspaper_( rob)in broad daylight yesterday. 3. My friend Bob is said _(go) abroad next year, but I dont know the exact time. to have been designingto have been robbedto go abr

22、oad句式三句式三 With/ without 复合结构复合结构 (参看语法书参看语法书P96) with/ without +名词名词/代词代词+ to do(将要）将要） with/without +名词名词/代词代词+ doing（正在进（正在进行）行） with/ without +名词名词/代词代词+ done（表示被（表示被动完成）动完成） 注意：注意：to do 主动形式表被动主动形式表被动 （其他结构作为参考）（其他结构作为参考）1.I couldnt do my homework with all that noise _( go) on . 2. With trees an

23、d grass _(cover)39.6 of the urban area,the city of Weifang has taken on a new look.3.With all my saving _(use) up,I had to borrow some. goingcoveringused主动形式表被动主动形式表被动（参看语法书（参看语法书P94)1. I like getting up early in summer. The morning air is so good_( breathe). 2.We found the essay easy _ (understand)

24、 to breatheto understand非谓语动词的省略非谓语动词的省略 状语从句的省略：多为省略从句主语+be 连词+ doing( 与句子主语为主动关系） 连词+done （与句子主语为被动关系） 动词不定式的省略：动词后保留to （如to后有be或have,则保留）1.Water,when_ (heat)enough,can change into vapor quickly. 2. I wonder why you didnt do it as_(tell) to.3. The flowers his friend gave him will die unless _( wat

25、er)every day. 4. Mother told me cold chicken is delicious when_(eat) with salad. heatedtold towateredeatendoing和和to do做主语、表做主语、表语、宾语的情况及一些特语、宾语的情况及一些特殊句式参见绿皮书非谓语殊句式参见绿皮书非谓语动词专题部分（动词专题部分（recite by yourself to digest them)4(1) 常接动词常接动词ing作宾语的动词作宾语的动词(短语短语)记忆点拨：记忆点拨：Safe camp is God.（安全营是上帝）（安全营是上帝）s s

26、uggest(建议建议) set about(开始开始) stand（容（容忍）忍）a - advise(建议建议),allow,admit(承认承认)，appreciate(感激感激)，avoid(避免避免)f - finish(完成完成) ，feel like(意欲意欲),forbid(禁止禁止)e - enjoy(欣赏欣赏)，escape(逃脱逃脱)c - cant help (禁不住禁不住)，consider(考虑考虑)m - mind(介意介意) miss(错过错过) p- practice(练习练习) put off(推迟推迟)，permit(允允许许)i - imagine(想象想象)insist on (坚持坚持)g - get used to(习惯于习惯于)give up（放弃（放弃)0 oppose object to(反对反对) d - delay(推迟推迟) deny(否认否认)动词-ing形式作宾语想要干想要干want, wish, hope, expect, att