高中英语选修6第一单元知识点、语法及练习

1、第一单元知识点1.abstract1) adj.深奥的，抽象的e.g. Beauty is abstract but a house is not.2) v.提炼，抽取；概括，写摘要 e.g. Rubberis abstracted from trees. e.g. He is abstracting a story for a book review 在为一篇书评撰写故事摘要。3) n. an abstract of a lecture个演讲的摘要2 .Would you rather have Chinese or Western-style paintings in your home?

2、would rather do sth 情愿做e.g. I would rather stay at home today.would rather sb do sth情愿 sb做. e.g. I would rather you came here tomorrow.would rather do sth than do sth = would do sth rather than do sth=prefer to do sth rather than do sth = prefer doing sth to doing sthe.g. I would rather go with you

3、than stay here.= I would go with you rather than stay here.= I prefer to go with you rather than stay here.= I prefer going with you to staying here.3 .faith n.信任，信仰break one's faith with sb.对某人不守信用keep faith with 忠于信仰；守信have faith in 相信，信任 lose faith in 不再相信in good faith老实地；诚恳地e.g. I kept faith

4、 with him.我信守了对他的诺言。He who loses faith, loses all失去信心的人，失去所有。faithful adj.忠诚的，可靠的be faithful to 对忠诚4 .consequently adv.所以，因止匕e.g. Mr Foster has never been to China. Consequently, he knows very little about it. consequent adj.作为结果的，随之发生的consequence n.结果as a consequence/result = in consequence as a co

5、nsequence/result of = because ofe.g. She was found guilty, and lost her job in consequence (of it).5 .aimA. 1) n.目标(C) e.g. What is your aim in life?你生活的目的是什么？without aim 无目的的/无目标的achieve ongs aim达至U目标miss ones aim 打不中目标(U) 对准，瞄准 take aim ate.g. The hunter took aim at the lion.2) v.(以枪等)对准，瞄准 aim at

6、 aim at the target=take aim at the targe®准靶子e.g. He aimed his gun at the tiger, fired but missed it.aimless a.无目标的，无目的的 She led an aimless life.B.打算,计划，以一为目标，立志做aim at doing = aim to do 瞄准，力求做到，力争达到e.g. Harry aims at becoming a doctor./Harry aims to become a doctor.6.evident adj.明白的，明显的e.g. The

7、 applause made it evident that the play was a hit.It is evident (obvious) (to sb) that e.g. It's evident that you are tired.n. evidence 证据;证明in evidence = evident 明显的7 .realistic现实主义的，逼真的，现实的in a more realistic way 以一种更逼真的形式realism现实主义realist现实主义者real adj.真的 realize v.实现8 . adopt vt.1) .采取;采纳;吸收

8、e.g. After much deliberation, the president decided to adopt her suggestion.2) .过继，收养(+as) e.g. Mr. Kern adopted the orphan as his own son.3) .正式通过，接受e.g. The agenda was adopted after some discussion.adopted adj.被收养的，被采用的 an adopted child9 .possess用作动词时，不能用于进行时。1) “有，拥有" e.g. The library posses

9、ses a number of the artist early works.2) “具有的特质"be possessed of stht为“具有某种品质或特征”3) “支配，控制“ e.g. He was possessed by the desire to be rich.possession c贝才产，所有物 (常用复数)personal possession就人贝才产 e.g. The ring is one of her most valuable possessions.ul占有，拥有Take/get/have/gain possession of 占领，夺取in pos

10、session of (表主动)占in the possession of=in one's possession(表被动)被占有 e.g. He is in of the house.他拥有这套房子。The house is in the of him.这套房子在他的占有之下。10 . convince vt. “使确信；使信服”convince sb. to do sth.说®某人做convince sb of sth convince sb+ that 从何 使某人确信某事e.g. He convinced me of his sincerity.他使我确信他的真诚。I

11、 was convinced that he was sincere.sb. be convinced of sth sb. be convinced that一 某人确信。11 .attemptv.尝试，企图，努力去执行或完成attempt doing反复尝试做attempt to do企图做attempt to do/doing = try to do/doinge.g. I attempted to speak but was told to be quiet.n. 1)企图或努力2)袭击；攻击an attempt on someone's lif取寸某人生命的攻击make an

12、 attempt to do sth /at doing sth 尝试做一at ones attempt 在尝试下 one s first attempt 初次尝试 e.g. She made an attempt to cook the dinne她试着做这顿饭。12.on the other hand 另一方面，相当于一个副词。常与 on one hand连用。On oneOn one hand- on the other hand一方面另一方面e.g. This job is not well paid, but on the other hand, I don't have t

13、o work long hours. hand, I need a computer, but on the other hand, I donhave enough money.at hand在手边，在附近by hand用手的，手工的go hand in hand with 与共同行动13.figure1) 外形;体形;人影 e.g. I saw a figure in the darkness.2)体态;风姿e.g. She has a slender figure.3)人物;名人e.g. He has become a figure known to everyone.4) 数字e.g.

14、 Where did you get those figures?14.1)aggressive adj.敢作敢为的；有闯劲的；侵略性的；好斗的e.g. He is very aggressive.他生性好斗。an aggressive salesmarr干劲彳艮大的售货员 aggressive weapons 攻击性武器2)aggressively adv.气势汹汹地3)aggression n侵略(行动) aggressor n.侵略者15.in the flesh活生生，本人，亲自flesh n.肌肉；肉e.g. Have you ever seen Jay Chou in the fl

15、esh?见过周杰伦本人吗？flesh and blood 肉体，血肉之躯 e.g. Though he is a hero, he is still flesh and blood.lose flesh 减肥 gain/put on flesh 增肥 flesh-eating 食肉的 16.preference1)更加的喜爱偏爱UC(+for)e.g. A window seat is my preference喜欢靠窗的座位。2)偏爱的事物(或人)C e.g. Which is your preference, tea or coffee?3)偏袒U(+for)e.g. Parents sh

16、ould noshow preference for any one of their children.4)优先(权);优惠权UCin preference to 优先于have a preference for 偏爱e.g. I have a preference for classic music.I d choose the small car in preference to the larger one.17 .appeal vi.1)呼吁，恳求 appeal to sb for sth .e.g. He appealed to me for help.2)诉诸，求助(+to)e.

17、g. We will appeal to a variety of sources of information. 3)有吸引力，迎合爱力子(+to)e.g. The idea appealed to Mary.4)【律】上诉(+to/against)e.g. He appealed against the five-year sentence he had been given.18 .reputation n.名誉洛声(+for)e.g. The store has an excellent reputation for fair dealing.Cheating at the game

18、ruined that playes reputation.live up to one's reputation 不负盛名lose ones reputation 失去盛名win a high reputation 赢得很高的声誉19 . more than +名词 意为“不仅仅”e.g. Jason is more than a lecturer; he is a writer, too.1) more than徽词，意为“超过”相当于over,其反义词组为less thane.g. There are more than two hundred people in the par

19、k.2) “more tha叶形容词/副词”是“很”或“非常”的意思。e.g. I am more than content with what you said.我对你的讲话十分满意。3)在“more . than .”结构中，肯定“ more”后面的内容而否定“than”后面的部分， 常译为“是而不是”或“与其说不如说e.g. Hearing the loud noise, the boy was more surprised than frightened.听到这巨大的声响，男孩与其说是害怕不如说是感到很惊讶。20.contemporary1)adj.当代的；同时代的；同年龄的e.g.

20、His lecture is on contemporary American novelists.He has furniture of contemporary style.be contemporary with 与同时代e.g. Was Jonson contemporary with Shakespeare?森是否与莎士比亚同辈 ?2)n. C同时代的人，同年龄的人；同时期的东西 ；当代人，现代人e.g. He was looked down upon by his contemporaries 他被他的同时代的人瞧不起。1. You have to be . Anybody lik

21、e you without any experience is not likelyto be given a big salary even if you graduate from a famous university. .A. true; realistic B. realistic; practical C. practical; realistic D. real; realistic2. Sculptures are something but the concepts they demonstrate are , whichtakes wisdom to understandA

22、. real; subtract B.concrete; abstract C. realistic; subscribe D. specific; conventional3. Have faith yourself, be faithful your work and make every effort you canand then you are not far away from success.A. of; ofB. in; in C. to; inD. in; to4. Plowing the field is the means to grow crops in China,

23、typical the Chinesefarming for thousands of years.A. controversial; with B. traditional; in C. conventional; of D. contemporary; to5. Strict measures have to be to protectchildren from family abuses.A. adapted; adopted B. adopted; adopted C. adjusted; adjusted D. attached; adopted6. Students are giv

24、en a lot of exercises to do, to improve their grades.A. aimedB. aimingC. to be aimed D. to aim7. Nobody knows for sure who possessedthe ancient flower vase. In other words, nobody knows for sure who is of the flower vase.A. in possession B. in the possession C. of the possession D. with possession 8

25、. The story is totally made up. If it happens to be anyone s experience, weare here to apologize.A. by coincidence; similar toB. by accident; in coincidence withC. by chance; by coincidence withD. X; in coincidence to9. Whether euthanasia 乐死）should be made legal has been in the law circle formany ye

26、ars.A. conventional B. controversialC. potentialD. experimental10. It is ridiculous of you to be afraid of your own , which follows everywhere you gowhen there is light.A. shadeB. shadowC. figureD. sculpture11. I have heard of the famous scholar thousands of times but havet nseen him .A. in the fles

27、hB. in personalC. in fleshD. in private12. All visitors were amazed at the skills and the artist when carving thefigure on the marbleA. technologies; showedB. techniques; displayedC. technology; madeD. technique; displayed13. In such a situation, we have to be careful of what we say and what we do.A

28、. delicateB. fragileC. weakD. flexible14. It a superb mind to predict what will exactly happen in the future.A. takesB. costsC. spendsD. makes15. It still remains a mystery why some people are certain flower fragrance whileothers are not.A. allergic to B. accustomed to C. addicted to D. appealing to

29、16. Egypt a high reputation of ancient civilization across the worldA. likesB. appreciatesC. enjoysD. is fond of17.of time and energy has been spent in making the earthquake-stricken areas a permanent museum to remind people how disastrous a natural disaster can be.A. Large quantities B. A great dea

30、l C. A good many D. A plenty18. The girl to figure out what the boy s attempt was by giving her a bunch ofroses but without success .A. managed; XB. succeeded; on C. attempted; at D. tried; on19 . Visual teaching aids to students and help them learn better but theyshould not be overused in class.A.

31、attract; on the other handB. appeal; on the other handC. hold interest; on other handD. are interested; on one hand20 .exhibits made of clay on exhibition have to be taken special care of themfrom being damaged .A. Delicate; preventing B. Fragile; to stop C. Weak; to keep D. Faint; keeping21. The ol

32、d man enjoys collecting signatures of cotemporary famous people famouspaintings.A. with preference of B. in preference to C. in preference for D. with preference to22. The district committee having a big headache in with the aggressive boyswho make trouble now and then in the area.A. is; dealingB. a

33、re; dealingC. is; doingD. are; doing23. Please give us a explanation why you have done so in geometryin school.A. specific; to; well B. concrete; for; good C. general; to; wonderful D. specific; to; good 24. -1 hear there is an art gallery around here and could you tell me how to get to it, sir?-It

34、is 207 on the Fifth Avenue. Walk down this street and you.A. on; can't miss it B. at; can't avoid it C. on; cant escape D. at; can't miss it 25. Students are burdened with too much exercises,their school grade.A. aiming to improveB. aiming at improvingC. aimed to improveD. aimed to impro

35、ving虚拟语气一、基本含义：虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。二、用法：（一）用于非真实条件旬1.条件句：1）真实条件句指假设的情况有可能发生的条件句，用陈述语气。2）非真实条件句指假设的情况是过去或限制都不存在的， 或将来也不大可能发生的, 用虚拟语气2. if条件句的主句和从句的谓语动词形式如下:if条件句主句例句与现在事 实相反动词过去式（be用were）would/could/ should/might +V原If I were you, I would take an umbrella.（我不是你）If I k

36、new his telephone number, I would tell you.（我不知道）与将来事 实相反动词过去式（be用were）If he came/ should come/ were to come here tomorrow, I should/ would talk to him.（他来的可能性很小）should + V 原were to + V 原【学以致用】（2012 湖南高考）Sorry, I am too busy now. If I time, I would certainly go for anouting with you.A. have hadB. ha

37、d had C. haveD. Had（二）用于宾语从句1.动词wish后的宾语从句用虚拟语气wish后的宾语从句中谓语的形式例句与现在事实相反的愿望动词的过去式（be用were）I wish that I knew something about programming.与过去事实相反的愿望一过去完成式They wish that they hadn't told it to us.将来的愿望would/could/should/might+V 原I wish he could come tomorrow.【学以致用】（2011 北京高考） Where are the childre

38、n? The dinners going to be completely ruined. I wish they always late.A. weren'tB. hadn't beenC. wouldn't beD. wouldn't havebeen2.表示主观意愿的动词后,后面宾语从句的谓语动词用“should +动词原形” ,should可 省略如：suggest 建议 require 要求 demand 要求 insist 坚持要求order/ command命令e.g. He suggested that we （should） set a dea

39、dline for the completion of the plan.They require that parking （should） be allowed here.他们要求允许在止匕处停车。He insisted that shefosien her safety belt.他要求她系好安全带。注：suggest表示”表明,暗示” .insist表示“坚持某一说法”时.后宾语从句用陈 述语气。e.g. The look on his facesuggestedthat he was quite satisfied.他脸上的表情表明他很满意。He insisted that he h

40、ad not stolen the car and insisted that he （should）be set free at once.他坚持说自己没有偷那辆汽车，并坚持要求立刻释放他。 【学以致用】（2013 陕西高考）My mom suggests that we eat out for a change this weekend.A. should B. mightC. could D. Would3. would rather后的宾语从句用虚拟语气现在或将来的愿望would rather + 主语+动词过去式I would rather he Jeft now.I would rather he came earlier tomorrow.与过去事实相反的愿望would rather+ 主语+动词的过去完成式I would rather I had not lied yesterday.（事实上昨天撒谎了 ）【学以致用】（2010 江苏高考）George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but 'd rather he more on its culture.A. focus B. focused C. would focusD. had focused【即学即练】1. I