被动语态讲解46331PPT课件

1、1.一般现在时态的被动语态结构一般现在时态的被动语态结构: am/is/are + vt 过去分词过去分词2.一般过去时态的被动语态结构一般过去时态的被动语态结构: was/ were + vt 过去分词过去分词3.含有情态动词的被动语态结构含有情态动词的被动语态结构: 情态动词情态动词+be+ vt 过去分过去分词词4.一般将来时的被动语态结构一般将来时的被动语态结构: will/shall +be + vt 过去分词过去分词5.现在进行时态的被动语态结构现在进行时态的被动语态结构: am/ is /are+being + vt 过去分词过去分词6.过去进行时态的被动语态结构过去进行时态的被

2、动语态结构:was / were + being+ vt 过去分词过去分词7.现在完成时态的被动语态结构现在完成时态的被动语态结构: have/has been + vt 过去分词过去分词第1页/共39页The boy broke the glass.The glass was broken by the boy.如何从主动语态变为被动语态？1.主语 介词by 宾语2.谓语 加be,并变为过去分词3.宾语 主语第2页/共39页主动语态和被动语态对照表主动语态和被动语态对照表时时 态态主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态1 一般现在时一般现在时do/doesam/is/are+过去分词过去分词2 一

3、般过去时一般过去时didwas/were+过去分词过去分词3 一般将来时一般将来时will+动词原形动词原形will+be+过去分词过去分词4 过去将来时过去将来时would+动词原形动词原形would+be+过去分词过去分词5 现在进行时现在进行时am/is/are+v-ingam/is/are+being+过去分过去分词词6 过去进行时过去进行时was/were+v-ingwas/were+being+过去分过去分词词7 现在完成时现在完成时have/has+过去分词过去分词have/has+been+过去分词过去分词8 过去完成时过去完成时had+过去分词过去分词had+been+过去分

4、词过去分词9 含情态动词含情态动词情态动词情态动词+动词原形动词原形情态动词情态动词+be+过去分词过去分词第3页/共39页1.They make shoes in that factory.主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语Shoes are made (by them) in that factory.一般现在时：一般现在时：am/is /are +过去分词过去分词各种时态变为被动语态各种时态变为被动语态第4页/共39页2. They bought ten computers last term Ten computers were bought (by them) last term.

5、一般过去时：一般过去时：was/were +过去分词过去分词第5页/共39页Tom will clean the room tomorrow.主主谓谓宾宾The room will be cleanedby Tom tomorrow.一般将来时：一般将来时：will be+过去分词过去分词第6页/共39页3Amy can take good care of Gina Gina can be taken good care of by Amy.情态动词：情态动词：can/may/must/should + be+过去分词过去分词第7页/共39页5.Some workers are paintin

6、g the rooms nowThe rooms are being painted by some workers now.现在进行时：现在进行时：am/is/are + being +过去分词过去分词第8页/共39页7I was doing my homework at 8:00 last night My homework was being done (by me) at 8:00 last night.过去进行时：过去进行时：was/were+being+过去分词过去分词第9页/共39页6We have made twenty more keysTwenty more keys ha

7、ve been made by us.现在完成时：现在完成时： have/has + been+过去分词过去分词第10页/共39页请将下列主动语态变成被动语态请将下列主动语态变成被动语态1.Lucy bought some fruit. Some fruit _ _ _ Lucy.2.Uncle Wang waters the flowers every day. The flowers _ _ _ Uncle Wang every day.3.Did they build the bridge in 1998? _ the bridge _ in 1998?4.When did Lu Xun

8、 write these books?When _these books _ _ Lu Xun?5.The farmers dont grow apples on the farm.Apples _ _ on the farm.6.They didnt clean the classroom yesterday.The classroom _ _ yesterday.was bought by are watered byWasbuiltwere written by arent grownwasnt cleaned第11页/共39页带情态动词的被动语态带情态动词的被动语态1.You can

9、do the work all by yourself. The work _ _ _ all by yourself.2.We must plant more trees. More trees _ _ _.3.We should dig a large hole. A large hole _ _ _.4.Can we put our bikes here? _ our bikes _ _ here?5.You mustnt throw rubbish here. Rubbish _ _ _ here.6.We cant see many stars. Many stars _ _ _ .

10、 can be donemust be plantedshould be dugCanbe putmustnt be thrown cant be seen第12页/共39页在被动语态中要注意的问题一、使役动词(let, have, make等)或感官动词(see, hear, watch,等)在主动语态中后面接的动词不定式省略to，改为被动语态时一定要补上to。如：A.The boss makes the workers work all day. The workers are made to work all day by the boss.B.I saw him enter the h

11、ouse. He was seen to enter the house by me.C. We hear her sing in the room every day. She is heard to sing in the room every day.第13页/共39页注意当使用see/hear/watch sb doing sth时，变为被动语态时，doing不变。如：I saw him going into the shop.(主动)He was seen going into the shop.(被动) 第14页/共39页主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态使使役役动动词词make s

12、b do sthsb be made to do sthhave sb do sthsb be had to do sthlet sb do sthsb be let to do sth感感官官动动词词see sb do sthsb be seen to do sthwatch sb do sthsb be watched to do sthhear sb do sthsb be heard to do sthnotice sb do sthsb be noticed to do sthgo第15页/共39页1.Toms father bought him a book. He _ a boo

13、k by his father.A book _ _ him by his father.二、带双宾语的动词有两种改法二、带双宾语的动词有两种改法: 1.把指人的宾语作为被动句的主语把指人的宾语作为被动句的主语.2.当把直接宾语物作为主语时，要加介词当把直接宾语物作为主语时，要加介词to,forwas bought在被动语态中要注意的问题在被动语态中要注意的问题was boughtfor第16页/共39页pass, show, send 此类动词有：buy如：givebe given to 此类动词还有：第17页/共39页He gave me a beautiful present.I was

14、 given a beautiful present by him.A beautiful present was given to me .第18页/共39页感官动词感官动词( (hear, see, watch, feel, notice等等) )和使役动词和使役动词( (let ,make have等等) )在主动语态中在主动语态中后接不带后接不带toto的动词不定式的动词不定式, ,但是改为被动语态时但是改为被动语态时, , 把把toto加在动词原形之前加在动词原形之前. .They made the boys work 12 hours a day.The boys were mad

15、e to work 12 hours a day.We often see him go for a walk by the river.He is often seen to go for a walk by the river.第19页/共39页1. The teachers often make us read books in the morning. We are often made to read books in the morning by the teachers.2. We noticed him talk with my brother just now.He was

16、noticed to talk with my brother just now.3. We saw her help Tom when we enter the room.She was seen to help Tom when we enter the room.4. I made him stop while he was doing the work.He was made to stop while he was doing the work.第20页/共39页 3 主动句中含有宾语补足语句子的被动语主动句中含有宾语补足语句子的被动语态态: :把人变为主语把人变为主语 Mother

17、 told me not to be late. I was told not to be late by mother. I saw mother planting flowers in the garden. Mother was seen planting flowers in the garden. 第21页/共39页Speak to be spoken toHand in be handed in第22页/共39页4 短语动词的被动语态短语动词的被动语态 I can take good care of the baby. The baby can be taken good care

18、 of.We should speak to the old politely.The old should be spoken to politely. 第23页/共39页 The rain stopped.不及物动词（vi.)不能用于被动语态。happen, take place ,appear, disappear,belong to ,break out (爆发）爆发）第24页/共39页 e.g. A traffic accident _(happen) just now.happened2. 连系动词（Link.v.)不用被动语态。 如：be, look, seem, feel, s

19、ound, smell, taste, get, turn, become e.g. Peking Opera _ (sound) beautiful.sounds 3. 当此动词表示事物的自然属性的时候，不用被动语态 。 e.g. The pen _(write) very fast.writes This kind of sweater _(sell) well. sells第25页/共39页三、汉语中含有三、汉语中含有“据说据说”、“据悉据悉”、“有有人说人说”、“大家说大家说”等时。例如：等时。例如： It is said that one day he climbed to the

20、top of a house and It was reported that her mother died of SARS.众所周知众所周知 It is well known that 据推测说据推测说 It is supposed that 第26页/共39页Practice:1 Must I pay for it at once?_ it _ _ _ at once?2 We will build a new lab.A new lab _ _ _.3 They arent stopping the traffic now.The traffic _ _ _ now.4 How lon

21、g have you kept the book?How long _ the book _ _? Mustbeenpaidforwillbebuiltisntbeenstoppinghasbeenkept第27页/共39页5 If your homework _(do) well,you may go to play.6 Mr.Green was seen _ (grow) trees.7 The blackboard was _ (look) carefully by the students.8 The ship model _ be _ (make)in two days.is don

22、eto growlooked atwillmade第28页/共39页1.-Did you go to Jims birthday party? -No, I _ (北京北京2003年中招试题年中招试题) A. am not invited B. wasnt invited C. havent invited D. didnt invited2. To make our city more beautiful, rubbish _ into the river. A. neednt be thrown B. mustnt be thrown C. cant throw D. may not th

23、row (重庆重庆2003年中招试题年中招试题)BB第29页/共39页考点聚焦1、主动语态为动词原形作宾语补足语。The workers were made 12 hours a day n the old days.A. work B. to work2、主动语态的谓语为短语动词。Their homework half an hour ago.A. was handed in B. was handed AB第30页/共39页3.You may go fishing if your work_. (河北2003年中招试题) A. is done B. will be done C. has

24、done D. have done4.We are told _ everywhere. Its our duty to keep our school clean. (辽宁2003年中招试题) A.not to make much noise B. to throw waste paper C. to draw D. not to spitAD第31页/共39页1.- What do you think of the football match yesterday ?- Its surprising. The strongest team _.A. was beaten B. won C.

25、 scored D. was failed2.I wont come to the party unless Sue_.A. will invite B. invites C. invited D. is invited3.What are on show in the museum? Some photos _ by African children.A. are taken B. have been taken C. taken D. were taken4. The boy _ study at home by her last Sunday.A made B was made C wa

26、s made to D made to中招模拟中招模拟ADCC第32页/共39页4.The trees must _ three times a week.A. water B. is watering C. be watered D. waters5.Another new building _last month near my school.A. was built B. built C. has been built D. is built6. A new bridge _ over the river next year.A is built B will build C will

27、be built D will built7. TV and radio programes _ the other side of the world with the help of the satellites.A can send to B can send on C can be sent to D can be sent onCACC第33页/共39页3. In summer meat and fruit _for a long time.A cant be kept B doesnt keep C is not kept D isnt keeping4. These films

28、_ by young children.A should not seen B shouldnt be seen C should be not seen D should see5. The piece of music _ great.A sounds B sounded C is sounded D is sounding6. It _ in a small village last month.A happened B was happened C happen D had happenedABAA第34页/共39页2. Our classroom should _ clean and

29、 tidy.A was kept B be kept C is keep D have kept3. No letter _ since you left for Shanghai.A have received B have been received C had been received D has been received4. Im afraid you cant go in. The room_.A is painted B has painted C is being painted D is painting6. The girl _singing when we passed by.A heard B was hea