高中英语必修一直接引语和间接引语

1、考点识别：直接引语和间接引语为高中英语必修1第一、二两单元的语法点。一般在考试中（尤其高考），命题者不会考查如何把直接引语改为间接引语，而是把这个知识点与宾语从句结合起来考查。其实，间接引语就是一句宾语从句。那么在学习直接引语和间接引语这个语法点时，我们除了掌握人称、时态、状语的变化外，还要谨记一定要用陈述句语序。接下来，我们就来学习如何把直接引语变为间接引语。一、概念：直接引语指直接引用别人的话，故必须有引号；间接引语为转述别人的话，无引号。e.g. He said,“I went to the Green Lake yesterday.”(直接引语) He said that he had

2、 gone to the Green Lake the day before. (间接引语)二、步骤（如何把直接引语变为间接引语）：语序状语连接词人称时态第一步：连接词 直接引语为陈述句，用that. 直接引语为一般疑问句，用whether或if(主句动词常为ask) 直接引语为特殊疑问句，用特殊疑问词（what,when,how等） 直接引语为祈使句，用tell/order/ask sb (not) to do sth改写 e.g. He said,“I went to the Green Lake yesterday.” (陈述句) He said that He asked, “Did

3、you go to the Green Lake yesterday?”He asked whether /ifDont make so much noise, children!” she said.She told the teacher not to make so much noise.2 / 8第二步：人称的变化，一般可以通过翻译来转化人称（建议用这种方法，不会增加记忆量），也可以通过口诀“一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新”来记忆。e.g. He said,“I went to the Green Lake yesterday.” He said that he翻译出来为：（他说，“我

4、昨天去翠湖了。” ），那么转换过来为：（他说,他昨天去了翠湖。）由此可见，翻译出来后人称很好转化。第三步：时态的变化（向前推一个时态）一般现在时 一般过去时一般过去时 过去完成时一般将来时 过去将来时现在进行时 过去进行时现在完成时 过去完成时过去完成时 过去完成时e.g. He said,“I went to the Green Lake yesterday.”(一般过去时)He said that he had gone . (过去完成时)易错点：以下几种情况时态 不变 直接引语是客观真理。 The teacher said ,“The earth moves

5、 around the sun .” The teacher told me that the earth moves around the sun earth.直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。Jack said. “I was doing chores when Tom came to see me” Jack said that he was doing chores when Tom came to

6、see him.直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。如：Jack said. "I was born on April 2l, 1980."  Jack said that he was born on April 21, 1980.直接引语如果是一般现在时,表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。如：He said, “I g

7、et up at six every morning.” He said that he gets up at six every morning.第四步：状语的变化（着重是时间状语）the day before yesterday yesterday today tomorrow the day after tomorrow nowtwo days before the day before that day the next day two days

8、later then关键词：ago before next由此，我们可以推断： tonight that nightthree weeks ago three weeks before next year the next year另外，还有几个转换的词： this that come go here there e.g. He said,“I went to the Green Lake yesterday.” He said that he had gone to the Green Lake the day before. 第五步：陈述句语序（易错点）若直接引语为一般疑问句或特殊疑问句，

9、那么变为间接引语时，从句部分要用陈述句语序（主谓宾、主系表），记住：连接词后面一定要为句子的主语。 He asked, “Did you go to the Green Lake yesterday?”He asked whether /if I had gone to the Green Lake the 主 谓 宾day before. (温馨提示：若有助动词，先根据助动词的时态判断直接引语的时态，然后再把助动词去掉) She asked me,“Whats your name?”She asked me what my name was. 主 谓自我演练1He said: “Ive le

10、ft my book in my room.”（ 变为间接引语）2She said to Tom, “Can you help me?”（ 同上）3The teacher asked, “how did you repair it?”（同上）4My father said, “Practice makes perfect.”（ 同上）5“Will you go to the concert with me this evening?” Mary asked me.（同上）6. He asked _ for the computer. A. did I pay how much B. I pai

11、d how much C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid7. “Have you seen the film?” he asked me. He asked me _. A. had I seen the film B. have I seen the film C. if I have seen the film D. whether I had seen the film8. “Youve already got well, havent you?” she asked.She asked _. A. if I have already got well B. whether I had already got well C. have I already got well D. had I already got well.9. He asked me _ with me. A. what the matter is B. what the mater was C. whats the matter D. what was the mat