必修3Unit1Learning_about_Language

1、1.淹没，淹死淹没，淹死vt.& vi2.悲哀，悲伤悲哀，悲伤n.3.编织编织vt.& vi.4.饿死饿死vi.& vt.5.牧群，兽群牧群，兽群n.6.原谅原谅vt.7.哭泣，流泪哭泣，流泪vt.8.道歉，辩白道歉，辩白vi.9.明显的明显的adj.10.提醒，使想起提醒，使想起vt. Revision 1.drown2.sadness3.weave4.starve5.herd6.forgive7.weep8.apologize9.obvious10.remind11.出现，到场出现，到场12.守信用，履行诺言守信用，履行诺言13.屏息，屏气屏息，屏气14.出发，动身

2、出发，动身15.纪念，缅怀纪念，缅怀16.发生发生17.搞恶作剧搞恶作剧18.期望期望19.日夜，整天日夜，整天20.玩得开心玩得开心11.turn up12.keep ones word13.hold ones breath14.set off15.in memory of16.take place 17.play a trick on18.look forward to19.day and night20.have fun withAnswer key for Discovering useful structuresas though belief celebration Christi

3、ans custom have fun with origin religiousMany people think that Christmas is a western _, but in fact it is really a worldwide holiday. Christmas actually started as a _ festival celebrated by _ around the world. Answer key for Its _ is around the 3rd or 4th century AD, when the _ of remembering Jes

4、us birth on December 25th first started. Today, of course, many people celebrate Christmas _ it were just a holiday to _ family, rather than a holiday about a _.Custom admire feast harvest trick belief starve gather gain look forward to Dont _the day you stop suffering, because when it comes you kno

5、w youll be dead. A dog _ at his masters gate predicts the ruin of the state. 树死先从叶子黄树死先从叶子黄 I would rather have a mind opened by wonder than one closed by _.宁愿创新，不愿宁愿创新，不愿陈腐。陈腐。Answer key for _ you rosebuds while you may, old time is still a-flying, and this same flower that smiles today, tomorrow w

6、ill be dying. However big the fool, there is always a bigger fool to _ him.存在即合存在即合6._ , then, is the great guide of human life. Other peoples _ are always the best _, but ones own children are always the best children. There is no _ on earth does not end in parting. .天下没有不散的宴席天下没有不散的宴席 Everyone has

7、 some _they can do, but each has his own way of doing them.条条大路通罗马条条大路通罗马 Those who can lose shall _ ; those who wish for _shall lose. -Modal Verb I Modal Verb I Unit 1Unit 1 He must have gone to Beijing.2. The door was locked. She couldnt have been at home.3. They may be still waiting for us.Transl

8、ate the following sentences into Chinese. Pay attention to the mood. 他一定已经去北京了。他一定已经去北京了。门是锁着的，门是锁着的， 所以她不可能在家。所以她不可能在家。他们可能还在等我们呢。他们可能还在等我们呢。4. He might have read about the news in the newspaper.5. You should have told him a week ago.6. Can you give me some suggestions? 7. They wanted to know when

9、you would go to the park. 他可能已经从报纸上知道这个消息了。他可能已经从报纸上知道这个消息了。你本来应该在一周前告诉他的。你本来应该在一周前告诉他的。你能给我一些建议吗？你能给我一些建议吗？他们想知道你们什么时候去公园。他们想知道你们什么时候去公园。情态动词表示说话人的某种感情或语情态动词表示说话人的某种感情或语气，对某一动作或状态的某种态度。气，对某一动作或状态的某种态度。表示表示“需要、可以、必须、应当需要、可以、必须、应当”等。等。 什么是情态动词？什么是情态动词？ (Modal Verbs)(Modal Verbs)Words like can, will,

10、may, must, and afew others are called modals. Modal verbs help other verbs express a meaning or an idea. Some common uses of the modals are these:Ability: 1 He can speak English now. 2 He couldnt speak English a year ago. 3 Im not able to come to the game on Friday.Permission: All passengers may now

11、 board. We can board now.Obligation: You must fasten your seat belts. (strong) You should pay attention. (weak) You ought to pay attention.Possibility: 1 It may rain. 2 How could I forget an important thing like that? 3 He cant /couldnt have known the result.Meanings similar to those of the modals c

12、an often be conveyed by real verb forms:He has to.=must is able tospeak English =can is allowed to.=may is supposed to=should 情态动词的语法特征情态动词的语法特征1. 情态动词情态动词 不能单独做谓语，除不能单独做谓语，除ought 和和have外，后面只能接不带外，后面只能接不带to 的不定式。的不定式。 2. 情态动词没有人称，数的变化，但有情态动词没有人称，数的变化，但有 些情态动词，如些情态动词，如can, will也有一般式也有一般式 和过去式的变化。和过去式

13、的变化。只作情态动词的只作情态动词的 can/could, may/might, ought to, must可情态可实义的可情态可实义的 need, dare/dared可情态可助动词的可情态可助动词的 shall/should, will/would相当于情态动词的相当于情态动词的 have to, used to3. 情态动词的情态动词的“时态时态”形式并不是时间形式并不是时间区别的主要标志，不少情况下，情态动区别的主要标志，不少情况下，情态动词的现在式形式和过去式形式都可用来词的现在式形式和过去式形式都可用来表示现在时间、过去时间和将来时间。表示现在时间、过去时间和将来时间。 1) c

14、an的主要用法是：的主要用法是： A. _： eg. The girl can dance very well. B. _： eg. Can the news be true?can 和和could：表示能力表示能力表示推测可能性表示推测可能性（多用于疑问否定句中）（多用于疑问否定句中）其他用法：命令，惊讶，不相信等。其他用法：命令，惊讶，不相信等。If you wont keep quiet, you can get out!You cant be serious! C. _:eg. Can I sit here? 表请求或允许表请求或允许2) could的主要用法是：的主要用法是： A.

15、_: eg. We all knew that the young man couldnt be a doctor. 我三岁就能看书了。我三岁就能看书了。 Father said I could go out with my friends.could 是是can的过去式的过去式, 表示表示过去的能力过去的能力,许可和推测许可和推测Whats for dinner? I could eat a horse.My wife is in hospital. Our baby could arrive at any time.B. could可代替可代替can表示请求表示请求, 语气委婉语气委婉eg

16、. Could you lend me your bike? Could I use your bike? -Yes, you canC 表示现在的可能与能力，可能性要小表示现在的可能与能力，可能性要小D 表轻微的责备表轻微的责备You could be more careful.5) eg. They cant /couldnt have gone out because the light is still on.cant /couldnt have done 过否猜过否猜must do/be 现肯猜现肯猜cant do/be 现否猜现否猜must have done 过肯猜过肯猜 mus

17、t表示推测，语气非常肯定，表示推测，语气非常肯定，近乎确定的意味，一般用在肯定句。近乎确定的意味，一般用在肯定句。 如：如：It must be eleven oclock now. He must go crazy. If Mary didnt leave here until five oclock, she cant be home yet. 如果玛丽五点才离开这儿，他此时如果玛丽五点才离开这儿，他此时一定还未到家。一定还未到家。may 和和might ： may 常用来表示：常用来表示： A. _ eg. May I come in ? Yes, please. B. _表示请求、允许

18、表示请求、允许;比比can正式正式:eg. -I believe the man is from England. -But I may be wrong. The guest may arrive this afternoon表示猜测表示猜测答语避免使用答语避免使用may，以免显得，以免显得太严肃或太不客气太严肃或太不客气 The road may be blocked. 这条路可能不通了。这条路可能不通了。 The road can be blocked. 这条路可能会是不通的。这条路可能会是不通的。 在疑问句中，表示可能性用在疑问句中，表示可能性用can。 如：如：Where can h

19、e be? 他会在哪呢？他会在哪呢？可能性从大到小可能性从大到小: must. can could may might C. _ eg. May you succeed! May you have a good journey! 表示祝愿表示祝愿;语气较正式语气较正式:多在间接引语中表示多在间接引语中表示过去的可能和允许过去的可能和允许。也可以表示现在的可能性，但是比也可以表示现在的可能性，但是比may表示的可能性更小，且表示的可能性更小，且might可以用于虚拟可以用于虚拟语气，语气，may不可以。不可以。might 的用法有的用法有: She said that he might take

20、 her bike. 她说他可以拿她的自行车去用。她说他可以拿她的自行车去用。You might get some help from her if she were here.will和和would：1. I will tell you something important.我将要告诉你一些重要的事我将要告诉你一些重要的事Will you tell her that Im here? 请您告诉她说我在这儿，好吗请您告诉她说我在这儿，好吗? I told him not to do it, but he would. （助动词）（助动词） （情态动词）（情态动词）will是助动词或是情态动词

21、是助动词或是情态动词 用于构成将来时是助动词。用于构成将来时是助动词。用于表用于表“意志意志/决心决心/请求请求”是情态动是情态动词。词。would亦同理，只是表过去。亦同理，只是表过去。2. _ If you want help, let me know, will you? 如果你需要帮助如果你需要帮助, 让我知道让我知道, 好吗好吗? Would you type this, please? 请打印这个，好吗？请打印这个，好吗？ Wont you sit down? 请坐下，好吗？请坐下，好吗？ 疑问句中用于第二人称，提出请求疑问句中用于第二人称，提出请求表委婉不是表过去表委婉不是表过去

22、3. _Would you help us, please? 请您帮助我们，好吗？请您帮助我们，好吗？Id go there with you. 我要和你一块到那儿去。我要和你一块到那儿去。 Teacher wouldnt allow it. 老师不会允许这件事。老师不会允许这件事。（表请求）（表请求）would比比will客气委婉。客气委婉。（表意愿）（表意愿）（表许可）（表许可）shall和和should： 1. Perhaps I shall pay a visit to England this winter.可能今年冬天我会去英国观光。可能今年冬天我会去英国观光。 （构成一般将来时（

23、构成一般将来时, 助动词）助动词）shall用于构成将来时是助动词。用于构成将来时是助动词。Shall we go by train, Mom?妈妈，我们乘火车去好吗？妈妈，我们乘火车去好吗？Shall he come in? 要他进来吗？要他进来吗？2. 用于征求意见用于征求意见,是情态动词是情态动词, 一般一般用于第一人称和第三人称用于第一人称和第三人称Dont worrt, you shall get the book.Nothing shall stop us.You shall get what you deserve.He shall be punished if he break

24、s the rule.No one shall smoke here. 3. 用于表允诺，决心，警告，命令用于表允诺，决心，警告，命令, 或颁布法令规定等。用于二三人称。或颁布法令规定等。用于二三人称。4. eg: You should keep your promise. 你应该遵守诺言。你应该遵守诺言。You should call the police.*表示表示“按理说按理说”。Its 8 oclock now, he should be here at any moment.*表埋怨，用于表埋怨，用于“Shouldnt ?”Shouldnt you be doing your hom

25、ework now? should表示义务表示义务/建议建议/劝告，意为劝告，意为 “应应该该”。 must 的主要用法：的主要用法： 1. _ eg: We must all die. 人总要死的。人总要死的。 2. _eg: You must get up early. 你必须早起来。你必须早起来。表示必然性。表示必然性。表示强制表示强制/义务。义务。 如：如：We mustnt waste our time. - May I take this magazine out? - No, you mustnt. 注意注意: must not : “禁止禁止”。must 用于一般疑问句的时候，

26、用于一般疑问句的时候，肯定回答用肯定回答用yes, please 或者或者 Im afraid so, 其否定回答用其否定回答用 neednt 或者或者 dont have to表示推测，意为表示推测，意为“一定是一定是”。must+v 对现在的推测对现在的推测must+have+过去分词过去分词 对过去的推测对过去的推测must+be+v-ing 对将来或现在进行时的推测对将来或现在进行时的推测表示表示“偏偏偏偏”，表达对某事的不满或责备等情，表达对某事的不满或责备等情绪。绪。Why must it rain on Sunday? -_ I go out to play, mum? -No,

27、 you_. You should do your homework first. A. Might; wouldnt B. May; had better not C. Must; mustnt D. Need; mustntExercise 2. -Where is Emma? -I cant say for sure where she is, but she_ be out shopping. A. can B. should C. must D. may3. The room is in a terrible mess; it _ cleaned. A. cant have been

28、 B. couldnt be C. may have been D. would be4. There _ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practised a lot in the driving school. A. mustnt B. shant C. shouldnt D. neednt 1 Children under 12 years of age in that country _ be under adult supervision when in a public library. (

29、2009 上海）上海） A. must B. may C. can D. need2 Whats the name？ Khulaifi. _ I spell that for you？（？（2010 北京）北京） A. Might B. Would C. Can D. Shall 3 Some aspects of a pilots job_ be boring, and pilots often _ work at inconvenient hours. （2010 湖南）湖南） A. can；have to B. may；can C. have to; may D. ought to; m

30、ust 4 The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. I _ the trouble to carry my umbrella with me. (2008 江西）江西） A should have taken B could have taken C neednt have taken D mustnt have taken5 Hows your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful? It _ be, but it is now heavily polluted. （2009 全国全国I） A

31、. will B. would C. should D. must 6 I told your friend how to get to the hotel, but perhaps I have driven her there. （2010 陕西）陕西） A. could B. must C. night D. should根据汉语完成句子。根据汉语完成句子。 A: _(我可以跟朋友我可以跟朋友 去去) to the harvest festival? B: Yes, you may. A: If I want to be a doctor, _ _ (我应该学理科吗我应该学理科吗)? B

32、: I think so. May I go with friendsshould I studyscience 3. I dont know where she is, she _ _ (可能在武汉可能在武汉). 4. At this moment, our teacher _ (想必在批改想必在批改) our exam papers. 5. The road is wet. It _ (肯定下雨了肯定下雨了) last night. 6. Your mother _ _ (一定一直在找你一定一直在找你).maymust be markingmust have rainedmust have

33、 been lookingbe in Wuhanfor you7. Philip _ _(可能在车可能在车 祸中受了重伤祸中受了重伤). 8. -Linda has gone to work, but her bicycle is still here. -She _ (可能上班可能上班) by bus.9. Mike _ (一定还没有找回一定还没有找回) his car, for he came to work by bus this morning.may (might) have been hurtmay (might) have gonecant have foundseriously

34、 in the car accidentDiscovering useful structures 1. Most ancient festivals would celebrate the end of cold weather . 2. Sometimes celebrations would be held after hunters had caught animals 3. At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find . 4. or to satisfy the ancestors , who migh

35、t return either to help or to do harm. 5. For the Japanese festival Obon , people should go to clean graves.Answer key for 6. It is now a childrens festival, when they can dress up and go . 7. the children might play a trick on them . 8. Festivals can also be held to honour famous people 9. Harvest and Thanksgiving festivals can be very happy events .10. In European countries ,people will usually decorate churches and town halls11. Some people might win awards for their farm produce.12. At the Spring Festival in china ,people may give children lucky money in red p